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>> SD-WAN-Engineer Prüfungsinformationen <<
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74. Frage
A network engineer is able to ping and traceroute from SD-WAN branch IP 192.168.1.123 to servers in primary data center - DC1, but is unable to ping or traceroute to a server 10.2.2.22 in the newly configured secondary data center, DC2.
The DC2 ION device is advertising the branch IP subnet 192.168.1.0/24 to the DC2 core via eBGP Core Peer.
The DC2 data center site has site prefix 10.2.2.0/23 configured.
Which configuration will resolve the issue in this scenario?
Antwort: B
Begründung:
In a Prisma SD-WAN deployment, the routing of traffic between branches and Data Centers (DCs) relies on the proper synchronization between the AppFabric (the overlay) and the local routing protocols (the underlay
/LAN side). In this scenario, the branch can successfully reach DC1, indicating the branch ION is correctly participating in the fabric. However, traffic to DC2 (10.2.2.22) is failing.
The DC2 site has the site prefix 10.2.2.0/23 configured. In Prisma SD-WAN, defining a site prefix informs the Controller that this specific subnet "belongs" to that site, causing the Controller to advertise reachability for this prefix to all other ION devices in the fabric. Consequently, when the branch ION (192.168.1.123) attempts to reach 10.2.2.22, it correctly identifies DC2 as the destination and encapsulates the traffic toward the DC2 ION.
The bottleneck occurs once the packet arrives at the DC2 ION. While the ION is advertising the branch subnet (192.168.1.0/24) to the DC Core (ensuring the return path), the ION itself must know how to forward the incoming traffic from the branch to the internal DC network. If the DC2 ION does not have a specific route in its local routing table for the 10.2.2.0/23 subnet pointing to the DC Core's internal interface, the packet will be dropped.
According to Palo Alto Networks best practices for Data Center ION deployment, a static default route (0.0.0.0/0) should be configured on the ION device pointing toward the DC Core's next-hop IP address. This ensures that any traffic received from the AppFabric destined for internal DC resources-which are not directly connected to the ION-is successfully handed off to the core switching fabric for final delivery.
Adding this default route (Option A) resolves the reachability issue by providing the "last-hop" routing instruction within the DC.
75. Frage
In the Prisma SD-WAN portal, an administrator is viewing the "Media" analytics for a branch site to troubleshoot complaints about poor voice quality.
When calculating the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) for voice traffic, which two metrics does the system prioritize active monitoring for, even when no user voice traffic is present on the link? (Choose two.)
Antwort: A,B
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation
Prisma SD-WAN calculates the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) to provide a standardized metric (1-5) for voice quality. To ensure the system always knows the "voice readiness" of a path-even before a call starts-it uses Active Probes (synthetic UDP packets).
While latency is measured, the MOS calculation algorithm is most heavily penalized by Packet Loss (D) and Jitter (B).
Packet Loss: Even a small amount of loss (e.g., >1%) dramatically reduces voice clarity, causing dropouts.
Jitter: High variance in packet arrival time (jitter) causes the "robotic" voice effect and buffer underruns.
The system continuously measures these specific metrics on all WAN links using synthetic probes. If the packet loss or jitter exceeds the threshold defined in the "Path Quality Profile" (e.g., Voice Profile), the path is marked as non-compliant, and the MOS score drops, triggering a policy action to move the flow. Throughput (C) is less critical for voice as calls consume very little bandwidth (e.g., 64-100 Kbps), making congestion (loss/jitter) the primary enemy, not raw speed.
76. Frage
When identifying devices for IoT classification purposes, which two methods does Prisma SD-WAN use to discover devices that are not directly connected to the branch ION? (Choose two.)
Antwort: A,D
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation
Prisma SD-WAN (formerly CloudGenix) integrates with Palo Alto Networks IoT Security to provide comprehensive visibility into all devices at a branch, including those that are not directly connected to the ION device. While the ION automatically detects and classifies devices connected directly to its interfaces via traffic inspection (DPI), DHCP, and ARP analysis, gaining visibility into off-branch devices (devices connected to downstream switches or access points) requires additional discovery mechanisms that can query the network infrastructure or ingest its logs.
1. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol): This is the primary active discovery method for off-branch devices. The Prisma SD-WAN ION device acts as a sensor that actively polls local network switches and wireless controllers using SNMP. By querying the ARP tables and MAC address tables (Bridge MIBs) of these intermediate network devices, the ION can identify endpoints that are connected to the switch ports, even if those endpoints are not currently sending traffic through the ION. This allows the system to map the topology and discover silent or lateral-traffic-only devices.
2. Syslog: In conjunction with SNMP, the IoT Security solution can utilize Syslog messages to discover and profile devices. Network infrastructure devices (like switches and WLAN controllers) can be configured to send Syslog messages to the collection point (which enables the IoT Security service) whenever a device connects or disconnects (e.g., port up/down events, DHCP snooping logs, or 802.1x authentication logs). These logs provide real-time data about device presence and identity (MAC/IP mappings) for devices that are not directly adjacent to the ION, ensuring 100% visibility across the branch network segments. LLDP (A) and CDP (B) are typically Link Layer discovery protocols used for discovering directly connected neighbors and do not propagate beyond the immediate link, making them unsuitable for discovering devices multiple hops away or behind a switch.
77. Frage
Where is route leaking configured between VRFs?
Antwort: D
Begründung:
In the Prisma SD-WAN solution, multi-tenancy and network isolation are achieved through the use of Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF) instances. However, there are many operational scenarios-such as providing shared access to a common service (e.g., DNS, NTP) or a central Internet gateway-where traffic must transition between these isolated routing domains. This process is known as route leaking.
In the Prisma SD-WAN management interface, route leaking is specifically configured within the VRF Profile. Unlike traditional CLI-based routers where route leaking might be configured under a global routing table or individual VRF definitions via import/export targets, Prisma SD-WAN utilizes a profile-based approach to ensure scalability and consistency across multiple sites. A VRF Profile acts as a template that defines the routing behavior for specific VRFs across the fabric.
When an administrator navigates to the VRF Profile settings, they can define "Leaking Rules." These rules specify the "From VRF" (source) and "To VRF" (destination) parameters, along with the specific prefixes or default routes that should be shared. By placing this configuration within the VRF Profile rather than a site- specific configuration, Palo Alto Networks allows for a "configure once, apply many" workflow. Once the VRF Profile is updated with the leaking rules, any ION device associated with that profile will automatically update its local routing table to allow the specified inter-VRF communication. This centralized orchestration simplifies the management of complex segmentation requirements in large-scale SD-WAN deployments.
78. Frage
A network installer is at a remote branch site to deploy a new ION 3000 device. The device has been racked, cabled to the internet, and powered on. The installer has the "Claim Code" displayed on the email sent by the administrator.
When the administrator enters this Claim Code into the Prisma SD-WAN portal, what is the immediate status of the device before the configuration is fully pushed?
Antwort: D
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation
In the Prisma SD-WAN (CloudGenix) Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP) lifecycle, the device status transitions through specific stages that indicate its readiness and connectivity.
When an administrator enters the Claim Code (or Serial Number/Claim Code pair) into the portal, the device status immediately updates to "Claimed".
This status confirms that the portal has registered the device's unique identity and associated it with the customer's tenant. However, "Claimed" does not necessarily mean the device is fully operational or passing traffic yet. It simply signifies that the ownership is verified.
Once the physical device at the site successfully connects to the internet and reaches the Prisma SD-WAN Controller (using the call-home function), it will authenticate using its installed certificate. Upon successful authentication and the establishment of the secure control channel, the status will transition from "Claimed" to
"Online".
Only after the device is "Online" can the controller push the specific site configuration (Device Shell), policies, and IP addressing required for the device to become "Provisioned" and eventually "Active" in the data path. If the device remains in the "Claimed" state for an extended period, it indicates that the hardware has not yet successfully contacted the controller, which prompts troubleshooting of the physical internet circuit or firewall rules upstream.
79. Frage
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SD-WAN-Engineer Originale Fragen: https://www.pass4test.de/SD-WAN-Engineer.html
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