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質問 # 19
Scenario 6: Davis Clinic (DC) is an American medical center focused on integrated health care. Since its establishment DC was committed to providing qualitative services for its clients, which is the reason why the company decided to implement a quality management system (QMS) based on ISO 9001. After a year of having an active QMS in place, DC applied for a certification audit.
A team of five auditors, from a well-known certification body, was selected to conduct the audit. Eva was appointed as the audit team leader. After three days of auditing, the team gathered to review and examine their findings. They also discussed the audit findings with DC's top management and then drafted the audit conclusions.
In the closing meeting, which was held between the audit team and the top management of DC. Eva presented two nonconformities that were detected during the audit. Eva stated that the company did not retain documented information regarding its outsourced services for an analysis laboratory and regarding the conducted management reviews. During the closing meeting, the audit team required from DCs top management to come up with corrective action plans within two weeks. Although the top management did not agree with the audit findings, the audit team insisted that the auditee must submit corrective actions within the given time frame in order for the audit activities to continue.
Once the action plans were evaluated, the audit team began preparing the audit report. Eva required from the team to provide accurate descriptions of the audit findings and the audit conclusions. The report was then distributed to all the interested parties involved in the audit, including the certification body Based on the report, the certification body together with Eva, as the audit team leader, made the certification decision.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Is it acceptable for the certification body and Eva to make the certification decision together?
正解：A
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
According to ISO 17021-1:2015, Clause 9.5.1 (Certification Decision):
* Auditors who conduct the audit cannot be involved in the certification decision to ensure impartiality.
* The certification body alone is responsible for making the certification decision based on the audit report and findings.
* The audit team leader (Eva) must not take part in the certification decision.
Thus, C is the correct answer.
Reference:
ISO 17021-1:2015, Clause 9.5.1 (Certification Decision)
質問 # 20
Scenario 7: POLKA is a car manufacturing company based in Stockholm, Sweden. The company has around 14,000 employees working in different sectors which help with the design, painting, assembling, and test drives of the final product. The company is widely known for its qualitative products and affordable prices. In order to retain their reputation, POLKA implemented a quality management system (QMS) based on ISO 9001.
Before applying for certification, the company decided to conduct an internal audit to check whether there are any nonconformities in their QMS and if the requirements of ISO 9001 are being fulfilled.
The top management appointed Sean, the internal auditor, as the team leader of the internal audit team. Sean required from the top management to have unrestricted access to the employees and executives of POLKA and to the documented information. Furthermore, Sean required to establish a team with a large number of auditors, considering the size and the complexity of the organization. The top management of POLKA agreed with Sean's requirements.
The top management, in cooperation with Sean, assigned 10 more employees to the audit team.
Following that. Sean planned the audit activities and assigned the roles and responsibilities to each auditor. They began by interviewing employees of different manufacturing departments to check whether they are aware of the process of the QMS implementation. While conducting these activities, one of the auditors asked Sean for permission to audit the department in which he worked on a daily basis, as he was very familiar with the processes of the department.
Along the way, the teams findings showed that the staff were trained, documented information was updated, and the QMS fulfilled the requirements of ISO 9001. The internal audit took three weeks to complete, and on the last week the audit team held a final meeting The team shared their results and together drafted the audit report This report was submitted to the top management of the company. The report was maintained as documented information, and was available to the relevant interested parties.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
According to Scenario 7, one of the auditors requested permission from Sean to audit the department in which he worked on a daily basis. Should Sean grant the auditor permission?
正解：A
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
ISO 19011:2018, Clause 5.1 (Impartiality) states that:
* Internal auditors must be independent of the processes they audit to ensure objectivity.
* Auditing one's own department introduces bias and is not permitted.
Thus, Sean must not allow the auditor to audit their own department.
Reference:
ISO 19011:2018, Clause 5.1 (Impartiality)
質問 # 21
Scenario 5: Mechanical-Electro (ME) Audit Stages
Mechanical-Electro, better known as ME, is an American company that provides mechanical and electrical services in China. Their services range from air-conditioning systems, ventilation systems, plumbing, to installation of electrical equipment in automobile plants, electronic manufacturing facilities, and food processing plants.
Due to the fierce competition from local Chinese companies and failing to meet customer requirements, ME's revenue dropped significantly. In addition, customers' trust and confidence in the company decreased, and the reputation of the company was damaged.
In light of these developments, the top management of ME decided to implement a quality management system (QMS) based on ISO 9001. After having an effective QMS in place for over a year, they applied for a certification audit.
A team of four auditors was appointed for the audit, including Li Na as the audit team leader. Initially, the audit team conducted a general review of ME's documents, including the quality policy, operational procedures, inventory lists, QMS scope, process documentation, training records, and previous audit reports.
Li Na stated that this would allow the team to maintain a systematic and structured approach to gathering documents for all audit stages. While reviewing the documented information, the team observed some minor issues but did not identify any major nonconformities. Therefore, Li Na claimed that it was not necessary to prepare a report or conduct a meeting with ME's representatives at that stage of the audit. She stated that all areas of concern would be discussed in the next phase of the audit.
Following the on-site activities and the opening meeting with ME's top management, the audit team structured an audit test plan to verify whether ME's QMS conformed to Clause 8.2.1 (Customer Communication) of ISO 9001.
To do so, they gathered information through group interviews and sampling. Li Na conducted interviews with departmental managers in the first group and then with top management. In addition, she chose a sampling method that sufficiently represented customer complaints from both areas of ME' s operations.
The team members were responsible for the sampling procedure. They selected a sample size of 4 out of
45 customer complaints received weekly for electrical services and 2 out of 10 complaints for mechanical services.
Afterward, the audit team evaluated the evidence against the audit criteria and generated the audit findings.
Which stages of the audit were performed?
正解：A
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Understanding Audit Stages Based on ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015
ISO certification audits consist of two main stages:
* Stage 1 Audit (Readiness Review)
* The organization's documented information is reviewed to assess readiness for Stage 2.
* This ensures that the QMS is developed, implemented, and prepared for full assessment.
* Stage 2 Audit (On-Site Evaluation)
* Auditors assess process implementation and effectiveness through interviews, observations, and evidence collection.
* The audit team verifies if the organization meets ISO 9001 requirements in practice.
Why is the Correct Answer B?
* The audit team reviewed ME's documents, which is a Stage 1 activity.
* The audit team performed interviews, sampling, and on-site verification, which is a Stage 2 activity.
* There was no mention of an audit follow-up or a surveillance audit, which occur post-certification.
Why are the Other Options Incorrect?
* A (Audit follow-up and Stage 1 Audit) # Follow-up audits occur after certification, which was not the case here.
* C (Stage 2 Audit and Surveillance Audit) # Surveillance audits are post-certification audits and were not conducted yet.
質問 # 22
Put the following steps of a third-party audit into the correct sequence in which they happen.
正解：
解説：
Explanation:
Sequence:
Stage 1 Audit
Stage 2 Opening Meeting
Interviews
Stage 2 Closing Meeting
Close-out of Stage 2 Audit Findings
Issue Certificate
Surveillance Audit
Follow-up Audit
To complete the sequence, you can drag and drop the options to the appropriate blank section.
Here is a brief explanation of each step:
Stage 1 Audit: This is the initial audit that aims to assess the readiness of the organization for the stage 2 audit. It involves reviewing the documentation of the quality management system, evaluating the scope and objectives of the audit, and identifying any major gaps or nonconformities34.
Stage 2 Opening Meeting: This is the meeting that marks the start of the stage 2 audit. It involves confirming the audit plan, the audit criteria, the audit scope, and the audit team. It also provides an opportunity for the auditee to ask any questions or raise any concerns34.
Interviews: This is the main activity of the stage 2 audit, where the audit team collects evidence by interviewing the personnel involved in the quality management system, observing the processes and activities, and examining the records and documents. The audit team uses various techniques, such as sampling, measurement, analysis, and evaluation, to verify the conformity and effectiveness of the quality management system345.
Stage 2 Closing Meeting: This is the meeting that marks the end of the stage 2 audit. It involves presenting the audit findings, the audit conclusions, and the audit report to the auditee. It also provides an opportunity for the auditee to provide feedback, ask questions, or dispute any findings34.
Close-out of Stage 2 Audit Findings: This is the process of verifying that the auditee has taken appropriate corrective actions to address any nonconformities or opportunities for improvement identified during the stage
2 audit. The audit team may request evidence or conduct a follow-up visit to confirm the effectiveness of the corrective actions34.
Issue Certificate: This is the process of issuing a certificate of conformity to the auditee, if the audit team is satisfied that the quality management system meets the requirements of the standard and that there are no major nonconformities or unresolved issues. The certificate is valid for a specified period, usually three years, and is subject to periodic surveillance audits34.
Surveillance Audit: This is the process of conducting periodic audits, usually once a year, to monitor the continued conformity and effectiveness of the quality management system. It involves reviewing the changes, improvements, and performance of the quality management system, and identifying any new nonconformities or opportunities for improvement34.
Follow-up Audit: This is the process of conducting an additional audit, usually in response to a significant change, a complaint, or a major nonconformity, to verify the impact and the corrective actions taken by the auditee. It may result in the suspension, withdrawal, or renewal of the certificate, depending on the outcome of the audit34.
質問 # 23
ISO 9001 addresses changes through several requirements, two examples of which are Clause 6.3 (Planning of Changes) and Clause 8.5.6 (Control of Changes). How do the requirements of Clause 8.5.6 differ from those of Clause 6.3?
正解：B
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
ISO 9001:2015 recognizes change management as essential for maintaining process integrity and preventing nonconformities.
Clause References:
Clause 6.3 (Planning of Changes) # Focuses on long-term changes that may impact QMS integrity.
Clause 8.5.6 (Control of Changes) # Focuses on changes occurring during production and service provision to ensure conformity.
Why is the Correct Answer A?
Clause 8.5.6 applies specifically to operational changes, ensuring that modifications in production or service processes do not compromise quality.
Organizations must document who approves changes, how they are controlled, and how they affect product
/service conformity.
Why are the Other Options Incorrect?
B (Changes during design and development) # Covered under Clause 8.3 (Design and Development), not
8.5.6.
C (Changes to legal and regulatory requirements) # Addressed under Clause 4.2 (Interested Parties' Requirements).
D (Leadership responsibilities) # Covered under Clause 5.1 (Leadership and Commitment), not 8.5.6.
Reference:
ISO 9001:2015, Clause 6.3 - Planning of Changes
ISO 9001:2015, Clause 8.5.6 - Control of Changes
質問 # 24
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