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NEW QUESTION # 34
(Brett Ryan has been working as a senior DevSecOps engineer in a multinational company that develops web applications. The team leader of the software development team requested Brett to detect insecure JavaScript libraries in the web application code. Brett would like to perform the vulnerability scanning on web application with grunt-retire. Which of the following commands would enable grunt plugin?)
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Grunt, plugins installed via npm must be explicitly loaded in the Gruntfile to make their tasks available.
This is done using the grunt.loadNpmTasks() function, which instructs Grunt to load tasks provided by a specific plugin package. For the grunt-retire plugin, which scans JavaScript libraries for known vulnerabilities, the correct command is grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-retire');. Options that omit the dot notation or use the singular form loadNpmTask are syntactically incorrect and will prevent the plugin from loading.
Enabling grunt-retire during the Code stage allows developers to identify insecure third-party JavaScript libraries early, supporting software composition analysis and reducing the risk of introducing vulnerable dependencies into the application.
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NEW QUESTION # 35
Elias Kova? a DevSecOps engineer at a Zagreb logistics firm, wants his production system to automatically detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting a running application, from within the application process itself, without relying on a separate network appliance. Which control should Elias implement?
Answer: C
Explanation:
RASP is embedded directly within the application runtime and monitors application behavior and data flow in real time, allowing it to detect and block attacks such as SQL injection from inside the process itself as they occur, without depending on an external network device -- precisely matching Elias's requirement. A network firewall operates at the network perimeter, filtering traffic based on IP addresses and ports, and typically lacks the application-context awareness needed to detect SQL injection patterns embedded in legitimate-looking requests. SAST analyzes source code prior to execution and cannot detect or block live runtime attacks. Git branch protection enforces rules around code merges (like requiring reviews) and has no runtime attack detection capability. Because Elias needs in-process, real-time detection and blocking of SQL injection, RASP is correct.
NEW QUESTION # 36
(Craig Kelly has been working as a software development team leader in an IT company over the past 8 years.
His team is working on the development of an Android application product. Sandra Oliver, a DevSecOps engineer, used DAST tools and fuzz testing to perform advanced checks on the Android application product and detected critical and high severity issues. She provided the information about the security issues and the recommendations to mitigate them to Craig's team. Which type of security checks performed by Sandra involve detection of critical and high severity issues using DAST tools and fuzz testing?)
Answer: A
Explanation:
Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) and fuzz testing require a running application in order to actively probe for vulnerabilities such as injection flaws, authentication bypasses, and improper input handling. These techniques are therefore performed after the application has been built and deployed to a testing environment, categorizing them astest-time checks. Commit-time and build-time checks rely primarily on static analysis and dependency scanning and do not exercise application behavior at runtime.
Deploy-time checks focus on configuration validation rather than aggressive attack simulation. Test-time checks are specifically designed to uncover critical and high-severity vulnerabilities by mimicking real-world attack scenarios. Performing DAST and fuzz testing during this stage allows teams to detect exploitable flaws before production release, significantly strengthening application security.
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NEW QUESTION # 37
(Steven Smith has been working as a DevSecOps engineer in an IT company that develops software products related to the financial sector. His team leader asked him to integrate Conjur with Jenkins to secure the secret credentials. Therefore, Steven downloaded Conjur.hpi file and uploaded it in the Upload Plugin section of Jenkins. He declared host and layers, and declared the variables. Which of the following commands should Steven use to set the value of variables?)
Answer: A
Explanation:
In Conjur secret management, variables are first declared in policy files and then populated with actual secret values using the Conjur CLI. The correct command to assign a value to a variable is conjur variable set, where the -i option specifies the fully qualifiedpolicy path of the variable name, and the -v option specifies the secret valueto be stored securely. This command writes the secret into Conjur's encrypted vault and associates it with the declared variable so that Jenkins jobs can retrieve it securely at runtime. The other options misuse flags or reverse their meanings, which would result in invalid commands or incorrect secret handling. Integrating Conjur with Jenkins during the Build and Test stage ensures that sensitive credentials such as passwords, API keys, and tokens are never hard-coded in pipeline scripts or source code. Instead, secrets are dynamically fetched when required, supporting least-privilege access, auditability, and compliance requirements-critical for financial-sector applications.
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NEW QUESTION # 38
(Debra Aniston has recently joined an MNC company as a DevSecOps engineer. Her organization develops various types of software products and web applications. The DevSecOps team leader provided an application code and asked Debra to detect and mitigate security issues. Debra used w3af tool and detected cross-site scripting and SQL injection vulnerability in the source code. Based on this information, which category of security testing tools is represented by w3af?.)
Answer: B
Explanation:
w3af (Web Application Attack and Audit Framework) is aDynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) tool. It analyzes running web applications by sending crafted requests and observing responses to identify vulnerabilities such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting, and authentication flaws. Unlike SAST tools, w3af does not require access to source code and instead operates externally, simulating real-world attack behavior.
SCA focuses on third-party dependencies, and IAST requires runtime instrumentation within the application.
Since Debra detected vulnerabilities by actively interacting with the application, w3af clearly represents DAST. DAST tools are especially valuable during the Build and Test stage, as they validate application behavior from an attacker's perspective before deployment.
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NEW QUESTION # 39
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