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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| System Hacking | 8% | - Maintaining Access - Privilege Escalation - Gaining Access: Password Attacks - Clearing Tracks & Logs |
| Vulnerability Analysis | 8% | - Vulnerability Research & Databases - Vulnerability Classification & Scoring - Scanning & Analysis Tools - Vulnerability Assessment Lifecycle |
| Introduction to Ethical Hacking | 5% | - Information Security Concepts - Legal and Ethical Compliance - Cyber Kill Chain & MITRE ATT&CK - Ethical Hacking Methodology |
| IoT & OT Security | 4% | - IoT/OT Architecture & Risks - Attacks on IoT & OT Systems - Security Controls |
| Social Engineering | 6% | - Identity Theft - Phishing, Pretexting, Baiting - Countermeasures & Awareness - Social Engineering Concepts |
| Cryptography | 5% | - Public Key Infrastructure - Cryptography in Practice - Cryptanalysis & Attacks - Encryption Concepts & Algorithms |
| Footprinting and Reconnaissance | 7% | - OSINT Techniques - DNS, WHOIS, Network Mapping - Reconnaissance Countermeasures - Reconnaissance Concepts |
| Enumeration | 7% | - Enumeration Countermeasures - DNS, SMTP, NFS Enumeration - Enumeration Concepts - NetBIOS, SNMP, LDAP Enumeration - AI-Driven Enumeration |
| Evading IDS, Firewalls, and Honeypots | 5% | - IDS, IPS, Firewall Technologies - Honeypot Concepts & Detection - Evasion Techniques |
| Scanning Networks | 8% | - Service & OS Fingerprinting - AI-Assisted Scanning - Scanning Beyond IDS/Firewall - Scanning Countermeasures - Host & Port Discovery - Network Scanning Basics |
| Web Server & Application Attacks | 8% | - SQL Injection & Command Injection - Web Server Vulnerabilities - Web Application Attacks: XSS, CSRF - API Security Risks - Web Security Countermeasures |
| Sniffing | 5% | - Sniffing Countermeasures - MITM Attacks - Sniffing Tools & Techniques - Packet Sniffing Concepts |
| Wireless Networks | 5% | - Wireless Threats & Attacks - Wireless Encryption: WEP, WPA2, WPA3 - Security Best Practices - Wireless Hacking Tools |
| Session Hijacking | 4% | - Countermeasures - Session Hijacking Concepts - Application & Network Level Hijacking - Hijacking Techniques |
| Cloud Computing | 5% | - Cloud Security Best Practices - AWS, Azure, GCP Attacks - Cloud Security Risks - Cloud Models & Services |
| Malware Threats | 7% | - AI-Powered Malware - APT & Fileless Malware - Malware Types: Trojans, Viruses, Worms - Malware Analysis & Countermeasures |
| Mobile Platforms | 4% | - Android & iOS Vulnerabilities - Mobile Attack Vectors - Mobile Device Security |
| Denial-of-Service | 4% | - DDoS Tools - DoS & DDoS Concepts - Attack Techniques & Botnets - Defense Mechanisms |
>> 312-50v13 Exam Questions Answers <<
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NEW QUESTION # 348
Peter, a system administrator working at a reputed IT firm, decided to work from his home and login remotely. Later, he anticipated that the remote connection could be exposed to session hijacking. To curb this possibility, he implemented a technique that creates a safe and encrypted tunnel over a public network to securely send and receive sensitive information and prevent hackers from decrypting the data flow between the endpoints. What is the technique followed by Peter to send files securely through a remote connection?
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 349
Under the neon glow of Seattle's skyline, ethical hacker Elena Vasquez slips into her role as a cybersecurity consultant for Cascade Financial's online banking platform. Tasked with probing the web server's defenses, Elena simulates a series of rapid login attempts to the admin portal. She notes that the system allows unlimited tries without locking the account, exposing a gap that could invite relentless password guessing attacks. Determined to shield the bank's assets, Elena drafts a recommendation to fortify the server's authentication process against such threats. What countermeasure should Elena recommend to strengthen Cascade Financial's web server against the vulnerability she identified?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The vulnerability is unlimited login attempts, which enables automated password guessing.
Implementing CAPTCHA introduces a challenge that prevents automated scripts from repeatedly submitting login attempts, effectively mitigating brute-force attacks without relying on account lockout alone.
NEW QUESTION # 350
Under the neon glow of Seattle's skyline, ethical hacker Elena Vasquez slips into her role as a cybersecurity consultant for Cascade Financial's online banking platform. Tasked with probing the web server's defenses, Elena simulates a series of rapid login attempts to the admin portal. She notes that the system allows unlimited tries without locking the account, exposing a gap that could invite relentless password-guessing attacks. Determined to safeguard the bank's assets, Elena drafts a recommendation to fortify the server's authentication process against such threats.
What countermeasure should Elena recommend to strengthen Cascade Financial's web server against the vulnerability identified?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The weakness described is a classic online password-guessing condition: the application permits unlimited authentication attempts without any throttling, lockout, or challenge mechanism. In CEH guidance, this exposure enables brute-force attacks and automated credential stuffing, where attackers rapidly test many passwords or reused credential pairs until successful. A practical and commonly recommended control at the web application layer is adding CAPTCHA challenges to the login workflow, especially after a small number of failed attempts or when anomalous behavior is detected. CAPTCHA increases the cost of automation by forcing human interaction, directly disrupting high-speed scripted guessing against the admin portal.
While implementing MFA is an excellent additional safeguard and is strongly encouraged for privileged access, the question asks for the best countermeasure to address the specific issue of unlimited rapid attempts.
CAPTCHA is a direct mitigation for automated login abuse, and CEH commonly pairs it with rate limiting, progressive delays, and account lockout policies. Periodic password changes do not prevent an attacker from guessing a password today, and CEH materials note that forced rotation can even reduce security if it drives predictable password patterns. Strong password hashing such as bcrypt, scrypt, or Argon2 is critical for protecting stored passwords if a database is compromised, but it does not stop online guessing against the login form itself. Therefore, the most fitting countermeasure for the identified vulnerability is using CAPTCHA challenges on login and registration pages, ideally combined with throttling and lockout for stronger defense in depth
NEW QUESTION # 351
A malicious user has acquired a Ticket Granting Service from the domain controller using a valid user's Ticket Granting Ticket in a Kerberoasting attack. He exhorted the TGS tickets from memory for offline cracking. But the attacker was stopped before he could complete his attack. The system administrator needs to investigate and remediate the potential breach. What should be the immediate step the system administrator takes?
Answer: A
Explanation:
A Kerberoasting attack is a technique that exploits the Kerberos authentication protocol to obtain the password hash of a service account that has a Service Principal Name (SPN). An attacker can request a service ticket (TGS) for the SPN using a valid user's ticket (TGT) and then attempt to crack the password hash offline. To prevent the attacker from using the TGS to access the service, the system administrator should invalidate the TGS as soon as possible. This can be done by changing the password of the service account, which will generate a new password hash and render the old TGS useless. Alternatively, the system administrator can use tools like Mimikatz to purge the TGS from the memory of the domain controller or the client system. Performing a system reboot, deleting the compromised user's account, or changing the NTLM password hash used to encrypt the ST are not effective ways to invalidate the TGS, as they do not affect the encryption of the TGS or the validity of the TGT. References:
EC-Council CEHv13 Courseware Module 11: Hacking Webservers, page 11-24
What is a Kerberoasting Attack? - CrowdStrike
How to Perform Kerberoasting Attacks: The Ultimate Guide - StationX
NEW QUESTION # 352
In the context of password security, a simple dictionary attack involves loading a dictionary file into a cracking application such as L0phtCrack or John the Ripper. The brute force method is slow but exhaustive. If you use both brute force and dictionary methods combined to vary words, what would you call such an attack?
Answer: D
Explanation:
A hybrid attack combines the benefits of both dictionary and brute-force attacks. It takes words from a dictionary and applies modifications such as:
* Appending or prepending numbers or symbols
* Changing case (e.g., admin # Admin1!)
* Leetspeak substitutions (e.g., p@ssw0rd)
From CEH v13 Official Courseware:
* Module 6: Malware Threats
* Topic: Password Cracking Methods
CEH v13 Study Guide states:
"A hybrid attack is a combination of dictionary and brute-force techniques. It takes dictionary words and mutates them to cover common variations, making it more effective than pure dictionary attacks." Incorrect Options:
* A/B/D: These are not standard terminology in cryptographic or password auditing literature.
Reference:CEH v13 Study Guide - Module 6: Hybrid Attack TechniquesOWASP Password Attack Cheat Sheet
NEW QUESTION # 353
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