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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Audit Lifecycle and Competencies of the Lead Auditor | 25% | - Leading an audit team - Managing audit relationships with audited parties - Audit follow-up and corrective action verification - Conflict resolution during audits - Audit communication strategies |
| Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) and the ISO/IEC 27001 Standard | 15% | - Overview of ISO/IEC 27001 and its relationship with ISO/IEC 27002 - Fundamental principles and concepts of information security - Regulatory and legal considerations in information security |
| Certification and Accreditation Framework | 15% | - Certification decision process - Principles of certification bodies - ISO/IEC 17021-1 requirements for certification bodies - Audit report preparation and documentation - Surveillance and re-certification audits |
| Audit Principles and Audit Process | 20% | - Audit sampling methodology - Audit evidence collection techniques - Risk-based audit approach - Audit scope and objectives - Audit types and stages ( initiation, planning, execution, reporting) |
| ISMS Audit Based on ISO 19011 and ISO/IEC 17021-1 | 25% | - Auditing the context of the organization - Auditing risk assessment and treatment processes - Measuring, monitoring, and reporting ISMS performance - Auditing control selection and implementation (Annex A) - Continual improvement processes - Auditing leadership commitment - Auditing organizational structure and roles |
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NEW QUESTION # 283
您是 ISMS 審計團隊負責人，負責在客戶的資料中心進行後續審計。
現場兩天后，您得出結論，在促使進行後續審核的最初 12 項輕微不符合項和 1 項重大不符合項中，只有 1 項輕微不符合項仍未解決。
選擇您可以採取的動作的四個選項。
Answer: C,E,G,H
Explanation:
According to ISO 19011:2018, which provides guidelines for auditing management systems, clause 6.7 requires the audit team leader to conduct a follow-up audit to verify the implementation and effectiveness of the corrective actions taken by the auditee in response to the nonconformities identified during a previous audit1. The follow-up audit should be conducted in accordance with the same principles and processes as the initial audit, and should result in a conclusion on the status of the nonconformities and any remaining issues1. Therefore, when conducting a follow-up audit, an ISMS auditor should consider the following actions:
Recommend that the outstanding minor nonconformity is dealt with at the next surveillance audit: This action is appropriate because it reflects the fact that the auditee has cleared most of the nonconformities, including the major one, and only one minor nonconformity remains outstanding. A minor nonconformity is defined as a failure to achieve one or more requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 or a situation which raises significant doubt about the ability of an ISMS process to achieve its intended output, but does not affect its overall effectiveness or conformity2. Therefore, this finding does not prevent or preclude the continuation of certification, as long as it is addressed by appropriate corrective actions within a reasonable time frame. The auditor should recommend that the outstanding minor nonconformity is dealt with at the next surveillance audit, which is a regular audit conducted by the certification body to confirm the ongoing conformity and effectiveness of an ISMS3.
Agree with the auditee/audit client how the remaining nonconformity will be cleared, by when, and how its clearance will be verified: This action is appropriate because it reflects the fact that the auditee has demonstrated commitment and capability to implement corrective actions for the nonconformities identified during the previous audit. The auditor should agree with the auditee/audit client on a realistic, achievable, and effective corrective action plan for the remaining nonconformity, including a clear deadline and verification method. The auditor should also document this agreement in the follow-up audit report1.
Advise the individual managing the audit programme of any decision taken regarding the outstanding nonconformity: This action is appropriate because it reflects the fact that the auditor has followed a systematic and consistent approach to conducting and reporting the follow-up audit. The auditor should advise the individual managing the audit programme of any decision taken regarding the outstanding nonconformity, such as recommending its closure at the next surveillance audit or agreeing on a corrective action plan with the auditee/audit client. The auditor should also provide sufficient information and evidence to support their decision1.
Close the follow-up audit as the organisation has demonstrated it is committed to clearing the nonconformities raised: This action is appropriate because it reflects the fact that the organisation has achieved satisfactory results in the follow-up audit. The auditor should close the follow-up audit as the organisation has demonstrated it is committed to clearing the nonconformities raised by implementing effective corrective actions for most of them and agreeing on a plan for the remaining one. The auditor should also communicate the follow-up audit conclusion to the auditee/audit client and other relevant parties1.
NEW QUESTION # 284
問題：
下列哪一種情況構成威脅？
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* C. Correct Answer - This is a Threat. A cyberattack exploiting a zero-day vulnerability is an active security threat, as it causes harm to the organization.
* A. Employee accessing unauthorized files is a vulnerability (insider risk) rather than an external threat.
* B. Lack of MFA is a security weakness (vulnerability), not a threat.
This aligns with ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A Control A.8.25 (Assessment and Decision on Information Security Events).
NEW QUESTION # 285
管理審核計畫的個人負責下列哪兩項行動？
Answer: A,E
Explanation:
Establishing the audit programme objectives, scope and criteria
Determining the resources necessary for the audit programme, such as the audit team members, the budget, the time, the tools, etc.
Selecting and appointing the audit team leaders and auditors
Reviewing and approving the audit plans and arrangements
Ensuring the effective communication and coordination among the audit programme stakeholders, such as the auditors, the auditees, the certification bodies, the accreditation bodies, etc.
Keeping informed the accreditation body on the progress of the audit programme, especially in case of any significant changes, issues, or nonconformities Monitoring and reviewing the performance and results of the audit programme and the audit teams Evaluating the feedback and satisfaction of the auditees and other interested parties Identifying and implementing the opportunities for improvement of the audit programme The individual(s) managing the audit programme are not responsible for the following tasks, which are delegated to the audit team leaders or the auditors12:
Communicating with the auditee during the audit, such as conducting the opening and closing meetings, resolving any audit-related problems, reporting any audit findings, etc.
Determining the legal requirements applicable to each audit, such as the confidentiality, the impartiality, the consent, the liability, etc.
Defining the objectives, scope and criteria for an individual audit, which are derived from the audit programme and agreed with the auditee Defining the plan of an individual audit, which includes the audit schedule, the audit activities, the audit methods, the audit documents, etc.
Reference:
ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems
PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, pages 19-20
NEW QUESTION # 286
請選擇兩項描述使用清單的優勢的選項。
* 每次審計都使用同一份檢查清單，沒有進行任何審核
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
A checklist is a tool that helps auditors to collect and verify information relevant to the audit objectives and scope. It can provide the following advantages:
* Ensuring relevant audit trails are followed: A checklist can help auditors to identify and trace the sources of evidence that support the conformity or nonconformity of the audited criteria. It can also help auditors to avoid missing or overlooking any important aspects of the audit.
* Ensuring the audit plan is implemented: A checklist can help auditors to follow and fulfil the audit plan, which describes the arrangements and details of the audit, such as the objectives, scope, criteria, schedule, roles, and responsibilities. It can also help auditors to manage their time and resources effectively and efficiently.
The other options are not advantages of using a checklist, but rather:
* Using the same checklist for every audit without review: This is a disadvantage of using a checklist, as it can lead to a rigid and ineffective audit approach. A checklist should be tailored and adapted to each specific audit, taking into account the context, risks, and changes of the auditee and the audit criteria. A checklist should also be reviewed and updated periodically to ensure its validity and relevance.
* Restricting interviews to nominated parties: This is a disadvantage of using a checklist, as it can limit the scope and depth of the audit. A checklist should not prevent auditors from interviewing other relevant parties or sources of information that may provide valuable evidence or insights for the audit.
A checklist should be used as a guide, not as a constraint.
* Reducing audit duration: This is not necessarily an advantage of using a checklist, as it depends on various factors, such as the complexity, size, and maturity of the auditee's ISMS, the availability and quality of evidence, the competence and experience of the auditors, and the level of cooperation and communication between the auditors and the auditee. A checklist may help reduce audit duration by improving efficiency and organization, but it may also increase audit duration by requiring more evidence or verification.
* Not varying from the checklist when necessary: This is a disadvantage of using a checklist, as it can result in a superficial or incomplete audit. A checklist should not prevent auditors from exploring or investigating any issues or concerns that arise during the audit, even if they are not included in the checklist. A checklist should be used as a support, not as a substitute.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) objectives and content from Quality.org and PECB ISO 19011:2018 Guidelines for auditing management systems [Section 6.2.2]
NEW QUESTION # 287
下列哪兩個短語適用於「審計目標」？
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
The audit objectives are the purpose and scope of an audit, as defined by the audit client and the auditor. According to the ISO/IEC 27001 standard, the audit objectives for an ISMS audit may include determining the extent of conformity of the ISMS with the audit criteria, evaluating the ability of the ISMS to ensure the organization meets its information security objectives, and identifying potential areas for improvement of the ISMS12. References: = 1: PECB Candidate Handbook - ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 192: ISO/IEC 27007:2011 Information technology - Security techniques - Guidelines for information security management systems auditing, clause 4.2.1.
NEW QUESTION # 288
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