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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Data Center Network Planning and Deployment | 30% | - Network deployment and provisioning
- CloudFabric solution architecture
|
| Virtualization Technology Principles and Applications | 20% | - Server and network virtualization basics - Huawei FusionCompute platform
|
| VXLAN Technology Principles and Applications | 25% | - VXLAN fundamentals and evolution - VXLAN deployment and configuration - EVPN control plane technology |
| Data Center Network Operation and Maintenance | 25% | - Automated O&M and programmability - Monitoring and troubleshooting - Intelligent O&M solutions
|
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質問 # 72
Which of the following statements is false about M-LAG deployment?
正解：C
質問 # 73
In an M-LAG, two CE series switches send M-LAG synchronization packets through the peer-link to synchronize information with each other in real time. Which of the following entries need to be included in the M-LAG synchronization packets to ensure that traffic forwarding is not affected if either device fails? (Select All that Apply)
正解：B、D
解説：
Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation Group (M-LAG) is a high-availability technology on Huawei CloudEngine (CE) series switches, where two switches appear as a single logical device to downstream devices. The peer-link between the M-LAG peers synchronizes critical information to ensure seamless failover if one device fails. Let's evaluate the entries:
A . MAC Address Entries: MAC address tables map device MACs to ports. In M-LAG, synchronizing MAC entries ensures that both switches know the location of connected devices. If one switch fails, the surviving switch can forward Layer 2 traffic without relearning MAC addresses, preventing disruptions. Required.
B . Routing Entries: Routing entries (e.g., OSPF or BGP routes) are maintained at Layer 3 and typically synchronized via routing protocols, not M-LAG peer-link packets. M-LAG operates at Layer 2, and while Layer 3 can be overlaid (e.g., with VXLAN), routing table synchronization is not a standard M-LAG requirement. Not Required.
C . IGMP Entries: IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) entries track multicast group memberships. While useful for multicast traffic, they are not critical for basic unicast traffic forwarding in M-LAG failover scenarios. Huawei documentation indicates IGMP synchronization is optional and context-specific, not mandatory for general traffic continuity. Not Required.
D . ARP Entries: ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) entries map IP addresses to MAC addresses, crucial for Layer 2/Layer 3 communication. Synchronizing ARP entries ensures the surviving switch can resolve IP-to-MAC mappings post-failover, avoiding ARP flooding or traffic loss. Required.
Thus, A (MAC address entries) and D (ARP entries) are essential for M-LAG synchronization to maintain traffic forwarding during failover, per Huawei CE switch M-LAG design.
質問 # 74
To allow access to a VXLAN network, you need to configure service access points on devices. There are two access modes: Layer ? sub-interface and binding. (Enter the acronym in uppercase letters.)
正解：
解説：
3
Explanation:
VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) is a network overlay technology that extends Layer 2 networks over a Layer 3 underlay, commonly implemented in Huawei's CloudFabric data center solutions. To enable access to a VXLAN network, service access points (e.g., interfaces or sub-interfaces) must be configured on devices such as switches or routers acting as VXLAN Tunnel Endpoints (VTEPs). The question mentions two access modes: "Layer ? sub-interface" and "binding," with the task to fill in the layer acronym in uppercase letters.
Context Analysis: The missing layer is indicated by a "?" and is part of a sub-interface configuration. In networking, sub-interfaces are typically associated with Layer 3 (e.g., for VLAN tagging or VXLAN integration), where they handle IP routing or mapping to overlay networks.
Access Modes:
Layer 3 Sub-Interface: This mode involves configuring a sub-interface on a Layer 3 device (e.g., a router or Layer 3 switch) to terminate VXLAN tunnels and perform routing. The sub-interface is associated with a VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier) and often uses a Layer 3 protocol (e.g., BGP EVPN) to connect to the VXLAN overlay.
Binding: This likely refers to binding a VNI to a Bridge Domain (BD) or interface, a common practice in Huawei's VXLAN configuration to map the overlay network to a physical or logical port. This can occur at Layer 2 or Layer 3, but the sub-interface context suggests Layer 3 involvement.
The question's structure implies the layer number for the sub-interface mode, which is Layer 3 in VXLAN contexts for routing and gateway functions. Thus, the acronym (digit) to enter is 3.
質問 # 75
M-LAG configuration consistency check classifies device configurations into key configurations (Type 1) and common configurations (Type 2). This check can be performed in strict or loose mode based on the processing mode when key configurations are inconsistent. Which of the following statements is false about M-LAG configuration consistency check?
正解：D
解説：
To identify the false statement, we evaluate each option based on standard M-LAG documentation, such as Huawei's and Arista's guidelines, which are commonly referenced in HCIP-Data Center Network training.
Option A: In loose mode, if Type 1 configurations of the two M-LAG member devices are inconsistent, the member interface on the M-LAG backup device is in Error-Down state and an alarm is generated, indicating that Type 1 configurations on the two devices are inconsistent.
Evaluation: This statement is true. In loose mode, inconsistencies in Type 1 (key) configurations are still critical, as they can affect M-LAG operation. According to Huawei M-LAG Configuration Guide, when Type 1 configurations are inconsistent in loose mode, the system may place the member interface on the backup device into an Error-Down state and generate an alarm to alert administrators. This ensures that critical issues are flagged, even in loose mode, to prevent loops or packet loss.
Conclusion: True.
Option B: If Type 1 configurations of the two M-LAG member devices are inconsistent, certain problems may occur, such as loops and long-period packet loss when the status is normal.
Evaluation: This statement is true. Type 1 configurations are essential for M-LAG operation, and inconsistencies can lead to severe network issues. For example, mismatched LACP settings or VLAN mappings can create loops or cause packet loss, as noted in Arista M-LAG Documentation. These problems can persist even when the system appears normal, making consistency checks critical for troubleshooting and O&M.
Conclusion: True.
Option C: If Type 2 configurations of the two M-LAG member devices are inconsistent, the M-LAG running status may be abnormal. Compared with Type 1 configuration problems, Type 2 configuration problems are more likely to be detected and have less impact on the network.
Evaluation: This statement is true. Type 2 (common) configurations, such as QoS or STP settings, are less critical but can still affect network performance. According to Huawei M-LAG Best Practices, Type 2 inconsistencies are often detected during consistency checks but have a lower impact on M-LAG operation compared to Type 1 issues. They are also more likely to be flagged during monitoring, as they are less severe and easier to resolve.
Conclusion: True.
Option D: If Type 2 configurations of the two M-LAG member devices are inconsistent, an alarm that indicates key and common configuration inconsistencies is generated.
Evaluation: This statement is false. While Type 2 (common) configuration inconsistencies are detected during consistency checks, they do not typically trigger alarms, especially alarms that specifically indicate both key and common configuration inconsistencies. According to Huawei M-LAG Configuration Guide and Arista M-LAG Documentation, Type 2 inconsistencies may be logged or reported in system logs but are not severe enough to generate critical alarms unless they significantly impact network operation. Alarms are more commonly associated with Type 1 (key) configuration inconsistencies, as they pose a higher risk to M-LAG functionality.
Conclusion: False.
質問 # 76
VXLAN is a network virtualization technology that uses MAC-in-UDP encapsulation. What is the destination port number used during UDP encapsulation?
正解：D
質問 # 77
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