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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Data Store Management | 26% | - Optimize storage performance and cost - Select appropriate data storage solutions |
| Data Ingestion and Transformation | 34% | - Ingest and transform data using AWS services - Build and manage data pipelines |
| Data Operations and Support | 22% | - Monitor and maintain data pipelines - Troubleshoot data workflow issues |
| Data Security and Governance | 18% | - Apply governance and compliance best practices - Implement data security controls |
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NEW QUESTION # 204
A company wants to analyze sales records that the company stores in a MySQL database. The company wants to correlate the records with sales opportunities identified by Salesforce.
The company receives 2 GB erf sales records every day. The company has 100 GB of identified sales opportunities. A data engineer needs to develop a process that will analyze and correlate sales records and sales opportunities. The process must run once each night.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Problem Analysis:
The company processes 2 GB of daily sales records and 100 GB of Salesforce sales opportunities.
The goal is to analyze and correlate the two datasets with low operational overhead.
The process must run once nightly.
Key Considerations:
Amazon AppFlow simplifies data integration with Salesforce.
AWS Glue can extract data from MySQL and perform ETL operations.
Step Functions can orchestrate workflows with minimal manual intervention.
Apache Airflow and Flink add complexity, which conflicts with the requirement for low operational overhead.
Solution Analysis:
Option A: MWAA + Lambda + Step Functions
Requires custom Lambda code for dataset correlation, increasing development and operational complexity.
Option B: AppFlow + Glue + MWAA
MWAA adds orchestration overhead compared to the simpler Step Functions.
Option C: AppFlow + Glue + Step Functions
AppFlow fetches Salesforce data, Glue extracts MySQL data, and Step Functions orchestrate the entire process.
Minimal setup and operational overhead, making it the best choice.
Option D: AppFlow + Kinesis + Flink + Step Functions
Using Kinesis and Flink for batch processing introduces unnecessary complexity.
Final Recommendation:
Use Amazon AppFlow to fetch Salesforce data, AWS Glue to process MySQL data, and Step Functions for orchestration.
Reference:
Amazon AppFlow Overview
AWS Glue ETL Documentation
AWS Step Functions
NEW QUESTION # 205
A financial company wants to implement a data mesh. The data mesh must support centralized data governance, data analysis, and data access control. The company has decided to use AWS Glue for data catalogs and extract, transform, and load (ETL) operations.
Which combination of AWS services will implement a data mesh? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,E
Explanation:
A data mesh is an architectural framework that organizes data into domains and treats data as products that are owned and offered for consumption by different teams1. A data mesh requires a centralized layer for data governance and access control, as well as a distributed layer for data storage and analysis. AWS Glue can provide data catalogs and ETL operations for the data mesh, but it cannot provide data governance and access control by itself2. Therefore, the company needs to use another AWS service for this purpose. AWS Lake Formation is a service that allows you to create, secure, and manage data lakes on AWS3. It integrates with AWS Glue and other AWS services to provide centralized data governance and access control for the data mesh. Therefore, option E is correct.
For data storage and analysis, the company can choose from different AWS services depending on their needs and preferences. However, one of the benefits of a data mesh is that it enables data to be stored and processed in a decoupled and scalable way1. Therefore, using serverless or managed services that can handle large volumes and varieties of data is preferable. Amazon S3 is a highly scalable, durable, and secure object storage service that can store any type of data. Amazon Athena is a serverless interactive query service that can analyze data in Amazon S3 using standard SQL. Therefore, option B is a good choice for data storage and analysis in a data mesh. Option A, C, and D are not optimal because they either use relational databases that are not suitable for storing diverse and unstructured data, or they require more management and provisioning than serverless services. References:
1: What is a Data Mesh? - Data Mesh Architecture Explained - AWS
2: AWS Glue - Developer Guide
3: AWS Lake Formation - Features
[4]: Design a data mesh architecture using AWS Lake Formation and AWS Glue
[5]: Amazon S3 - Features
[6]: Amazon Athena - Features
NEW QUESTION # 206
A data engineer needs to analyze time-sensitive sales data. The company stores the data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The data engineer uses AWS Glue Data Catalog to access the data.
When performing the analysis, the data engineer notices that some records are missing or out of date.
What is the likely cause of these issues?
Answer: C
Explanation:
AWS Glue Data Catalog stores metadata about data stored in Amazon S3, including table schemas and partitions. If new partitions are added to S3 and the Glue Data Catalog is not updated-either through crawlers or explicit API calls-query engines such as Amazon Athena and AWS Glue will not be aware of the new data.
This leads to analysis results that appear incomplete or outdated, even though the underlying data exists in S3.
This is a common issue in time-sensitive analytics workloads where data arrives frequently and partitions change often.
IAM permission issues would typically cause access failures rather than missing records. S3 versioning affects object history, not query visibility. Overlapping Glue job schedules could cause processing delays but would not directly cause missing data during query time.
Therefore, the most likely cause is that the Glue Data Catalog metadata is not synchronized with the latest S3 partitions.
NEW QUESTION # 207
A company wants to build a dimension table in an Amazon S3 bucket. The bucket contains historical data that includes 10 million records. The historical data is 1 TB in size.
A data engineer needs a solution to update changes for up to 10,000 records in the base table every day.
Which solution will meet this requirement with the LOWEST runtime?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Option D provides the lowest runtime because it uses a table format designed for efficient incremental upserts on Amazon S3, rather than repeatedly scanning and rewriting large portions of a 1 TB dataset.
Although Spark on its own (Options A and C) can perform joins/merges, updating files stored in S3 typically requires expensive rewrites, especially as data grows. By contrast, Apache Hudi is purpose-built for maintaining large datasets on object storage with incremental updates, which directly fits "update up to
10,000 records every day" without reprocessing the full historical footprint.
For the compute layer, the document highlights that Amazon EMR provides a fully managed environment for running Apache Spark and other big data frameworks to process and analyze large datasets, making it appropriate for high-scale processing where performance matters. This is a better fit than using Pandas on 1 TB (Option B), which is not designed for distributed processing at that scale.
Therefore, combining EMR + Spark with an incremental storage framework (Hudi) is the most runtime-efficient approach for daily record-level updates on S3.
NEW QUESTION # 208
A financial company recently added more features to its mobile app. The new features required the company to create a new topic in an existing Amazon Managed Streaming for Apache Kafka (Amazon MSK) cluster.
A few days after the company added the new topic, Amazon CloudWatch raised an alarm on the RootDiskUsed metric for the MSK cluster.
How should the company address the CloudWatch alarm?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The RootDiskUsed metric for the MSK cluster indicates that the storage on the broker is reaching its capacity. The best solution is to expand the storage of the MSK broker and enable automatic storage expansion to prevent future alarms.
Expand MSK Broker Storage:
AWS Managed Streaming for Apache Kafka (MSK) allows you to expand the broker storage to accommodate growing data volumes. Additionally, auto-expansion of storage can be configured to ensure that storage grows automatically as the data increases.
Reference:
Alternatives Considered:
B (Expand Zookeeper storage): Zookeeper is responsible for managing Kafka metadata and not for storing data, so increasing Zookeeper storage won't resolve the root disk issue.
C (Update instance type): Changing the instance type would increase computational resources but not directly address the storage problem.
D (Target-Volume-in-GiB): This parameter is irrelevant for the existing topic and will not solve the storage issue.
Amazon MSK Storage Auto Scaling
NEW QUESTION # 209
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