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Microsoft GH-500 Exam Syllabus Topics:

TopicDetails
Topic 1
  • Configure and use Code Scanning with CodeQL: This domain measures skills of Application Security Analysts and DevSecOps Engineers in code scanning using both CodeQL and third-party tools. It covers enabling code scanning, the role of code scanning in the development lifecycle, differences between enabling CodeQL versus third-party analysis, implementing CodeQL in GitHub Actions workflows versus other CI tools, uploading SARIF results, configuring workflow frequency and triggering events, editing workflow templates for active repositories, viewing CodeQL scan results, troubleshooting workflow failures and customizing configurations, analyzing data flows through code, interpreting code scanning alerts with linked documentation, deciding when to dismiss alerts, understanding CodeQL limitations related to compilation and language support, and defining SARIF categories.
Topic 2
  • Configure and use secret scanning: This domain targets DevOps Engineers and Security Analysts with the skills to configure and manage secret scanning. It includes understanding what secret scanning is and its push protection capability to prevent secret leaks. Candidates differentiate secret scanning availability in public versus private repositories, enable scanning in private repos, and learn how to respond appropriately to alerts. The domain covers alert generation criteria for secrets, user role-based alert visibility and notification, customizing default scanning behavior, assigning alert recipients beyond admins, excluding files from scans, and enabling custom secret scanning within repositories.
Topic 3
  • Describe the GHAS security features and functionality: This section of the exam measures skills of Security Engineers and Software Developers and covers understanding the role of GitHub Advanced Security (GHAS) features within the overall security ecosystem. Candidates learn to differentiate security features available automatically for open source projects versus those unlocked when GHAS is paired with GitHub Enterprise Cloud (GHEC) or GitHub Enterprise Server (GHES). The domain includes knowledge of Security Overview dashboards, the distinctions between secret scanning and code scanning, and how secret scanning, code scanning, and Dependabot work together to secure the software development lifecycle. It also covers scenarios contrasting isolated security reviews with integrated security throughout the development lifecycle, how vulnerable dependencies are detected using manifests and vulnerability databases, appropriate responses to alerts, the risks of ignoring alerts, developer responsibilities for alerts, access management for viewing alerts, and the placement of Dependabot alerts in the development process.
Topic 4
  • Configure and use Dependabot and Dependency Review: Focused on Software Engineers and Vulnerability Management Specialists, this section describes tools for managing vulnerabilities in dependencies. Candidates learn about the dependency graph and how it is generated, the concept and format of the Software Bill of Materials (SBOM), definitions of dependency vulnerabilities, Dependabot alerts and security updates, and Dependency Review functionality. It covers how alerts are generated based on the dependency graph and GitHub Advisory Database, differences between Dependabot and Dependency Review, enabling and configuring these tools in private repositories and organizations, default alert settings, required permissions, creating Dependabot configuration files and rules to auto-dismiss alerts, setting up Dependency Review workflows including license checks and severity thresholds, configuring notifications, identifying vulnerabilities from alerts and pull requests, enabling security updates, and taking remediation actions including testing and merging pull requests.
Topic 5
  • Describe GitHub Advanced Security best practices, results, and how to take corrective measures: This section evaluates skills of Security Managers and Development Team Leads in effectively handling GHAS results and applying best practices. It includes using Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) and Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) identifiers to describe alerts and suggest remediation, decision-making processes for closing or dismissing alerts including documentation and data-based decisions, understanding default CodeQL query suites, how CodeQL analyzes compiled versus interpreted languages, the roles and responsibilities of development and security teams in workflows, adjusting severity thresholds for code scanning pull request status checks, prioritizing secret scanning remediation with filters, enforcing CodeQL and Dependency Review workflows via repository rulesets, and configuring code scanning, secret scanning, and dependency analysis to detect and remediate vulnerabilities earlier in the development lifecycle, such as during pull requests or by enabling push protection.

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Microsoft GitHub Advanced Security Sample Questions (Q86-Q91):

NEW QUESTION # 86
After defining a secret scanning custom pattern, what is the final step before publishing the pattern?

Answer: A

Explanation:
Defining a custom pattern for a repository [See step 6 below]
Before defining a custom pattern, you must ensure that Secret Protection is enabled on your repository.
1. On GitHub, navigate to the main page of the repository.
2. Under your repository name, click Settings. If you cannot see the "Settings" tab, select the dropdown menu, then click Settings.
3. In the "Security" section of the sidebar, click Advanced Security.
4. Under "Secret Protection", to the right of "Custom patterns", click New pattern.
5. Enter the details for your new custom pattern. You must at least provide the name for your pattern, and a regular expression for the format of your secret pattern.
*-> 6. When you're ready to test your new custom pattern, to identify matches in the repository without creating alerts, click Save and dry run.
7. When the dry run finishes, you'll see a sample of results (up to 1000). Review the results and identify any false positive results.

8. Edit the new custom pattern to fix any problems with the results, then, to test your changes, click Save and dry run.
9. When you're satisfied with your new custom pattern, click Publish pattern.
10. Optionally, to enable push protection for your custom pattern, click Enable.


NEW QUESTION # 87
Drag and Drop Question
You have a GitHub Enterprise Server instance named Server1 that contains multiple private repositories across six organizations. Server1 uses GitHub Advanced Security.
You need to enable code scanning on Server1. The solution must ensure that the organizations can enable code scanning at the organization or repository level.
Which three commands should you run in sequence? To answer, move the appropriate commands from the list of commands to the answer area and arrange them in the correct order.
NOTE: More than one order of answer choices is correct. You will receive credit for any of the correct orders you select.

Answer:

Explanation:

Explanation:
To enable code scanning on a GitHub Enterprise Server instance while allowing individual organizations to manage it at their own discretion, the following three commands must be run in sequence via SSH:
ghe-config app.minio.enabled true
ghe-config app.code-scanning.enabled true
ghe-config-apply
Step 1: Run ghe-config app.minio.enabled true
ghe-config app.minio.enabled true - Code scanning relies on an internal MinIO storage service to hold analysis data and CodeQL results. This command activates that prerequisite backend service.
Step 2: Run ghe-config app.code-scanning.enabled true
ghe-config app.code-scanning.enabled true - This enables the overall code scanning capability at the appliance level. By doing this without explicitly overriding or forcing an enterprise-wide enforcement policy, organizations and individual repositories retain the rights to enable or disable it as needed.
Step 3: Run ghe-config-apply
Apply the configurations to the server appliance
ghe-config-apply - This final command must be run to actively apply, initialize, and reload the server configuration with the new settings.
Reference:
https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.21/code-security/how-tos/secure-at-scale/configure-enterprise-security/establish-complete-coverage/enabling-github-advanced- security-for-your-enterprise


NEW QUESTION # 88
What should you do after receiving an alert about a dependency added in a pull request?

Answer: A

Explanation:
If an alert is raised on a pull request dependency, best practice is to update the dependency to a secure version before merging the PR. This prevents the vulnerable version from entering the main codebase.
Merging or deploying the PR without fixing the issue exposes your production environment to known risks.


NEW QUESTION # 89
What happens when you disable secret scanning for a GitHub organization?

Answer: D

Explanation:
The organization-level secret-scanning control represented by this question applies to the organization's private repositories that use the applicable Advanced Security or Secret Protection capability. Public repositories are treated differently because GitHub runs secret scanning for public repositories automatically and provides that protection independently of a paid Advanced Security license. Disabling secret scanning also does not disable every other Advanced Security capability; code scanning, dependency features, and related security controls are managed separately or through security configurations. Current GitHub administration increasingly manages these features through Secret Protection and organization-level security configurations, but the principle remains that disabling the licensed secret-scanning capability affects repositories to which that configuration applies rather than universally switching off every security feature.
Therefore, C is the intended answer.


NEW QUESTION # 90
What is required to trigger code scanning on a specified branch?

Answer: D


NEW QUESTION # 91
......

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