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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Individual Management Practices for a Project | 36.25% | - Closing and Evaluating the Project - Planning and Estimating Activities - Initiating and Starting a Project - Directing and Executing Work - Monitoring and Controlling Performance |
| Topic 2: Integrated Project Management Practices | 35% | - Project Integration Management - Project Organization and Roles - Project Communication and Reporting - Project Scope and Planning - Project Risk and Opportunity Management |
| Topic 3: Fundamental Principles and Concepts of Project Management | 28.75% | - Project, Program and Portfolio Distinctions - Project Management Principles - Project Governance and Stakeholders - Project Life Cycle and Phases - Overview of ISO 21502 Standard |
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質問 # 16
Scenario:
Tricko is a clothing manufacturer headquartered in Milano, Italy. The company was founded in 2010 by Mario, a famous Italian fashion designer. Over the last few years, the company has seen immense growth and now has a chain of stores across multiple European cities. Following industry trends, the top management of Tricko concluded that the company should establish an online store. As such, they required Lily, an experienced IT engineer, to develop a brief for this potential project. After several meetings and discussions, the top management approved the project brief and assigned Lily as the project manager. For this project, she was instructed to use the guidelines of ISO 21502 on project management.
Lily initiated the project by mobilizing the project team, which included four web developers, two network engineers, and one systems analyst. In order to ensure that every team member is fully aware of their roles and responsibilities, Lily developed team performance domains which would link each project activity with the individuals responsible for undertaking it. She explained to the team members that it is important to clearly understand their roles and responsibilities, considering that the team composition cannot be reassessed or revised once the project plan is authorized to be executed. In addition, Lily defined in a document the project's contribution to the overall objectives of Tricko, which reflected the relevant project requirements and their associated acceptance criteria.
Following that, Lily worked with the project team to discuss project costs. She suggested the team initially establish cost estimates only for the first phase of the project and then for the entire project. In addition, she required cost estimates to be expressed in currency valuations and in labor hours. One of the network engineers suggested that each team member should provide an estimate, and then the team should reach an agreement for a joint estimate. On the other hand, one of the developers suggested establishing an estimate for the costs after the closure of the project, such as advertising and promotion costs. Lily agreed with their suggestions and asked them to provide a total estimate as soon as possible.
Based on the total estimate provided by the project team, Lily developed the project budget and created a list of project activities, divided them into smaller items, and assigned a budget for each item.
Question:
According to scenario 5, Lily defined in a document the project's contribution to the overall objectives of Tricko, which reflected the relevant project requirements and their associated acceptance criteria. What did Lily define in this case?
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is A. The project scope . Lily documented the project's contribution to Tricko's overall objectives and reflected the relevant project requirements and associated acceptance criteria. This describes project scope because scope defines what the project is expected to deliver, the boundaries of the work, the requirements to be satisfied, and the conditions under which deliverables will be accepted. In the online store project, scope could include website functionality, product catalogue, payment processing, account management, security controls, hosting environment, user interface, and acceptance criteria for launch readiness. Option B is incorrect because the project management framework defines how the project will be governed and managed, including methods, roles, reporting, controls, and decision processes. Lily's document was not primarily about governance or management methods; it was about what the project contributes, which requirements apply, and how those requirements will be accepted. PMBOK describes project scope management as including the processes required to ensure the project includes all the work required, and only the work required, to complete the project successfully. The source question directly links contribution, requirements, and acceptance criteria to this answer.
Reference topics: project scope, project requirements, acceptance criteria, project objectives, scope definition.
質問 # 17
Scenario:
Oakniture is a furniture manufacturer located in Bristol, England. It is known for its kitchen tables made out of different types of wood, such as chestnut, walnut, and oak. In early 2022, Lana, one of the senior researchers of the company, conducted a feasibility study to determine if there is a market for oak wood coffee tables, which indicated that the demand for oak wood coffee tables is relatively high. As such, Lana prepared a project brief and presented it to the top management of the company. The project brief included information on the project context and project objectives. After several discussions, the top management agreed that the project should be undertaken, but lastly, they asked Lana about the project duration. Lana claimed that the project duration cannot be determined and such information was not provided in the project brief; however, she added that the project duration will mainly depend on the competencies of the project team and on Oakniture's suppliers of wood.
Following that, the top management initiated the project and assigned Tom, the operations director, as the project manager, and Lana as the project sponsor. To manage the project, they decided to use the guidelines of ISO 21502.
Initially, Tom defined the governance and management framework alone, and then he mobilized the team and assigned the roles and responsibilities to each team member. In addition, Tom and the project team identified the stakeholders and developed the project plan. To ensure effective management of each project phase, Tom used a work breakdown structure (WBS) to organize project activities. Tom presented the project activities in the WBS by linking task dependencies and showing project milestones. In addition, Tom calculated the duration of each work package by determining the early start and early finish dates. Regarding the relationship between work packages, Tom required the project team to perform tasks in the predetermined order, regardless of any resource shortages they might experience.
A week after the project implementation began, Tom collected and analyzed data regarding the progress of the project. To keep everyone up to date, he held a meeting with Lana and project stakeholders.
Question:
According to scenario 4, Tom calculated the duration of each work package by determining the early start and early finish dates. Which of the following did Tom use in this case?
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is A. Forward pass . In schedule analysis, a forward pass is used to calculate the earliest possible start and finish dates for activities or work packages by moving forward through the schedule network from the project start date. The scenario states that Tom calculated the duration of each work package by determining the early start and early finish dates. This is exactly the purpose of the forward pass technique.
A backward pass is different: it moves backward from the project completion date to determine late start and late finish dates. Float calculation uses the difference between early and late dates to determine how long an activity can be delayed without affecting the project finish date or a successor activity. Therefore, because Tom focused on early start and early finish dates, he used forward pass. The PMBOK glossary defines forward pass as the critical path method technique for calculating early start and early finish dates by moving forward through the schedule model from the project start date or another defined point in time.
Reference topics: schedule management, forward pass, early start, early finish, critical path method, work package duration.
質問 # 18
What are proposal requests?
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is C . Proposal requests are procurement documents used to obtain supplier proposals when the buyer needs a proposed solution, approach, technical method, commercial offer, or delivery strategy for the required work. In procurement practice, a request for proposal is appropriate when the buyer knows the business need or desired outcome but wants suppliers to propose how they would meet that need. The evaluation is usually based on more than price; it can include technical quality, methodology, supplier capability, risk, schedule, innovation, compliance, and value. Option A is not correct because the request normally comes from the buyer or customer side, not from the contractor to the supplier as a general definition. Option B describes a price-focused request, closer to a request for quotation or bid, where the solution is already clearly defined and price is the main selection criterion. Proposal requests are especially useful where the scope is complex, the solution is not fully predetermined, or supplier expertise is needed to shape the delivery approach. The uploaded source text shows this question and the partial alternatives, with the concept clearly positioned under procurement practices.
Reference topics: procurement, request for proposal, supplier proposal, procurement documentation, supplier selection.
質問 # 19
Among others, how can the project oversight be done?
正解：C
質問 # 20
Which of the following, among others, is a responsibility of the work package leader?
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is B because a work package leader is responsible for managing the assigned work package and optimizing the use of resources within that area of responsibility. A work package is a defined portion of project work for which cost, duration, resources, and delivery responsibilities can be estimated and managed. The work package leader coordinates the people, activities, materials, tools, dependencies, and progress needed to complete that package in accordance with the project plan. This role supports the project manager by ensuring that delegated work is executed effectively, reported accurately, and controlled against scope, schedule, cost, and quality expectations. Option A is not the best answer because validation of project deliverables and outcomes normally involves the customer, sponsor, project manager, acceptance authority, or governance body, depending on the acceptance process. Option C is also incorrect because setting the cultural and ethical tone belongs to senior leadership, project governance, sponsor, and project board responsibilities, not to a work package leader as a primary role. PMBOK defines a work package as work at the lowest level of the WBS for which cost and duration are estimated and managed, supporting this answer.
Reference topics: work package leader, resource management, work package control, delegated authority, project organization.
質問 # 21
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