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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Pain Management and Analgesia | - Analgesic drug use - Pain assessment techniques |
| Pharmacology | - Drug classifications and uses - Dosage calculations and administration |
| Diagnostic Imaging | - Image processing and interpretation basics - Radiography positioning and safety |
| Dentistry | - Oral anatomy and disease recognition - Dental prophylaxis procedures |
| Surgical Nursing | - Preoperative and postoperative care - Sterile technique and instrumentation |
| Anesthesia | - Anesthetic protocols and equipment - Anesthetic monitoring |
| Emergency Medicine and Critical Care | - Triage and stabilization - Shock management and CPR |
| Laboratory Procedures | - Hematology and clinical pathology - Urinalysis and microbiology |
| Animal Care and Nursing | - Patient handling and restraint - Nutrition and husbandry |
Among the three versions, the PDF version of VTNE training guide is specially provided for these candidates, because it supports download and printing.For those who are willing to learn on the phone, as long as you have a browser installed on your phone, you can use the App version of our VTNE Exam Questions. The PC version is ideal for computers with windows systems, which can simulate a real test environment. There are also the Value pack of our VTNE study materials for you to purchase.
NEW QUESTION # 688
You are asked to assist in surgery. You need to scrub in. How long should you ensure skin-to-soap contact time while scrubbing?
Answer: C
Explanation:
When scrubbing for surgery, you want to ensure that all forearm, hand, and finger surfaces are well-scrubbed. Contact time for each location should be a minimum of 5 minutes. Remember, scrubbing before putting on sterile gloves removes any debris and excess oils from the elbows distally. It provides an added layer of protection should the sterile field be breached, as may occur with a torn glove. Additionally, gloves contain minuscule tears in the latex or other material. They cannot be the only protective mechanism relied upon.
Thus, always ensure you scrub with a 5-minute contact time to maximize the effects of the disinfectant chosen. Options include chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine, most commonly.
It wouldn't be wrong to scrub for 10 minutes. Still, more than 5 minutes is unlikely to provide any extra benefits in sterility and may cause skin irritation, and only delays the duration of time the patient is under anesthesia.
NEW QUESTION # 689
Which of the following antiseptic and disinfectant compounds was routinely used in the past, but has been replaced by chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Phenols were used in the past for disinfecting, but due to their toxic effects are no longer used in veterinary hospitals. Phenols have been replaced by safer, more effective antiseptics and disinfectants such as chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine.
The remaining answer options are currently used to clean surfaces and instruments.
Alcohols are routinely used for their antiseptic and disinfectant properties. They are not used to clean open wounds due to tissue injury, and cannot kill spores or fungi.
Quaternary ammonium is nontoxic, but not as effective as some other agents against viruses.
Chlorine can kill bacteria and viruses, but can be dangerous when used on living tissue.
Joanna M. Bassert, VMD. McCurnin's Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians, 9th Edition. Pg 1097.
Mosby's Comprehensive Review for Veterinary Technicians 5th Edition. Pg 218-221.
NEW QUESTION # 690
During surgery, each individual in the operating room should, at a minimum, wear all of the following items except:
Answer: B
Explanation:
Aseptic technique is particularly important in operating rooms, where bacteria and other sources of contamination can easily affect patient safety. To decrease contamination in the room, all individuals should wear surgical caps, masks, and booties.
Nonsterile assistants (individuals who do not have direct contact with the patient or equipment that can pass infectious agents onto the patient) are not required to wear gloves or gowns.
NEW QUESTION # 691
You are managing a post-op femoral fracture repair in a 13-YO MN DSH. The patient is fractious, and you suspect it is due to poorly controlled pain. His last pain dose was buprenorphine 10 hours before your shift began. You informed the veterinarian that his pain evaluation was not performed as directed every four hours. You suspect he is behind and needs a stronger medication than buprenorphine. You find that the patient is hunched in the corner, growling at you, won't eat, and is not putting any weight on the surgical leg. You recommend an oral dose of gabapentin and a fentanyl CRI. The veterinarian performs her assessment and agrees with you. She advises you to give 10 mg/kg PO of gabapentin and start a fentanyl CRI. She requests an initial loading dose of 2.5 mcg/kg followed by a 3 mcg/kg/hour CRI. You will be using a syringe pump. The concentration of fentanyl is 50 mcg/ml.
What would the dose of gabapentin and the initial fentanyl bolus dose be for this patient if the cat weighs 12.1 lb?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Make sure you recognize the correct units for the drugs being dispensed. Gabapentin is dispensed in mg, and fentanyl is dispensed in mcg. Further, make sure to perform calculations using the right weight unit. You are given the weight in pounds but must convert it to kg to complete the math.
A patient weighing 12.1 lb is 5.5 kg (12.1 divided by 2.2 lb/kg).
5.5 kg x 2.5 mcg/kg fentanyl = 13.75 mcg of fentanyl
If you were to determine the volume of fentanyl, you would then divide 13.75 mcg by 50 mcg/ml, which results in 0.275 ml or 0.28 ml. However, this was not asked in this problem.
NEW QUESTION # 692
The primary mechanism of general anesthesia affects the:
Answer: D
Explanation:
General anesthesia results in loss of consciousness and the ability to feel pain, both of which are central nervous system (CNS) functions. The CNS is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
The parasympathetic nervous system controls bodily functions when at rest. The sympathetic nervous system controls the fight or flight response. The immune system is the body's defense against disease.
NEW QUESTION # 693
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