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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Scene Size-Up and Safety | 15–19% | - Hazard recognition and management - Scene assessment and safety protocols - Mechanism of injury / nature of illness |
| Secondary Assessment | 5–9% | - Vital signs and monitoring - Symptom assessment and history taking - Focused history and physical exam |
| Patient Treatment and Transport | 20–24% | - Patient packaging and transport procedures - Medical and trauma care interventions - Communication with receiving facilities - Medication administration and protocols |
| EMS Operations | 10–14% | - Documentation and legal aspects - Incident command and multiple-casualty situations - EMS system roles and responsibilities - Emergency vehicle operations and safety |
| Primary Assessment | 39–43% | - Initial patient assessment - General patient impression and priority determination - Identification and management of life-threatening conditions - Airway, breathing, and circulation management |
レビュー段階でEMT試験の準備をしているこれらの人々にとって、エラー修正は非常に重要であることがわかっています。 EMT試験の準備中に間違いを訂正したい場合は、当社の学習教材が最適です。 EMTの参考資料は、間違いを訂正し、何度も何度も間違いを避けるためにあなたを追跡するのに役立つためです。弊社からEMT試験準備を購入する場合、リラックスした状態で試験に合格すると信じています。
質問 # 78
An EMT is using a BVM to ventilate a 28-year-old patient with asthma. The patient is unresponsive, and their vital signs are BP 70/40, P 142, R 8, and SpO2 89% on room air. The patient is becoming increasingly difficult to ventilate. What should the EMT do next?
正解：A
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
In patients with asthma experiencing respiratory failure, improper ventilation (especially excessive rates) can lead to air trapping and increased intrathoracic pressure, reducing venous return and worsening hypotension.
The correct technique is to ventilate slowly to allow full exhalation - around 1 breath every 5-6 seconds for adults.
CPAP is contraindicated in unresponsive patients who cannot maintain their own airway. A non-rebreather mask would be insufficient for an unresponsive patient, and forceful ventilation risks barotrauma.
References:
NREMT EMT Psychomotor Exam Guide: Airway, Respiration and Ventilation
American Heart Association (AHA) BLS Provider Manual (2020)
National EMS Education Standards (2011) - Airway Management Section
質問 # 79
A 4-year-old female has trouble breathing. Her respiratory rate is 40 and you hear grunting. She has a weak pulse and only responds to painful stimuli. You should suspect:
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is A. Respiratory failure.
This pediatric patient is showing late and life-threatening signs of respiratory compromise, indicating progression beyond simple distress.
Key findings:
Respiratory rate of 40 (may initially suggest distress but must be interpreted with other findings) Grunting # a sign of severe respiratory compromise Weak pulse # indicates poor perfusion and possible hypoxia Responds only to painful stimuli # altered mental status, a critical late sign Why this indicates respiratory failure:
In NREMT-aligned pediatric assessment:
Respiratory distress = increased work of breathing but adequate oxygenation and mental status Respiratory failure = inadequate oxygenation/ventilation with altered mental status and poor perfusion This patient has both altered mental status and weak pulse, which are hallmark indicators of failure.
According to NREMT educational standards:
"Respiratory failure is indicated by altered mental status and poor perfusion."
"Late signs include decreased level of consciousness and weak or irregular pulse."
"Grunting is a sign of severe respiratory compromise."
Why the other options are incorrect:
B). Respiratory distress: Would include increased work of breathing but normal mental status and adequate perfusion C). Respiratory arrest: The patient is still breathing (RR 40), so arrest has not occurred D). Failure to thrive: A chronic condition unrelated to acute respiratory presentation Exact Extracts (NREMT-aligned EMT educational references):
"Altered mental status is a late and serious sign of respiratory failure."
"Poor perfusion (weak pulse) indicates decompensation."
"Grunting is associated with severe respiratory compromise."
"Differentiate respiratory distress from respiratory failure based on mental status and perfusion." Clinical Priority Summary:
The presence of altered mental status, weak pulse, and severe breathing signs confirms respiratory failure, making A the correct answer.
References:
NREMT EMT Education Standards - Airway, Respiration & Ventilation
NREMT National Continued Competency Program (NCCP) - Pediatric Respiratory Emergencies AAOS Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured (NREMT-aligned)
質問 # 80
What is the most effective way an EMT can protect themselves from spreading infectious diseases?
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is C. Frequent hand washing.
While all listed options contribute to infection control, hand hygiene is the single most effective method for preventing the spread of infectious diseases in EMS and healthcare settings.
Why C is correct:
Hands are the primary mode of transmission for pathogens
Frequent hand washing removes microorganisms before they spread to:
Patients
Equipment
Other surfaces
NREMT-aligned guidance states:
"Hand washing is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection."
"Perform hand hygiene before and after every patient contact."
Why the other options are incorrect:
A). Using proper PPEImportant, but secondary to hand hygiene; PPE can still become contaminated B). Washing uniforms dailyGood practice, but not the most effective immediate prevention method D). Maintaining current vaccinesImportant for provider protection, but does not directly prevent day-to-day transmission Exact Extracts (NREMT-aligned EMT educational references):
"The most important step in preventing disease transmission is proper hand hygiene."
"Wash hands before and after patient contact."
"Hand hygiene reduces the spread of pathogens."
Clinical Priority Summary:
Although PPE and vaccines are important, frequent hand washing is the most effective and essential method for preventing disease transmission, making C the correct answer.
References:
NREMT EMT Education Standards - EMS Operations (Infection Control)
NREMT National Continued Competency Program (NCCP)
AAOS Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured (NREMT-aligned)
質問 # 81
A 25-year-old patient had ingested an unknown quantity of a household cleaner one hour earlier. The patient has swelling around the mouth and stridor. Which of the following actions should the EMT prioritize? Select the two answer options that are correct.
正解：B、D
解説：
The correct answers are A. Prevent hypoxemia and C. Maintain airway patency.
This patient is showing signs of airway compromise:
Swelling around the mouth
Stridor # indicates upper airway obstruction
These findings strongly suggest a caustic ingestion with airway edema, which can rapidly progress to complete airway obstruction.
Priority: Airway and Breathing (ABCs)
According to NREMT principles, the highest priority is airway management and oxygenation.
1. Maintain airway patency (C):
Swelling and stridor indicate a narrowing airway
Immediate action is required to keep the airway open
Prepare for suctioning, positioning, and possible advanced airway support
2. Prevent hypoxemia (A):
Due to airway compromise, the patient is at high risk for inadequate oxygenation Administer high-flow oxygen and monitor closely NREMT-aligned guidance states:
"Airway compromise takes priority in caustic ingestions."
"Stridor indicates impending airway obstruction."
"Ensure airway patency and adequate oxygenation first."
Why the other options are incorrect:
B). Identify the chemicalImportant, but not the immediate priority over airway management D). Irrigate the affected areaMay be appropriate for external exposures, but airway takes priority here E). Administer activated charcoalContraindicated in caustic ingestions and in patients with airway compromise or vomiting risk Exact Extracts (NREMT-aligned EMT educational references):
"Airway management is the priority in patients with signs of airway compromise."
"Stridor is a sign of upper airway obstruction."
"Do not administer activated charcoal in caustic ingestions."
Clinical Priority Summary:
Because this patient shows airway swelling and stridor, the EMT must immediately focus on airway patency and oxygenation, making A and C the correct answers.
References:
NREMT EMT Education Standards - Medical Emergencies (Toxicology)
NREMT National Continued Competency Program (NCCP)
AAOS Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured (NREMT-aligned)
質問 # 82
You are assessing a 26-year-old male pedestrian who was hit by a car. His vital signs are BP 86/64, P 128, and R 24. You should most likely suspect
正解：D
解説：
Look at the vital signs pattern first: low blood pressure (86 systolic) + high pulse (128) . This tells you the body is no longer maintaining adequate perfusion , meaning compensation has failed.
In EMT training, compensated shock still has a normal blood pressure , even though heart rate and breathing increase. Once hypotension develops , the patient has progressed to decompensated shock .
So the key deciding factor here is the low BP , which makes this decompensated shock , not compensated.
質問 # 83
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何千人ものお客様がEMT試験に合格し、関連する認定を取得しています。その後、EMT試験トレントはすべて、当社のWebサイトで購入されました。業界の動向に加えて、EMTテストガイドは、過去の多くの資料の厳密な分析によって書かれています。 EMT学習教材の言語は理解しやすいものであり、厳密な学習を行った場合のみ、最新の専門的なEMT学習教材を作成します。私たちはあなたに最高のサービスを提供し、あなたが満足できることを願っています。
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無料でクラウドストレージから最新のJapancert EMT PDFダンプをダウンロードする：https://drive.google.com/open?id=1DIpVkHhyzYZm5cf-eZ60a187kYQD7YPB