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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| IP Technology Basics | 25% | - NAT (Network Address Translation) - Static routing and default routing - OSPF fundamentals (single-area) - ICMP protocol - DHCP principles and configuration - ACL (Access Control List) - IPv4 addressing and subnetting - IPv6 basics and address types |
| Data Center Network Basics | 5% | - Data center fabric concepts (VXLAN, SDN) - Data center network architecture overview - Cloud computing and virtualization basics |
| Typical Campus Networking Solution | 5% | - Hierarchical network model (core, aggregation, access) - Network reliability and redundancy design - Typical campus network deployment scenarios - Campus network architecture design |
| Ethernet Technology Basics | 20% | - VLAN intercommunication (sub-interface, VLANIF) - MAC address table and forwarding - Link aggregation (LACP) - VLAN principles and configuration - Ethernet overview and frame structure - STP / RSTP / MSTP spanning tree protocols |
| Data Communication Network Basics | 10% | - ARP principles - Basic concepts and life cycle of campus network - Basic network concepts, IP network architecture, and standardization organizations - Basic principles and operations of VRP (Versatile Routing Platform) - OSI and TCP/IP protocol models and functions of each layer - Data forwarding process - TCP/UDP principles |
| WLAN Technology Basics | 10% | - WLAN overview and 802.11 standards - WLAN networking architecture (AC + AP) - WLAN basic configuration and troubleshooting - WLAN RF fundamentals (channels, bands) |
| Network Security and Services | 15% | - IPsec VPN fundamentals - Firewall basics and security zones - FTP / TFTP and file management - Network management protocols (SNMP, NTP) - Network security overview - AAA (Authentication, Authorization, Accounting) |
| Network O&M and Troubleshooting | 10% | - Common network fault diagnosis - Network maintenance tools (ping, tracert, display commands) - Troubleshooting methodology and process - Network documentation and baselining |
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NEW QUESTION # 34
In TCP/IP-based end-to-end communication, only the source and destination hosts process the header information added at the transport layer. Routers along the path will definitely not process this information.
Answer: A
Explanation:
In the standard TCP/IP forwarding model, transport-layer headers such as TCP and UDP headers are added by the source host and are mainly interpreted by the destination host. Routers that forward packets between the source and destination operate primarily at the network layer , using the destination IP address in the IP header to make forwarding decisions. Therefore, under normal routing behavior, routers do not process transport-layer header information when deciding how to forward packets.
This is a key concept in layered communication. The source host encapsulates application data with a transport-layer header, then with an IP header, and finally with a data-link header. Each router along the path removes only the Layer 2 frame header, checks the Layer 3 destination IP information, decrements TTL, recalculates the IP header checksum when required, and forwards the packet. The transport-layer content remains unchanged in normal forwarding. HCIA-Datacom uses this principle to explain end-to-end communication and layer responsibilities. Although advanced devices may inspect higher-layer information for security or policy purposes, standard router forwarding in the basic TCP/IP model does not depend on transport-layer processing.
NEW QUESTION # 35
On the network shown in the figure, the interfaces connecting switches to terminals are access interfaces, and the interfaces connecting switches to each other are trunk interfaces. The administrator configures interface- based VLAN assignment. PC1 and PC3 belong to VLAN 2, and PC2 and PC4 belong to VLAN 3. Trunk interfaces allow packets from VLAN 2 and VLAN 3 to pass through and use the default PVID. The MAC address tables of switches are empty. When SW1 receives a unicast data frame sent from PC1 to PC3, through which of the following interfaces does SW1 not send the data frame?
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
PC1 and PC3 are members of VLAN 2, while PC2 and PC4 are members of VLAN 3. SW1 receives the frame from PC1 on access interface GE1/0/1 and associates it with VLAN 2. Because all switch MAC address tables are initially empty, PC3 ' s destination MAC address is unknown to SW1. The switch therefore floods this unknown unicast frame only through other interfaces that can carry VLAN 2. GE1/0/3 connects to PC3 in VLAN 2, so it is a valid flood port. GE1/0/4 is a trunk that permits VLAN 2 and VLAN 3, so it is also eligible to carry the VLAN 2 frame. SW1 does not send the frame back through GE1/0/1, the ingress interface, and it does not send it through GE1/0/2 because that access port belongs to VLAN 3. Therefore, the interfaces through which SW1 does not send the frame are GE1/0/2 and GE1/0/1, corresponding to A and D.
NEW QUESTION # 36
In the STP topology shown in the figure, all links have the same path cost, and SW1 is the root bridge. Which of the following ports will become designated ports? (Select all that apply)
Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:
In STP, the root bridge has all its active ports elected as designated ports on each connected segment. On non-root switches, one port is selected as the root port , and on each LAN segment, one designated port is elected based on the best BPDU. Since SW1 is the root bridge and all links have equal cost, the election depends first on the path cost to the root, then on bridge ID, and then on port ID if needed.
According to the topology, the ports that become designated are GE1/0/2 of SW2 , GE1/0/1 of SW2 , and GE1/0/3 of SW3 , which correspond to option A , B , and C . Option D is not a designated port in this topology because that segment has another port with a superior BPDU and therefore SW4's port does not win the designated-port election. HCIA-Datacom emphasizes that designated ports are elected per segment , not per switch, and that every non-root switch must compare received BPDUs to determine root and designated roles. This question tests the ability to apply STP election logic rather than simply memorizing port-role definitions.
NEW QUESTION # 37
Drag and Drop Question
On the network shown in the figure, the administrator creates an Eth-Trunk between SW1 and SW2 to increase link bandwidth and enable terminals in VLAN 10 and VLAN 20 to communicate with each other. When the network is running, the administrator encounters network problems.
Match the problems with the troubleshooting methods.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
GE1/0/3 added to the Eth-Trunk is always in Down state. -> Run the display interface brief command to check the status and error statistics of physical interfaces.
The traffic sent from PC1 cannot reach PC3 after passing through the Eth-Trunk. -> Check whether the lists of allowed VLANs on the Eth-Trunk interfaces at both ends are the same.
The Eth-Trunk cannot be established between the two devices. -> Check whether the aggregation modes at both ends of the Eth-Trunk match.
Physical Interface Down: When a single member port (GE1/0/3) fails to come up within the trunk, the immediate first step is checking the physical layer and link-layer protocol status using display interface brief to rule out hardware, cable, or transceiver errors.
VLAN Reachability Issues: If the Eth-Trunk trunk link is successfully built but specific traffic (like PC1 in VLAN 10 to PC3 in VLAN 10) fails to traverse across, it points directly to misconfigured VLAN permissions (e.g., forgetting to allow VLAN 10 on the Eth-Trunk trunk port configuration).
Trunk Establishment Failure: If the logical Eth-Trunk interface itself cannot form, it is typically due to a mismatch in foundational parameters-most notably, one side being configured in standard manual load-balancing mode while the other is using dynamic LACP mode.
NEW QUESTION # 38
On a Layer 2 WLAN, STAs use an AC as their gateway.
Answer: A
Explanation:
In a Layer 2 WLAN, an Access Controller (AC) typically handles authentication and management but does not act as a gateway. Instead, a Layer 3 device, such as a router, serves as the gateway.
NEW QUESTION # 39
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