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35. Frage 
An administrator is troubleshooting SD-WAN on FortiGate. A device behind branch1_fgt generates traffic to the 10.0.0.0/8 network. The administrator expects the traffic to match SD-WAN rule ID 1 and be routed over HUB1-VPN1. However, the traffic is routed over HUB1-VPN3.
Based on the output shown in the exhibit, which two reasons, individually or together, could explain the observed behavior? (Choose two.)
Antwort: B,D
Begründung:
According to theSD-WAN 7.6 Core Administratorcurriculum and the diagnostic outputs shown in the exhibit, the reason traffic is steered toHUB1-VPN3instead of the expectedHUB1-VPN1(defined in SD-WAN rule ID 1) can be explained by two core routing principles in FortiOS:
* Valid Route Requirement (Option A): In thediagnose sys sdwan service 4output (which corresponds to Rule ID 1), it shows the rule has membersHUB1-VPN1,HUB1-VPN2, andHUB1-VPN3. A key principle of SD-WAN steering is that for a member to be "selectable" by a rule, itmust have a valid route to the destinationin the routing table (RIB/FIB). If the routing table output (the third section of the exhibit) shows a route to 10.0.0.0/8 viaHUB1-VPN3butnotthroughHUB1-VPN1, the SD-WAN engine will skip HUB1-VPN1 entirely because it is considered a "non-reachable" path for that specific destination.
* Policy Route Precedence (Option D): In the FortiOS route lookup hierarchy,Regular Policy Routes (PBR)are evaluatedbeforeSD-WAN rules. If an administrator has configured a traditional Policy Route (found underNetwork > Policy Routes) that matches traffic destined for 10.0.0.0/8 and specifiesHUB1- VPN3as the outgoing interface, the FortiGate will forward the packet based on that policy route and will never evaluate the SD-WAN rulesfor that session. This "bypass" occurs regardless of whether the SD- WAN rule would have chosen a "better" link.
Why other options are incorrect:
* Option B: While member configuration priority (cfg_order) is a tie-breaker in some strategies, the SD- WAN rule logic is only applied if the routing table allows it or if a higher-priority policy route doesn't intercept the traffic first.
* Option C: Lower route priority (which means higher preference in the RIB) affects theImplicit Rule (standard routing). However, SD-WAN rules are designed tooverrideRIB priority for matching traffic.
If HUB1-VPN1 was a valid candidate and no Policy Route existed, the SD-WAN rule would typically ignore RIB priority to enforce its own steering strategy.
36. Frage
Refer to the exhibit.
The SD-WAN rule status and configuration is shown. Based on the exhibit, which change in the measured latency will first make HUB1-VPN3 the new preferred member?
Antwort: A
Begründung:
According to the SD-WAN 7.6 Core Administrator study guide and the FortiOS 7.6 Administration Guide, the selection of a preferred member in a Best Quality (priority) rule is determined by the measured quality metric (latency, in this case) and the link-cost-threshold.
Rule Logic (Best Quality): In the exhibit, the SD-WAN rule is configured with set mode priority, which corresponds to the Best Quality strategy. This strategy ranks members based on the link-cost-factor, which is set to latency.
The Link-Cost-Threshold: The exhibit shows link-cost-threshold(10), which is the default 10% value. This threshold is designed to prevent " link flapping " . To replace the current preferred member, a new member must not only have a better latency but must be better by more than 10%.
The Calculation:
The current preferred member is HUB1-VPN1 with a real latency of 96.349 ms.
To calculate the " target " latency a lower-priority member must achieve to take over, we use the formula:
$Target = \frac{Current\_Latency}{(1 + \frac{Threshold}{100})}$.
$\frac{96.349}{1.1} = \mathbf{87.59\text{ ms}}$.
Evaluating Options:
Option A (80 ms): Since 80 ms is lower than the required 87.59 ms target, HUB1-VPN3 successfully overcomes the 10% advantage of HUB1-VPN1 and becomes the new preferred member.
Option D (90 ms): While 90 ms is lower than 96.349 ms, it is not lower than 87.59 ms. Therefore, the 10% threshold prevents a member switch, and HUB1-VPN1 remains preferred.
Option B: Incorrect because having a " lower " latency is not enough due to the 10% threshold.
Option C: If HUB1-VPN1 moved to 200 ms, HUB1-VPN2 (at 141.278 ms) would likely become the new preferred member before HUB1-VPN3 (at 190.984 ms).
37. Frage
Which two statements correctly describe what happens when traffic matches the implicit SD-WAN rule?
(Choose two answers)
Antwort: C,E
Begründung:
According to theSD-WAN 7.6 Core Administratorstudy guide andFortiOS 7.6 Administration Guide, the
"implicit rule" is the default rule at the bottom of the SD-WAN rule list (ID 0). It is only evaluated if traffic does not match any manually configured SD-WAN rules.
* Policy Route Table Context (Option B): SD-WAN rules are technically a specialized form of policy- based routing. For a packet to match theimplicit rule, it must first pass through the routing hierarchy. If traffic matches the implicit rule, it indicates that it did not match any higher-priority user-defined SD- WAN rules or any specific entries in the manualpolicy route tablethat would have intercepted the traffic earlier.
* Session Information (Option E): When you use the CLI to inspect an active session (e.g., diagnose sys session list), the output contains a field for theSD-WAN Service ID. If traffic is steered by a user- defined rule, it displays the ID of that rule (e.g., service_id=1). However, when traffic falls through to theimplicit rule, the session information displaysno SD-WAN service ID(it often shows as 0 or is omitted), because the implicit rule does not function as a "service" in the same way user-defined rules do.
* Routing Behavior: The implicit rule follows the standard routing table (RIB/FIB) logic. It uses the priorityanddistanceof the static routes to determine the path. If multiple paths have the same distance and priority, it uses the algorithm set by v4-ecmp-mode, but this is a function of the routing engine, not the SD-WAN engine itself.
Why other options are incorrect:
* Option A: While v4-ecmp-mode (e.g., source-ip-based) is used for ECMP routing, this is part of the general FortiOS routing behavior for equal-cost paths in the FIB, whereas the implicit rule simply
"hands over" the decision to that routing table.
* Option C: When traffic matches the implicit rule, the session is actually flagged with vwl_id=0 and potentially dirty if a route change occurs, but vwl_default is not the standard flag name used in this specific context in the curriculum.
* Option D: This is incorrect because the implicit ruledoes respect weight, distance, and priorityas defined in the static routes within the routing table; it does not distribute traffic "regardless" of these values.
38. Frage
Which three factors about SLA targets and SD-WAN rules should you consider when configuring SD-WAN rules? (Choose three answers)
Antwort: B,D,E
Begründung:
According to the SD-WAN 7.6 Core Administrator study guide and the Fortinet Document Library, the interaction between SD-WAN rules and SLA targets is governed by specific selection and measurement logic:
Usage by Strategy (Option B): SLA targets are fundamentally used by the Lowest Cost (SLA) strategy to determine which links are currently healthy enough to be considered for traffic steering. While other strategies like Best Quality use a " Measured SLA " to monitor metrics, they do not typically use the " Required SLA Target " to disqualify links unless specifically configured in a hybrid mode. In most curriculum contexts, the " Required SLA Target " field is specifically associated with the Lowest Cost and Maximize Bandwidth strategies.
SLA Compliance Checking (Option D): SD-WAN rules utilize SLA targets as a " pass/fail " gatekeeper. The engine checks if the preferred members meet the defined SLA requirements (latency, jitter, or packet loss thresholds). If a preferred member fails the SLA, the rule will move to the next member in the priority list that does meet the SLA.
Single SLA Binding (Option E): When configuring an SD-WAN rule, the GUI and CLI allow you to select multiple SLA targets, but they must all belong to the same Performance SLA profile. You cannot mix and match targets from different health checks (e.g., Target 1 from " Google_HC " and Target 2 from " Amazon_HC " ) within a single SD-WAN rule.
Why other options are incorrect:
Option A: This is incorrect because a single SD-WAN rule can only be associated with one specific Performance SLA profile at a time; therefore, you cannot select targets from different SLAs.
Option C: This is incorrect because member metrics (latency, jitter, packet loss) are measured by the Performance SLA probes regardless of whether an SD-WAN rule is currently using that SLA target for steering decisions. Measurement is a function of the health-check, not the rule matching process.
39. Frage
Refer to the exhibit. You configure SD-WAN on a standalone FortiGate device. You want to create an SD-WAN rule that steers traffic related to Facebook and LinkedIn through the less costly internet link.
What must you do to set Facebook and LinkedIn applications as destinations from the GUI?
Antwort: C
Begründung:
In an SD-WAN rule, you can steer application traffic by using Internet Service Database (ISDB) entries. Facebook and LinkedIn are predefined ISDB objects in FortiGate, so the correct way is to select them in the Internet service field under Destination. This ensures that all traffic to these applications is matched and routed through the chosen (less costly) link.
40. Frage
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