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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Troubleshooting | 10% | - Issue resolution strategies - Network diagnostics |
| Topic 2: Advanced Ethernet Technologies | 10% | - VLAN and Ethernet enhancements - MAC/security features |
| Topic 3: Advanced BGP Features | 10% | - BGP policy controls - Route reflector and attributes |
| Topic 4: Advanced IGP Features | 17% | - IS-IS advanced optimisations - OSPF advanced capabilities |
| Topic 5: IPv6 Routing | 20% | - IPv6 static and dynamic routing - OSPFv3/IS-IS for IPv6 |
| Topic 6: Network O&M | 7% | - Monitoring and health metrics - Operation & maintenance best practices |
| Topic 7: Network Cutover | 7% | - Rollback procedures - Migration planning techniques |
| Topic 8: MPLS Technologies | 19% | - MPLS LDP and TE - MPLS VPN basics |
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NEW QUESTION # 150
On the OSPFv3 network shown in the figure, area 1 is an NSSA. R1 imports the external route 2000::1/128 to OSPFv3. Which of the following LSAs does not exist in area 1?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
In OSPFv3, Link State Advertisements (LSAs) are used to describe the network topology and routing information. The behavior of LSAs in different area types, such as Not-So-Stubby Areas (NSSAs), is critical to understanding this question. Let's break it down step by step:
* Understanding Area 1 as an NSSA:
* An NSSA (Not-So-Stubby Area) is a special type of OSPF area that allows the importation of external routes (Type 7 LSAs, also known as NSSA LSAs) while preventing the flooding of AS- External LSAs (Type 5 LSAs) from other areas into the NSSA. This is done to reduce the amount of routing information within the area while still allowing limited external route advertisement.
* In an NSSA, external routes (like the one imported by R1, 2000::1/128) are advertised as Type 7 LSAs within the NSSA and are translated into Type 5 LSAs by the Area Border Router (ABR) when they need to be advertised into other areas (e.g., the backbone area, Area 0). However, Type 5 LSAs (AS-External-LSAs) are not flooded into the NSSA itself.
* Analyzing the LSAs in the Options:
* A. Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA: These LSAs (Type 3 LSAs in OSPFv3) are used to advertise prefixes between areas. In an NSSA, Inter-Area-Prefix-LSAs can exist because they are used by the ABR to summarize and advertise routes from other areas (like Area 0) into Area 1. Therefore, this LSA exists in Area 1.
* B. NSSA LSA: These are Type 7 LSAs in OSPFv3, specific to NSSAs. They are used to advertise external routes (like the 2000::1/128 route imported by R1) within the NSSA. Since Area 1 is an NSSA and R1 is importing an external route, NSSA LSAs exist in Area 1.
* C. Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA: These LSAs (Type 1 and Type 2 LSAs, or their OSPFv3 equivalents) are used to advertise prefixes within the same area. In Area 1, Intra-Area-Prefix-LSAs exist to describe the internal topology and prefixes of Area 1, so this LSA is present.
* D. AS-External-LSA: These are Type 5 LSAs in OSPFv3, used to advertise external routes throughout the OSPF domain (outside the autonomous system). However, in an NSSA, Type 5 LSAs are not flooded into the area to keep it stubby-like. Instead, external routes are advertised as Type 7 LSAs (NSSA LSAs) within the NSSA and are only converted to Type 5 LSAs by the ABR when exiting the NSSA. Therefore, AS-External-LSAs (Type 5 LSAs) do not exist in Area
1.
* Role of R1 and the External Route:
* R1 is importing the external route 2000::1/128 into OSPFv3, which means it acts as an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR) within Area 1. As an ASBR in an NSSA, R1 advertises this external route as a Type 7 LSA (NSSA LSA) within Area 1. This Type 7 LSA is then translated by the ABR (if R1 is not the ABR, or by another ABR in Area 1) into a Type 5 LSA for advertisement into other areas (e.g., Area 0). However, the Type 5 LSA (AS-External- LSA) does not exist within Area 1 itself, as NSSAs block Type 5 LSAs.
* Conclusion:
* Given that Area 1 is an NSSA, and Type 5 LSAs (AS-External-LSAs) are not flooded into NSSAs, the AS-External-LSA does not exist in Area 1. All other LSAs (Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA, NSSA LSA, and Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA) can exist in Area 1 based on the topology and the role of R1 as an ASBR.
Therefore, the correct answer is D, as AS-External-LSAs do not exist in Area 1.
References to HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology Documents:
* HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0, Section on OSPFv3: OSPF Area Types and LSA Types (specifically NSSA behavior, Type 5 and Type 7 LSAs).
* HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0, Chapter on OSPF Routing Protocols: LSAs in Different Area Types and External Route Handling.
NEW QUESTION # 151
On the network shown in the figure, single-hop BFD is configured on R1 and R2.
A network engineer finds that the BFD session goes down. To locate the fault, the network engineer queries the BFD configurations on R1 and R2.
According to the configuration information marked in the figure, it can be determined that mismatched time parameter settings on R1 and R2 cause the BFD session to go down.
Is this statement TRUE or FALSE?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
To verify the correct answer, we need to analyze Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) behavior and the provided configuration.
1. Understanding BFD Configuration Parameters
BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection) is a protocol used for fast failure detection between directly connected devices.
Key Configuration Parameters in BFD:
* Peer IP (bind peer-ip)
* This specifies the destination router's IP address for the BFD session.
* # Correctly configured on both R1 and R2.
* Discriminator Local/Remote (discriminator local X / remote Y)
* These values must match between the two routers.
* # Correctly configured (R1: local 1, remote 2; R2: local 2, remote 1).
* Min-TX Interval (min-tx-interval)
* Defines the minimum transmit interval for BFD packets.
* # Missing from R2's configuration (could be a cause for mismatch).
* Min-RX Interval (min-rx-interval)
* Defines the minimum receive interval for BFD packets.
* # Missing from R2's configuration (could be a cause for mismatch).
2. Analyzing the Configuration on R1 and R2
# Configuration on R1 (Correct)
shell
CopyEdit
bfd tor2 bind peer-ip 10.0.12.2
discriminator local 1
discriminator remote 2
min-tx-interval 1500
min-rx-interval 1500
* This configuration is correct.
# Configuration on R2 (Incomplete)
shell
CopyEdit
bfd tor1 bind peer-ip 10.0.12.1
discriminator local 2
discriminator remote 1
* Missing min-tx-interval and min-rx-interval.
3. Why the Answer is FALSE?
* A BFD session does NOT go down due to mismatched timing parameters.
* BFD dynamically negotiates timing values, meaning even if R2 is missing min-tx/min-rx values, the session should still establish.
* However, the session will fail if the peer IP or discriminator values are incorrect (which they are NOT in this case).
* The actual cause of failure in this case is likely the missing min-tx and min-rx settings on R2, NOT a mismatch between R1 and R2.
NEW QUESTION # 152
On the OSPFv3 network shown in the figure, area 1 is a stub area. Which of the following statements are true?
Answer: B,C
NEW QUESTION # 153
Using the display startup command, you can view the running system software, running configuration file, startup system software, and startup configuration file, as well as the paths where these files are stored.
Options:
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* The display startup command is used to check the startup and running configuration details of a Huawei network device.
* It provides information on:# Running system software (currently active firmware).# Running configuration file (current settings in use).# Startup system software (firmware that will load on reboot).
# Startup configuration file (configuration that will be applied on reboot).# Paths of these files in the storage system.
* This command helps network administrators ensure that the correct firmware and configuration files are used when the device boots.
# Reference: HCIP-Datacom Advanced Routing & Switching Technology - System Management and Configuration Files
NEW QUESTION # 154
A company purchased private lines from two operators. In order to optimize the lines, the company used the 6GP protocol to learn from two Route entries that operate off. However, after the enterprise found that this configuration, the traffic of the port route increased greatly, and the network engineering arrangement After investigation, it was found that the traffic of the two operators was passed to each other through the enterprise egress router. Therefore, the enterprise intends to use the routing strategy so that the traffic of the packets of different carriers is no longer passed to each other. Is the configuration in the following figure correct?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 155
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