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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Campus Network Planning and Deployment | 23% | - Overlay Network (VXLAN)
|
| Topic 2: WAN Interconnection Network Planning and Deployment | 8% | - Inter-AS VPN
|
| Topic 3: Bearer WAN Planning and Deployment | 15% | - SR (Segment Routing)
|
| Topic 4: Advanced Routing and Switching Technology | 37% | - Route Control
|
| Topic 5: Network Automation | 17% | - iMaster NCE
|
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質問 # 274
Exhibit:
A loop occurs because Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is not enabled on the network. Which of the following symptoms may occur?
正解：B、C、D
解説：
When Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is not enabled on a network, loops can occur in Layer 2 Ethernet networks, leading to various network issues. STP is designed to prevent loops by blocking redundant paths, and its absence can cause broadcast storms, MAC address table instability, and resource exhaustion. Let's analyze each option in the context of Huawei HCIE Datacom documentation and network behavior:
A . A loop alarm is generated on the LAN switch.
This option is incorrect. Huawei switches, as per HCIE Datacom standards, do not automatically generate a specific "loop alarm" unless configured with loop detection features (e.g., Huawei's Loop Detection Protocol or similar mechanisms). Without STP or loop detection enabled, the switch may not explicitly generate an alarm for a loop; instead, it will exhibit symptoms like broadcast storms or flapping MAC entries. Therefore, this is not a direct symptom of an STP-less loop. Reference: Huawei HCIE Datacom V3.0 Training Materials, Section 4.2 - Spanning Tree Protocol and Loop Prevention.
B . CPU usage is too high.
This option is correct. When a loop occurs without STP, broadcast packets (and sometimes multicast or unknown unicast packets) circulate endlessly in the network. This leads to excessive processing by switches as they handle these packets, resulting in high CPU usage. Huawei switches, as described in HCIE Datacom documentation, can experience CPU overload due to continuous packet forwarding and processing in a looped environment. Reference: Huawei HCIE Datacom V3.0, Chapter 5 - Switch Performance and Loop Management.
C . MAC entries flap.
This option is correct. In a loop without STP, switches continuously receive frames from multiple ports, causing MAC address tables to update repeatedly as the same MAC address appears on different ports. This "flapping" of MAC entries destabilizes the network and can lead to incorrect frame forwarding. Huawei HCIE Datacom emphasizes MAC address table stability as a critical aspect affected by loops, as outlined in Section 4.3 - Ethernet Switching and Loop Mitigation. Reference: Huawei HCIE Datacom V3.0, Section 4.3.
D . Host receives a large number of broadcast packets.
This option is correct. A loop without STP causes broadcast packets to circulate indefinitely, creating a broadcast storm. Hosts connected to the network will receive an overwhelming number of these packets, potentially leading to performance degradation or even network timeouts. This is a well-documented symptom in Huawei HCIE Datacom training, specifically in discussions about loop prevention mechanisms. Reference: Huawei HCIE Datacom V3.0, Chapter 4 - Layer 2 Loop Prevention.
Thus, the correct symptoms of a loop occurring due to the absence of STP include high CPU usage, flapping MAC entries, and hosts receiving a large number of broadcast packets. Option A is incorrect as it requires specific loop detection configuration, which is not implied in the question.
Reference:
Huawei HCIE Datacom V3.0 Training Materials, Sections 4.2, 4.3, and 5 - Spanning Tree Protocol, Loop Prevention, and Switch Performance.
Huawei Official Documentation on Ethernet Switching and Loop Management, available in HCIE Datacom Certification Guides (2023 update).
質問 # 275
In the admission design for large- and medium-sized campus networks, which of the following authentication modes can be used for PCs connected to IP phones?
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
In large- and medium-sized campus networks, Multi-mode authentication is commonly used for PCs connected to IP phones. This is because multi-mode authentication allows:
Multiple authentication methods on the same interface, such as MAC address authentication for the IP phone and 802.1X authentication for the PC.
This setup is ideal for scenarios where both devices share a single network port but require different authentication mechanisms.
MAC address authentication (A) and 802.1X authentication (B) individually cannot accommodate both devices efficiently.
Portal authentication (D) is mainly used for guest access and is not practical for IP phone and PC connections.
Reference:
Huawei HCIE Datacom Official Certification Guide
Huawei Campus Network Admission Control Guide
質問 # 276
An SR-MPLS Policy needs to divert service traffic to a tunnel for forwarding. If traffic from various services is destined for the same address, which of the following traffic diversion modes is recommended to ensure the quality of each service?
正解：C
解説：
Traffic Diversion in SR-MPLS Policy
SR-MPLS Policies use traffic steering mechanisms to direct specific flows to Segment Routing paths (SR Policies). When multiple services share the same destination address, color-based traffic diversion ensures differentiated service treatment.
# B. Color-based traffic diversion (Correct Answer)
* Traffic is classified based on "color" (a BGP-SR policy attribute) and mapped to different SR- MPLS tunnels.
* Different colors represent different paths (e.g., high-priority services can use an optimized low- latency path).
* This method ensures service quality by directing traffic according to policy-based routing decisions.
質問 # 277
The Ingress VTEP performs both Layer 2 and Layer 3 table lookup for packet forwarding. The forwarding mode is ______ IRB forwarding. (Capitalize the first letter.)
正解：
解説：
IntegratedInVXLAN routing, there are two primary IRB forwarding modes:Integrated IRB forwarding: Both Layer 2 and Layer 3 lookups are performed at theIngress VTEPfor more efficient forwarding.Distributed IRBis another mode, but in this scenario, where both L2 and L3 lookups are needed at the Ingress VTEP, the correct mode isIntegrated.Correct answer: Integrated Reference:Huawei HCIE-Datacom V1.0 Study Guide -Chapter: VXLAN RoutingSection: IRB Forwarding Modes
質問 # 278
Which of the following protocols is used in the Huawei SD-WAN Solution to report device performance data?
正解：B
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
TheHuawei SD-WAN SolutionusesHTTP/2as the primary protocol toreport device performance datato the controller.
HTTP/2is chosen for itshigh efficiency, low latency, and enhanced data transfer speed.
It supportsbidirectional communicationbetween devices and the iMaster NCE-Campus controller.
While protocols likeNetFlowandSNMPare traditionally used for monitoring, Huawei SD-WAN specifically usesHTTP/2for real-time performance reporting and control due to its modern web-based architecture.
Reference:
Huawei HCIE Datacom Official Certification Guide
Huawei SD-WAN Solution Guide
Huawei iMaster NCE-Campus Documentation
質問 # 279
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