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| Certification Vendor: | EC-Council |
|---|---|
| Exam Name: | EC-Council Digital Forensics Essentials (DFE) |
| Exam Number: | 112-57 |
| Available Languages: | English |
| Recommended Training: | EC-Council Digital Forensics Essentials Training |
| Exam Registration: | EC-Council Official Certification Page |
| Sample Questions: | EC-COUNCIL 112-57 Sample Questions |
| Exam Way: | Online, self-paced training with assessment (EC-Council iLearn platform or authorized delivery partners) |
| Pre Condition: | No formal prerequisites required; basic understanding of cybersecurity is recommended. |
| Official Syllabus URL: | https://www.eccouncil.org/programs/digital-forensics-essentials-dfe/ |
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NEW QUESTION # 21
Kane, an investigation specialist, was appointed to investigate an incident in an organization's network. In this process, Kane executed a command and identified that a network interface is running in the promiscuous mode and is allowing all incoming packets without any restriction.
In the above scenario, which of the following commands did Kane use to check whether the network interface is set to the promiscuous mode?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Promiscuous mode is a network interface configuration in which the NIC passesall observed framesto the operating system, not only frames addressed to that host's MAC address. In investigations, this matters because promiscuous mode is commonly enabled bypacket sniffers, certain intrusion tools, or misconfigured monitoring software, and it can indicate covert traffic capture on a host.
On UNIX/Linux systems, the traditional command used to view interface flags and status isifconfig < interface name>. When an interface is set to promiscuous mode,ifconfigdisplays aPROMISCflag in the interface's status line, allowing an investigator to confirm whether the NIC is accepting all frames. This directly matches Kane's goal of checking if the interface is running in promiscuous mode.
The other commands do not provide this specific interface flag.nmap -sT localhostscans for open TCP ports, not interface modes.ipconfigis a Windows command (and does not take an interface name in that form to show PROMISC status), and it primarily reports IP configuration.netstat -ishows network interface statistics (packets, errors, drops) but typically does not explicitly indicate promiscuous mode. Therefore, the correct command isifconfig <interface name> (C).
NEW QUESTION # 22
Which of the following types of phishing attacks allows an attacker to exploit instant messaging platforms by employing IM as a tool to spread spam?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Spimmingis defined in digital forensics and cybercrime references asspam over instant messaging (IM). It is a social-engineering variant where attackers use instant messaging platforms (and sometimes chat apps) to deliver unsolicited bulk messages containing malicious links, fraudulent offers, credential-harvesting lures, or malware downloads. Because IM messages are often delivered in real time and can appear to come from known contacts (via compromised accounts), spimming can achieve higher click-through rates than traditional email spam. For investigators, spimming incidents commonly leave artifacts such as chat logs, message timestamps, sender identifiers, embedded URLs, and sometimes downloaded payload traces on the endpoint.
These artifacts help establish attacker infrastructure (domains, IPs), victim interaction (click events, file creation), and timeline correlation with network logs.
The other options do not match the "IM as a tool to spread spam" description.Whalingtargets high-profile individuals via highly tailored phishing, typically email-based.Pharmingredirects users to fraudulent websites (often via DNS or host-file manipulation) without relying on bulk IM spam.Spear phishingis targeted phishing toward specific individuals or groups, not necessarily IM spam. Therefore, the phishing/spam attack that exploits instant messaging platforms isSpimming (C).
NEW QUESTION # 23
Benoy, a security professional at an organization, extracted Apache access log entries to view critical information about all the operations performed on a web server. The Apache access log extracted by Benoy is given below:
"10.10.10.10 - Jason [17/Aug/2019:00:12:34 +0300] "GET /images/content/bg_body_1.jpg HTTP/1.0" 500
1458"
Identify the HTTP status code in the Apache access log entry above that indicates the response was successful.
Answer: D
Explanation:
In the Apache Combined/Custom access log format, the value immediately after the quoted request (here," GET ... HTTP/1.0") is theHTTP status codereturned by the server. In the provided entry, that field is500.
From a forensic analysis standpoint, recognizing field positions matters because investigators correlate client IPs, timestamps, requested resources, and server outcomes to reconstruct attack timelines and identify failed exploitation attempts or misconfigurations.
It is important to note thatsuccessful HTTP responses are typically in the 2xx range, most commonly200 (OK), while3xxindicates redirects,4xxindicates client-side errors (such as 404 Not Found), and5xxindicates server-side failures. Specifically,500represents anInternal Server Error, meaning the server encountered an unexpected condition and could not fulfill the request successfully.
The other options are not HTTP status codes in this entry:+0300is the timezone offset in the timestamp,1.0is the HTTP protocol version, and2019is part of the date. Therefore, the only HTTP status code present-and the correct choice among the options-is500 (B), even though it reflects an error rather than success.
NEW QUESTION # 24
In which of the following malware distribution techniques does the attacker use tactics such as keyword stuffing, doorway pages, page swapping, and adding unrelated keywords to improve the search-engine ranking of their malware pages?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The technique described-keyword stuffing, doorway pages, page swapping, and inserting unrelated high- traffic keywords-matchesblack-hat search-engine optimization (SEO), often calledSEO poisoningin digital forensics and threat intelligence materials. In this distribution method, attackers manipulate search engine ranking algorithms so that malicious or malware-hosting pages appear near the top of search results for popular queries (breaking news, software downloads, trending events, adult content, etc.). Doorway pages are created to rank well for specific terms and then funnel victims to malicious landing pages. Page swapping (or
"bait-and-switch") occurs when a page is optimized and indexed as benign content, but later replaced or dynamically served as malicious content once it has gained ranking and trust signals. Keyword stuffing and unrelated keyword injection further exploit ranking heuristics by artificially increasing perceived relevance.
From a forensic perspective, black-hat SEO campaigns often leave artifacts such as compromised websites with injected spam links, abnormal redirect chains, cloaking behavior (different content for crawlers vs.
users), and malicious scripts or exploit kit references. The other options do not primarily rely on search ranking manipulation: drive-by downloads are about silent exploitation on visit, spearphishing relies on targeted messaging, and clickjacking tricks users into unintended clicks. Hence,Black-hat search-engine optimization (C)is correct.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Below are the various steps involved in forensic readiness planning.
Keep an incident response team ready to review the incident and preserve the evidence.
Create a process for documenting the procedure.
Identify the potential evidence required for an incident.
Determine the sources of evidence.
Establish a legal advisory board to guide the investigation process.
Identify if the incident requires full or formal investigation.
Establish a policy for securely handling and storing the collected evidence.
Define a policy that determines the pathway to legally extract electronic evidence with minimal disruption.
Identify the correct sequence of steps involved in forensic readiness planning.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Forensic readiness planning focuses on ensuring an organization canlegally, efficiently, and reliablycollect usable digital evidence before an incident occurs. The planning sequence typically begins by definingwhat evidence would be neededto support likely incidents (3) and then mappingwhere that evidence residesacross systems, services, logs, endpoints, and network components (4). Once evidence needs and sources are known, readiness requires alegally compliant extraction pathwaythat minimizes business disruption and prevents evidence contamination (8). After defining extraction, an organization must formalizesecure handling and storage policies(chain of custody, access control, retention, integrity protection) so collected evidence remains admissible and trustworthy (7).
With those foundations in place, the organization can define decision criteria forwhen an event becomes a formal investigationand triggers deeper forensic procedures (6). A structureddocumentation processis then set so actions taken during acquisition and analysis are repeatable and defensible (2). Governance is reinforced by establishinglegal oversight/advisory supportto ensure compliance with jurisdictional requirements and internal policy (5). Finally, the plan is operationalized by ensuring anincident response team is preparedto preserve evidence promptly when incidents occur (1). Hence,3#4#8#7#6#2#5#1is the correct sequence.
NEW QUESTION # 26
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