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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: AI Lifecycle Controls | - Controls across AI development lifecycle
|
| Topic 2: AI Risk Management | - Risk identification and assessment for AI systems
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| Topic 3: Ethics, Privacy, and Responsible AI | - Ethical AI principles and compliance
|
| Topic 4: Regulatory and Compliance Requirements | - Global AI regulatory landscape
|
| Topic 5: AI Governance and Strategy | - AI governance frameworks and organizational oversight
|
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질문 # 110
Which of the following BEST mitigates risk associated with evasion attacks on AI models?
정답:D
설명:
Evasion attacks involve adversaries crafting inputs specifically designed to fool AI models into producing incorrect outputs-for example, manipulating images to evade object detection or modifying text to bypass content classifiers. Detecting these attacks requires identifying inputs that are statistically unusual or inconsistent with legitimate use patterns.
Why B is Correct: The ISACA AAIR adversarial AI security guidance identifies anomaly detection as the most effective mitigation for evasion attacks. Anomaly detection systems monitor input distributions, model query patterns, and output characteristics for statistical deviations that indicate adversarial manipulation. By identifying inputs that fall outside expected distributions or trigger unusual model responses, anomaly detection catches evasion attempts before they produce harmful outputs.
Why A is Wrong: API rate limiting controls query frequency to prevent brute-force model probing but does not detect or prevent crafted adversarial inputs sent at normal rates. An attacker can evade rate limits by spacing requests or distributing queries.
Why C is Wrong: Predictive analytics uses historical patterns to forecast future outcomes. It does not specifically detect real-time adversarial manipulation of model inputs.
Why D is Wrong: Feature importance weighting adjusts how much different input features influence model predictions. While it can improve robustness to irrelevant features, it does not detect adversarial inputs specifically crafted to exploit important features.
질문 # 111
Which of the following is the PRIMARY benefit of defining and documenting a RACI matrix for AI solution development and deployment?
정답:B
설명:
A RACI (Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed) matrix is a governance tool that explicitly maps roles and decision authority across project activities. For AI systems, RACI frameworks ensure that accountability for decisions, outputs, and risk management is clearly defined and documented.
Why D is Correct: The ISACA AAIR curriculum identifies the RACI matrix as a foundational accountability instrument. Its primary benefit is establishing unambiguous responsibility and decision authority, which is essential for AI governance where multiple stakeholders-technical teams, business owners, risk practitioners, compliance officers-must work together with clear lanes of authority. This clarity prevents accountability gaps and ensures risk management actions are owned.
Why A is Wrong: Facilitating collaboration is a secondary benefit. While RACI does support cross-functional coordination, collaboration enablement is not its defining purpose. Collaboration can occur without a RACI through other mechanisms.
Why B is Wrong: Consolidating governance authority in senior leadership describes centralization, which is not the purpose of RACI. In fact, RACI typically distributes responsibility across multiple levels rather than consolidating it.
Why C is Wrong: Strengthening technical development governance is an application of the RACI, not its primary benefit. The RACI benefit is accountability clarity, which then supports technical and architectural governance.
질문 # 112
Which of the following is the GREATEST concern when AI risk management operates separately from enterprise risk management (ERM)?
정답:C
설명:
Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) provides the strategic framework within which all organizational risks- including AI risks-should be managed. When AI risk management operates in isolation, it loses connection to enterprise strategy, risk appetite, and cross-functional control objectives.
Why A is Correct: The ISACA AAIR curriculum identifies strategic control alignment as a foundational ERM integration requirement. When AI risk operates independently, controls may conflict with or duplicate enterprise controls, risk appetite thresholds may differ, and AI risks cannot be aggregated or prioritized alongside other organizational risks. This misalignment creates blind spots at the enterprise level and undermines coherent strategic risk management.
Why B is Wrong: Inconsistent regulatory reporting is a compliance concern but is a downstream consequence of poor governance rather than the greatest organizational risk from separation. Regulatory gaps can often be patched operationally without full integration.
Why C is Wrong: Training cost increases represent a financial efficiency concern unrelated to the governance challenge of separate risk management functions. ROI impacts are not driven by organizational structure of risk management.
Why D is Wrong: Redundant documentation is an operational inefficiency, not a strategic risk. Duplicated records are wasteful but do not threaten organizational strategy or expose the enterprise to unmanaged risk.
질문 # 113
Which of the following is the PRIMARY benefit of implementing a formal data disposition process for AI training and operational datasets?
정답:B
설명:
Within the ISACA Advanced in AI Risk framework, life-cycle controls should protect data quality, model design, testing, validation, monitoring, change management, and secure retirement of AI systems. A formal data disposition process reduces unnecessary retention of AI training and operational data, thereby lowering the amount of sensitive information exposed to breach and reducing noncompliance with retention or data- minimization obligations. This makes option D, Reducing exposure to breaches and regulatory penalties, the strongest answer. The other choices describe narrower technical, operational, performance, or administrative considerations and do not address the primary risk-management objective in the scenario as directly. A risk practitioner should select the response that most effectively reduces the stated exposure while preserving appropriate oversight, traceability, and alignment with organizational risk tolerance and business requirements.
질문 # 114
Which of the following is the MOST appropriate key performance indicator (KPI) for the effectiveness of a targeted AI risk awareness training program?
정답:A
설명:
Training program effectiveness KPIs must measure behavioral change-whether training has actually altered how participants act in their work environment-rather than knowledge acquisition or adoption rates. The most meaningful behavioral signal for AI risk awareness training is whether trained users report suspicious activity.
Why B is Correct: According to ISACA AAIR training effectiveness measurement guidance, the number of AI irregularities and potential tampering incidents reported by users is the most appropriate behavioral KPI for risk awareness training effectiveness. When users report unusual AI behavior, this demonstrates they have internalized training concepts well enough to recognize anomalies and understand their obligation to report them. This behavioral change-from passive observation to active reporting-is the intended outcome of awareness training.
Why A is Wrong: Risk rating changes measure risk management process adjustments rather than individual behavioral change from training. Risk ratings reflect aggregate organizational risk, not the specific behavioral impact of an awareness training program.
Why C is Wrong: Ability to identify financial impacts is a knowledge assessment metric-it measures what users know rather than what they do differently as a result of training. Awareness training aims to change behavior, not just inform.
Why D is Wrong: AI adoption rates measure technology uptake, not risk awareness. Higher adoption could indicate confidence in AI systems but does not measure whether employees recognize and report AI risks- the specific objective of risk awareness training.
질문 # 115
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