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NEW QUESTION # 68
Based on the HA topology image below, which two statements describe the end-state when power is removed from the ION 1200-S labeled "Active", assuming that the ION labeled "Standby" becomes the active ION?
(Choose two.)
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
Prisma SD-WAN High Availability (HA) for branch ION devices, particularly the Gen-2 ION 1200-S, is designed to provide "100% WAN Capacity" preservation during a hardware or power failure. This is achieved through the use of Bypass Pairs (Fail-to-Wire). In the provided topology, the ISP A and LTE/5G circuits are cross-connected using the bypass ports (typically ports 3 and 4 on the ION 1200-S).
When the "Active" ION device loses power, the internal physical relays in its bypass ports transition to a closed state, effectively creating a physical bridge between the ports. In this scenario, the LTE/5G signal- which enters the Active ION's port 4-is mechanically bridged to port 3, allowing it to pass through to port 4 of the Standby ION. Simultaneously, ISP A is already connected to the Standby ION. Consequently, once the Standby device completes its transition to the "Active" state, it has physical access to both WAN circuits, validating Statement A.
Regarding the LAN transition, Prisma SD-WAN does not use standard VRRP for ION-to-ION HA; instead, it uses a proprietary Control Plane HA mechanism. When the failover occurs, the newly active ION takes over the IP addresses of all configured Switch Virtual Interfaces (SVIs) and LAN interfaces. To ensure the downstream Layer 2 infrastructure (like the LAN switches shown in the diagram) updates its MAC address tables to point to the new physical hardware for those IPs, the newly active ION immediately broadcasts a Gratuitous ARP (GARP). This ensures that LAN traffic is correctly steered to the new device without a significant timeout, validating Statement C.
NEW QUESTION # 69
Which metrics can be monitored at the individual Prisma SD-WAN ION device level to assess its health and operational performance?
Answer: D
Explanation:
To ensure the stability and performance of the SD-WAN fabric, Prisma SD-WAN provides granular visibility into the health of each Instant-On Network (ION) appliance. While the solution is primarily application- defined, monitoring the underlying physical and system resources of the hardware or virtual instance is critical for proactive maintenance and troubleshooting.
At the individual device level, administrators can monitor system resource utilization, which includes CPU usage, memory (RAM) consumption, and disk space availability.1 High CPU or memory usage can indicate that the device is reaching its throughput limits or that a specific process (such as deep packet inspection) is overtaxing the system. Disk utilization is monitored to ensure there is sufficient space for local logs and system operations.
Beyond internal system health, interface-level metrics are essential. This includes monitoring interface bandwidth utilization to identify bottlenecks on WAN or LAN ports. Crucially, operational performance is also assessed through error and discard counters on each interface. High error rates or frequent packet discards often signal physical layer issues (like bad cabling), duplex mismatches, or upstream provider congestion. While VPN status and application flows are vital for network-wide visibility, the core health of an ION device is defined by these foundational system and interface metrics.
Monitoring these specific parameters allows network engineers to distinguish between an application performance issue caused by network latency and one caused by a local hardware resource constraint.
NEW QUESTION # 70
What is the number and structure of Prisma SD-WAN QoS queues supported per WAN interface?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation
The Prisma SD-WAN (ION) QoS engine utilizes a hierarchical queuing structure designed to provide granular control over application performance. Each WAN interface on an ION device supports a total of 16 QoS queues.
This 16-queue structure is derived from a matrix of 4 Classes (often referred to as Priority Classes) multiplied by 4 Application Criteria (Traffic Types).2
4 Priority Classes: The system defines four high-level business priority categories:3 Platinum (Highest priority)4 Gold Silver Bronze (Lowest priority/Best Effort)5
4 Application Criteria (Sub-queues): Within each of the four priority classes, the system further categorizes traffic into four specific application types to ensure proper handling (e.g., ensuring voice doesn't get stuck behind bulk data even within the same priority level):6 Real-Time Video Real-Time Audio Transactional Bulk7 Calculation: 4 Priority Classes × 4 Application Types = 16 Total Queues per interface. This structure allows the scheduler to ensure that a "Platinum" voice call is prioritized over "Platinum" bulk data, and both are prioritized over "Gold" traffic.
NEW QUESTION # 71
What is the default action for real-time media applications if link performance is poor?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation
According to the Prisma SD-WAN Performance Policy Default Behavior documentation, the default action configured for applications (including real-time media) when a path experiences poor performance (violates the SLA thresholds for latency, jitter, or packet loss) is to Move Flows.
The Prisma SD-WAN ION device continuously monitors the health of all available paths. If the active path for a media application degrades and fails to meet the specified SLA, the default policy dictates that the traffic should be steered (moved) to an alternate, compliant path that meets the performance criteria.
While Forward Error Correction (FEC) is a powerful feature available in Prisma SD-WAN to mitigate packet loss for real-time applications, it is an optional action that must be explicitly enabled or configured within the performance policy rules. It is not the default action in the base system configuration; the primary default mechanism for handling performance issues is to leverage the multi-path fabric to switch to a better link.
Reference: Prisma SD-WAN Administrator's Guide: Performance Policy Default Behavior
NEW QUESTION # 72
When identifying devices for IoT classification purposes, which two methods does Prisma SD-WAN use to discover devices that are not directly connected to the branch ION? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation
Prisma SD-WAN (formerly CloudGenix) integrates with Palo Alto Networks IoT Security to provide comprehensive visibility into all devices at a branch, including those that are not directly connected to the ION device. While the ION automatically detects and classifies devices connected directly to its interfaces via traffic inspection (DPI), DHCP, and ARP analysis, gaining visibility into off-branch devices (devices connected to downstream switches or access points) requires additional discovery mechanisms that can query the network infrastructure or ingest its logs.
1. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol): This is the primary active discovery method for off- branch devices. The Prisma SD-WAN ION device acts as a sensor that actively polls local network switches and wireless controllers using SNMP. By querying the ARP tables and MAC address tables (Bridge MIBs) of these intermediate network devices, the ION can identify endpoints that are connected to the switch ports, even if those endpoints are not currently sending traffic through the ION. This allows the system to map the topology and discover silent or lateral-traffic-only devices.
2. Syslog: In conjunction with SNMP, the IoT Security solution can utilize Syslog messages to discover and profile devices. Network infrastructure devices (like switches and WLAN controllers) can be configured to send Syslog messages to the collection point (which enables the IoT Security service) whenever a device connects or disconnects (e.g., port up/down events, DHCP snooping logs, or 802.1x authentication logs).
These logs provide real-time data about device presence and identity (MAC/IP mappings) for devices that are not directly adjacent to the ION, ensuring 100% visibility across the branch network segments. LLDP (A) and CDP (B) are typically Link Layer discovery protocols used for discovering directly connected neighbors and do not propagate beyond the immediate link, making them unsuitable for discovering devices multiple hops away or behind a switch.
NEW QUESTION # 73
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