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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Safety and Compliance | 26% | - HIPAA & patient confidentiality - Infection control & OSHA standards - Quality control & error prevention - Bloodborne pathogens & exposure control - PPE & sharps disposal |
| Special Collections | 12% | - Pediatric & geriatric collections - Blood alcohol & legal collections - Therapeutic drug monitoring - Glucose tolerance & dynamic tests - Blood cultures & sterile collection |
| Specimen Processing & Handling | 14% | - Specimen rejection criteria - Documentation & tracking - Processing & centrifugation - Aliquoting & preservation - Transport & storage requirements |
| Patient Preparation | 20% | - Patient positioning & comfort - Informed consent & communication - Requisition review & test verification - Patient identification & verification - Site selection & preparation |
| Routine Blood Collections | 28% | - Post-collection care & labeling - Venipuncture techniques & equipment - Capillary puncture procedures - Tourniquet use & vein assessment - Order of draw & tube selection |
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NEW QUESTION # 76
Which of the following PPE should a phlebotomist wear when there is a risk of blood splatter during collection?
Answer: D
Explanation:
When there is a risk of blood splatter, the phlebotomist should wear eye and face protection, such as a face shield or goggles with a mask. Standard gloves protect the hands but do not protect the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, and mouth. Sterile gloves are not routinely required for standard venipuncture; clean gloves are typically used unless a sterile procedure is specified. Shoe covers are not the primary protection for facial splash exposure. An N95 respirator protects against airborne particles but does not replace splash protection unless combined with appropriate eye and face protection when needed. The correct PPE is based on anticipated exposure. A routine venipuncture may require gloves only, but procedures with splash risk require additional barriers. The phlebotomist must evaluate the procedure, patient behavior, specimen type, and environment before collection. PPE use also includes proper donning, removal, disposal, and hand hygiene after glove removal. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; PPE selection; standard precautions; splash exposure; mucous membrane protection.
NEW QUESTION # 77
Which of the following actions demonstrates active listening by a phlebotomist?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Restating the patient's concern for clarification demonstrates active listening. Active listening means giving attention, confirming understanding, and responding appropriately to the patient's expressed concern. For example, if a patient says, "I always pass out," the phlebotomist might respond, "You have fainted during blood draws before, so I'm going to position you safely and get assistance if needed." Interrupting the patient to save time is poor communication and may cause the technician to miss safety information. Looking away while the patient speaks can appear dismissive and reduce trust. Saying all patients feel the same way minimizes the patient's concern and is not individualized care. Active listening improves patient cooperation, consent, safety, and collection success. It also helps identify issues such as needle fear, syncope history, allergies, fasting noncompliance, language barriers, or previous complications. In phlebotomy, communication is not soft decoration; it is a safety tool. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; active listening; patient communication; anxiety reduction; patient interview.
NEW QUESTION # 78
Which of the following should a sharps container have?
Answer: B
Explanation:
A sharps container should have a leakproof lid or leak-resistant closure to prevent contaminated blood or fluid from escaping during handling, storage, or transport. Sharps containers must also be puncture-resistant, closable, upright and stable during use, and properly labeled or color-coded as biohazardous. A "room temperature" label is used for certain specimen storage or transport conditions, not for sharps disposal. A 1-gallon capacity is not a universal requirement; sharps containers come in multiple approved sizes depending on the setting and volume of use. Dual openings are not required and could increase risk if poorly designed. The essential safety standard is containment: the device must prevent puncture injury and leakage while allowing safe disposal at the point of use. The phlebotomist must never overfill a sharps container, reach into it, shake it, force items into it, or dispose of sharps in regular trash or soft biohazard bags. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; sharps container requirements; biohazard disposal; OSHA bloodborne pathogen safety; needlestick prevention.
NEW QUESTION # 79
Which of the following is the maximum allowed time for a tourniquet application before possibly affecting test results?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The maximum recommended tourniquet application time before results may be affected is 60 seconds. A tourniquet is applied to increase venous filling and make the vein easier to locate and access, but prolonged application causes venous stasis and hemoconcentration. When blood remains trapped below the tourniquet too long, fluid shifts from the vascular space into surrounding tissue, concentrating cells, proteins, and protein-bound analytes. This can falsely elevate results such as potassium, calcium, proteins, and other chemistry values. It can also increase patient discomfort and make the collection more difficult. Thirty and forty-five seconds are acceptable but are not the maximum allowed time. Ninety seconds is too long and increases the risk of altered test values. Correct practice is to apply the tourniquet only long enough to select the site and establish blood flow, then release it promptly, especially before removing the needle. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; tourniquet application; hemoconcentration; venipuncture preanalytical variables.
NEW QUESTION # 80
Which of the following actions should a phlebotomy technician take upon withdrawing a winged infusion needle?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Upon withdrawing a winged infusion needle, the phlebotomy technician should activate the safety device. Winged infusion sets have a built-in safety mechanism designed to shield or retract the needle after use, reducing the risk of needlestick injury and bloodborne pathogen exposure. The device should be activated immediately according to the manufacturer's instructions and then disposed of in an appropriate sharps container. Disposing of a 16-gauge needle is not the best answer because winged sets for routine phlebotomy are not typically described as 16-gauge, and disposal occurs after safety activation. Placing a capillary pipette in clay relates to microhematocrit tube sealing, not venipuncture completion. Depressing a syringe plunger is unrelated to winged needle removal and could create exposure or specimen-handling problems if done incorrectly. The critical safety action is engineering-control use: activate the safety feature without recapping or unnecessary handling. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; Safety and Compliance; winged infusion sets; needle withdrawal; sharps safety; needlestick prevention. NHA CPT domains include equipment selection, needle removal, safety-device use, and exposure-control procedures.
NEW QUESTION # 81
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