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우리PassTIP 사이트에서IIBA IIBA-CCA관련자료의 일부 문제와 답 등 샘플을 제공함으로 여러분은 무료로 다운받아 체험해보실 수 있습니다.체험 후 우리의PassTIP에 신뢰감을 느끼게 됩니다.빨리 우리 PassTIP의 덤프를 만나보세요.
질문 # 61
How does Transport Layer Security ensure the reliability of a connection?
정답：A
설명：
Transport Layer Security (TLS) strengthens the trustworthiness of application communications by ensuring that data exchanged over an untrusted network is not silently modified and is coming from the expected endpoint. While TCP provides delivery features such as sequencing and retransmission, TLS contributes to what many cybersecurity documents describe as "reliable" secure communication by adding cryptographic integrity protections. TLS uses integrity checks (such as message authentication codes in older versions/cipher suites, or authenticated encryption modes like AES-GCM and ChaCha20-Poly1305 in modern TLS) so that any alteration of data in transit is detected. If an attacker intercepts traffic and tries to change commands, session data, or application content, the integrity verification fails and the connection is typically terminated, preventing corrupted or manipulated messages from being accepted as valid.
This is distinct from merely being "stateful" (a transport-layer property) or "using TCP/IP" (a networking stack choice). TLS can run over TCP and relies on TCP for delivery reliability, but TLS itself is focused on confidentiality, integrity, and endpoint authentication. Public/private keys and certificates are used during the TLS handshake to authenticate servers (and optionally clients) and to establish shared session keys, but the ongoing protection that prevents undetected tampering is the integrity check on each protected record. Therefore, the best match to how TLS ensures secure, dependable communication is the message integrity mechanism described in option B.
질문 # 62
What operational practice would risk managers employ to demonstrate the effectiveness of security controls?
정답：B
설명：
Risk managers demonstrate the effectiveness of security controls by using metrics reporting because metrics provide objective, repeatable evidence that controls are operating as intended and are producing measurable outcomes. In cybersecurity governance, "control effectiveness" is shown through performance indicators and trend data, not just by stating that a control exists. Metrics translate technical activity into risk-relevant results that leadership can understand and act on.
Common control-effectiveness metrics include patch compliance rates and time-to-remediate critical vulnerabilities, percentage of systems meeting secure configuration baselines, multifactor authentication coverage, privileged access review completion rates, mean time to detect and respond, incident volume and severity trends, phishing simulation outcomes, and the percentage of logs successfully collected and retained for monitoring. Risk managers also use key risk indicators to track whether residual risk is increasing or decreasing, and they compare results against defined thresholds and risk appetite.
While penetration testing can validate exposure and reveal weaknesses, it is periodic and scenario-based; it does not continuously demonstrate ongoing control performance across the environment. Change management is essential for stability and risk reduction, but it is a process control rather than a reporting practice used to demonstrate effectiveness. Security awareness training improves user behavior, yet effectiveness still needs measurement through metrics such as completion rates and simulated phishing results. Therefore, metrics reporting is the operational practice most directly used to demonstrate control effectiveness.
질문 # 63
What common mitigation tool is used for directly handling or treating cyber risks?
정답：A
설명：
In cybersecurity risk management, risk treatment is the set of actions used to reduce risk to an acceptable level. The most common tool used to directly treat or mitigate cyber risk is a control because controls are the specific safeguards that prevent, detect, or correct adverse events. Cybersecurity frameworks describe controls as measures implemented to reduce either the likelihood of a threat event occurring or the impact if it does occur. Controls can be technical (such as multifactor authentication, encryption, endpoint protection, network segmentation, logging and monitoring), administrative (policies, standards, training, access approvals, change management), or physical (badges, locks, facility protections). Regardless of type, controls are the direct mechanism used to mitigate identified risks.
An exit strategy is typically a vendor or outsourcing risk management concept focused on how to transition away from a provider or system; it supports resilience but is not the primary tool for directly mitigating a specific cyber risk. Standards guide consistency by defining required practices and configurations, but the standard itself is not the mitigation-controls implemented to meet the standard are. A business continuity plan supports availability and recovery after disruption, which is important, but it primarily addresses continuity and recovery rather than directly reducing the underlying cybersecurity risk in normal operations. Therefore, the best answer is the one that represents the direct implementation of safeguards: controls.
질문 # 64
If a system contains data with differing security categories, how should this be addressed in the categorization process?
정답：D
설명：
When a system processes multiple information types with different security categorizations, cybersecurity standards require the system's overall security categorization to reflect the highest impact level among those information types. This is commonly called the high-water mark approach. The reason is straightforward: the system is only as secure as the protection applied to the most sensitive or most mission-critical data it handles. If the system were categorized at the lowest impact value, an attacker could target the weaker control baseline and still reach higher-impact information, creating an unacceptable gap in confidentiality, integrity, or availability protection.
In practice, categorization evaluates the potential impact of loss for each of the three security objectives and then selects the highest level for each objective across all information types handled by the system. That resulting system categorization then drives control selection, assurance activities, and the rigor of monitoring and incident response expectations. This approach also supports consistent governance: it prevents under-protecting systems that contain a mix of low and high sensitivity information and aligns control strength with worst-case business impact.
Segregating data across systems can be a valid architecture decision to reduce cost or scope, but it is not the required categorization rule; it is an optional design strategy that must be justified and implemented securely. Merging categories or using the lowest value contradicts risk-based protection principles and would likely fail compliance and audit scrutiny.
질문 # 65
What is risk mitigation?
정답：A
설명：
Risk mitigation is the risk treatment approach focused on reducing risk to an acceptable level by lowering either the likelihood of a risk event, the impact of that event, or both. In cybersecurity risk management, mitigation is accomplished by implementing controls and countermeasures such as technical safeguards, process changes, and administrative measures. Examples include patching vulnerable systems, hardening configurations, enabling multi-factor authentication, applying least privilege, network segmentation, encryption, improved logging and monitoring, secure development practices, and user awareness training. Each of these actions reduces exposure or limits damage if an incident occurs.
The other options describe different risk treatment strategies, not mitigation. Purchasing insurance is generally considered risk transfer, where financial impact is shifted to a third party, but the underlying threat and vulnerability may still exist. Eliminating risk by stopping the risky activity is risk avoidance; it removes the exposure by discontinuing the process, system, or behavior causing the risk. Documenting the risk and preparing a recovery plan aligns more closely with risk acceptance combined with contingency planning or resilience planning; it acknowledges the risk and focuses on recovery rather than reducing the probability of occurrence.
Therefore, the correct definition of risk mitigation is reducing the risk through implementing one or more countermeasures.
질문 # 66
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PassTIP는 여러분의 시간을 절약해드릴 뿐만 아니라 여러분들이 안심하고 응시하여 순조로이 패스할수 있도록 도와주는 사이트입니다. PassTIP는 믿을 수 있는 사이트입니다. IT업계에서는 이미 많이 알려 져있습니다. 그리고 여러분에 신뢰를 드리기 위하여IIBA IIBA-CCA관련자료의 일부분 문제와 답 등 샘플을 무료로 다운받아 체험해볼 수 있게 제공합니다. 아주 만족할 것이라고 믿습니다. 우리는PassTIP제품에 대하여 아주 자신이 있습니다. 우리IIBA IIBA-CCA도 여러분의 무용지물이 아닌 아주 중요한 자료가 되리라 믿습니다. 여러분께서는 아주 순조로이 시험을 패스하실 수 있을 것입니다. PassTIP선택은 틀림없을 것이며 여러분의 만족할만한 제품만을 제공할것입니다.
IIBA-CCA완벽한 덤프문제자료: https://www.passtip.net/IIBA-CCA-pass-exam.html