ISQI CTFL_Syll_4.0 Online Practice Test (ISQI-CTFL_Syll_4.0-Practice-Test)

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ISQI CTFL_Syll_4.0 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Section	Weight	Objectives
Topic 1: Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle	20%	- Software Development Lifecycle Models 1. Iterative and incremental development models 2. Sequential development models 3. Agile and DevOps approaches - Test Levels 1. Integration testing 2. Acceptance testing 3. Component testing 4. System testing - Test Types 1. Confirmation testing and regression testing 2. Non-functional testing 3. Black-box testing 4. Functional testing - Maintenance Testing 1. Impact analysis 2. Triggers for maintenance 3. Types of maintenance testing
Topic 2: Fundamentals of Testing	20%	- The Psychology of Testing 1. Cognitive biases 2. Human psychology and testing 3. Tester mindset and developer's mindset - Why is Testing Necessary? 1. Quality assurance and testing 2. Defects, root causes, and consequences 3. Testing's contribution to success 4. Errors, defects, and failures - Test Process 1. Test work products 2. Test activities and tasks 3. Traceability between the test basis and test items 4. Testing as a process - What is Testing? 1. Typical testing objectives 2. Testing and debugging
Topic 3: Static Testing	15%	- Static Testing Basics 1. Value of static testing 2. Static testing and the test process - Review Process 1. Roles and responsibilities in reviews 2. Review types and their characteristics 3. Success factors for reviews 4. Review phases
Topic 4: Test Analysis and Design	20%	- Experience-Based Test Techniques 1. Checklist-based testing 2. Exploratory testing 3. Error guessing - Test Techniques 1. Boundary value analysis 2. Equivalence partitioning 3. Decision table testing 4. State transition testing 5. Path testing 6. Statement testing and decision testing - Characteristics of Good Tests 1. Test case design principles 2. Coverage and efficiency
Topic 5: Managing the Test Activities	25%	- Risk-Based Testing 1. Risk mitigation 2. Risk assessment 3. Risk identification - Configuration Management 1. Configuration management activities - Test Monitoring and Control 1. Test reporting 2. Metrics used in test monitoring and control - Defect Management 1. Defect reporting tools 2. Defect lifecycle 3. Defect report fields - Test Planning 1. Entry criteria and exit criteria 2. Purpose and content of a test plan 3. Test estimation techniques
Topic 6: Tool Support for Testing	0%	- Tools Support 1. Test execution tools 2. Test planning and control tools 3. Performance measurement and dynamic analysis tools 4. Test harness and unit test framework tools 5. Test design and test implementation tools - Benefits and Risks of Test Automation 1. Tool selection and adoption 2. Automated and manual testing trade-offs

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ISQI ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 Sample Questions (Q280-Q285):

NEW QUESTION # 280
Following a risk-based testing approach you have designed 10 tests to cover a product risk with a high-risk level. You want to estimate, adopting the three-point test estimation technique, the test effort required to reduce the risk level to zero by executing those 10 tests. You made the following three initial estimates:
* most optimistic = 6 person hours
* most likely = 30 person hours
* most pessimistic = 54 person hours
Based only on the given information, which of the following answers about the three-point test estimation technique applied to this problem is true?

A. The final estimate is exactly 30 person hours because the technique uses the initial most likely estimate as the final estimate
B. The final estimate is between 6 person hours and 54 person hours
C. The final estimate is exactly 30 person hours because the technique uses the arithmetic mean of the three initial estimates as the final estimate
D. The final estimate is between 22 person hours and 38 person hours

Answer: D

Explanation:
The three-point test estimation technique is a method of estimating the test effort based on three initial estimates: the most optimistic, the most likely, and the most pessimistic. The technique uses a weighted average of these three estimates to calculate the final estimate, which is also known as the expected value. The formula for the expected value is:
Expected value = (most optimistic + 4 * most likely + most pessimistic) / 6 Using the given values, the expected value is:
Expected value = (6 + 4 * 30 + 54) / 6 Expected value = 30 person hours However, the expected value is not the only factor to consider when estimating the test effort. The technique also calculates the standard deviation, which is a measure of the variability or uncertainty of the estimates.
The formula for the standard deviation is:
Standard deviation = (most pessimistic - most optimistic) / 6
Using the given values, the standard deviation is:
Standard deviation = (54 - 6) / 6 Standard deviation = 8 person hours
The standard deviation can be used to determine a range of possible values for the test effort, based on a certain level of confidence. For example, using a 68% confidence level, the range is:
Expected value ± standard deviation
Using the calculated values, the range is:
30 ± 8 person hours
Therefore, the final estimate is between 22 person hours and 38 person hours, which is option A.
1: ISTQBCertified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.01, Section 2.3.2, page 24-25; ISTQBGlossary v4.
02, page 33.

NEW QUESTION # 281
Which of the following statements about traceability is FALSE?

A. Traceability can be established and maintained through all the test documentation for a given test level, such as from test conditions through test cases to test scripts.
B. Traceability between test basis items and the test cases designed to cover them, makes it possible to determine which test basis items have been covered by the executed test cases.
C. Traceability between test basis items and the test cases designed to cover them, enables identification of which test cases will be affected by changes to the test basis items.
D. Traceability between test basis items and the test cases designed to cover them, enables experience-based test techniques to be applied

Answer: D

Explanation:
Traceability primarily refers to the ability to link test cases back to their sources in the test basis, such as requirements or design documents. This linkage allows for the determination of coverage, impact analysis, and maintaining consistency across test documentation. However, traceability does not directly enable the application of experience-based test techniques, which are more about using the tester's intuition and experience. The ISTQB CTFL Syllabus v4.0 does not state that traceability enables experience-based techniques, making option B the false statement.

NEW QUESTION # 282
What is test oracle?

A. The source of lest objectives
B. The source of expected results
C. The source of input conditions
D. The source for the actual results

Answer: B

Explanation:
A test oracle is a mechanism or principle that can be used to determine whether the observed behavior or output of a system under test is correct or not1. A test oracle can be based on various sources of expected results, such as specifications, user expectations, previous versions, comparable systems, etc2. Reference: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 Syllabus, Section 1.2.1, Page 91; ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms, Version 4.0, Page 332.

NEW QUESTION # 283
The fact that defects are usually not evenly distributed among the various modules that make up a software application, but rather their distribution tend to reflect the Pareto principle:

A. is expressed by the testing principle referred to as 'Bug prediction'
B. is expressed by the testing principle referred to as Tests wear out'
C. is a false myth
D. is expressed by the testing principle referred to as 'Defects cluster together'

Answer: D

Explanation:
The fact that defects are usually not evenly distributed among the various modules that make up a software application, but rather their distribution tend to reflect the Pareto principle, is expressed by the testing principle referred to as 'Defects cluster together'. This principle states that a small number of modules contain most of the defects detected, or that a small number of causes are responsible for most of the defects. This principle can be used to guide the test analysis and design activities, by prioritizing the testing of the most critical or risky modules, or by applying more rigorous test techniques to them. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

NEW QUESTION # 284
Which ONE of the following options MOST ACCURATELY describes branch testing?

A. In branch testing, the coverage items are control flow transfers between decisions, and the aim is to design test cases to exercise flow transfers in the code until an acceptable level of coverage is achieved. Coverage is measured as the number of branches exercised by the test cases divided by the total number of branches expressed as a percentage.
B. In branch testing, the coverage items are executable statements. The aim is to design test cases that exercise statements in the code until an acceptable level of coverage is achieved, expressed as a percentage.
C. In branch testing, the coverage items are branches, and the aim is to design test cases to exercise branches in the code until an acceptable level of coverage is achieved. Coverage is measured as the number of branches exercised by the test cases divided by the total number of branches expressed as a percentage.
D. In branch testing, the coverage items are executable decisions. The aim is to design test cases that exercise statements in the code until an acceptable level of coverage is achieved. Coverage is expressed as a percentage.

Answer: C

Explanation:
Branch testing is a structural testing technique that ensures each branch (decision point )in the control flow is executed at least once. The goal is to measure branch coverage, which is the number of branches exercised divided by the total number of branches.
(A) describes statement testing, not branch testing.
(B) and (D) introduce confusion between decisions and statements, whereas branch testing focuses on control flow branches.
In simple terms,branch testing checks that all possible decision outcomes (true/false) are executed, whereas statement testing only ensures that each line of code is executed.

NEW QUESTION # 285
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