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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) | 12-18% | - Configuration and monitoring - Labels and LIB - LDP and RSVP - Terminology and forwarding - Segment routing basics |
| Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) | 20-25% | - Basic operation and message types - Configuration and troubleshooting - Path selection and attributes - Policy and route filtering - IBGP and EBGP |
| Protocol-Independent Routing | 10-15% | - Martian addresses - Static, aggregate, and generated routes - Routing instances and RIB groups - Load balancing - Filter-based forwarding |
| Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) | 10-15% | - Metrics and wide metrics - PDUs and TLVs - Configuration and monitoring - Adjacencies and levels |
| Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) | 15-20% | - Configuration and troubleshooting - Link-state database - Areas and router types - LSA types and operation |
| High Availability | 5-8% | - Graceful restart - NSR and GRES concepts - Nonstop active routing |
| IPv6 | 8-12% | - OSPFv3 and BGP for IPv6 - Address types and format - Static and dynamic routing - Autoconfiguration |
| Layer 2 Bridging and VLANs | 8-12% | - Service provider switching features - Bridging concepts - VLANs and trunking |
| Tunnels | 5-8% | - Tunnel configuration and usage - GRE and IP-IP tunnels |
| Spanning Tree Protocols | 8-12% | - Port roles and states - BPDU and protection features - Configuration and convergence - STP, RSTP, MSTP, VSTP |
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NEW QUESTION # 16
Exhibit:
on a Juniper switch. It shows interfacexe-0/0/4withunit 0andfamily ethernet-switching. Under vlan, it lists members 10;`] Referring to the exhibit, which two statements are true? (Choose two.)
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
In Junos OS for switching platforms, an interface is configured for Layer 2 bridging under thefamily ethernet- switchinghierarchy. The way an interface handles VLAN traffic depends on its port mode:accessortrunk.
According to Juniper Networks technical documentation, when an interface is configured simply with members <vlan-name/id>, it defaults to anaccess port. In an access port configuration:
* The port is a member of only a single VLAN.
* The portreceives and sends untagged traffic (Option C). Any untagged frame arriving at this interface is implicitly associated with the configured VLAN member.
* The interface does not expect or process 802.1Q tags in incoming frames.
In the exhibit, interface xe-0/0/4 has members 10;. In Junos, the members statement can reference either a VLAN nameor aVLAN ID. However, when the configuration is shown as members 10; without further context of the specific ID mapping, the most precise interpretation of the CLI output provided is thatthe interface is a member of the VLAN named 10 (Option D). While "10" could be the numerical ID, Junos primarily maps members by their defined administrative name.
Why other options are incorrect:
* Option A:Access ports do not receive tagged traffic; only trunk ports (which require the port-mode trunk and vlan members [ ... ] statements) are designed to process tagged frames.
* Option B:While the VLAN named 10likelyhas a VLAN ID of 10, the exhibit does not explicitly confirm the ID mapping. In Junos, a VLAN named "10" could technically have a different tag ID (e.g., VLAN "Office" with ID 10). Option D is the more accurate direct reading of the displayed member configuration.
NEW QUESTION # 17
In an OSPF network, what is a purpose of a designated router?
Answer: D
Explanation:
A designated router is elected on multiaccess OSPF networks to minimize the number of adjacencies and reduce the amount of OSPF control traffic. Instead of every router forming a full adjacency with every other router on the segment, routers form adjacencies with the designated router, which then manages the distribution of link-state updates on that segment.
NEW QUESTION # 18
How are routing loops prevented in internal BGP networks?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The prevention of routing loops within an Autonomous System (AS) is handled differently than loop prevention between ASes. While External BGP (EBGP) uses the AS_PATH attribute to detect loops,Internal BGP (IBGP)does not modify the AS_PATH. Therefore, a different mechanism is required to ensure that a route does not circulate infinitely inside the network.
This mechanism is known as theIBGP Split Horizon rule. According to Juniper Networks documentation and the BGP standard (RFC 4271), a BGP speakermust not advertise a route learned via an IBGP peer to any other IBGP peer. In simpler terms, "what is learned internally, stays local." This rule ensures that a route only travels one "hop" inside the AS-from the router that learned it from an external source to all other internal routers.
Because of this rule, IBGP routers do not naturally propagate routes through each other. This creates a requirement for afull meshof IBGP sessions, where every BGP-speaking router in the AS must have a direct peering session with every other BGP-speaking router. To mitigate the scaling issues of a full mesh in large service provider networks, architects useRoute ReflectorsorConfederations, which are authorized exceptions to the Split Horizon rule.
Option B is incorrect because EBGP peersdoadvertise EBGP routes to other EBGP peers (this is how the internet works). Option C is incorrect because EBGP-learned routesmustbe sent to IBGP peers so the internal network knows how to reach the outside world. Option D is incorrect because internal routesmustbe sent to external peers to advertise your network to the internet.
NEW QUESTION # 19
An established RSVP-signaled LSP suffers a link failure. What is one action taken by the local RSVP-enabled router?
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 20
You are configuring BGP on a Juniper router to peer with an external provider. After committing the configuration, the BGP session remains in the Idle state. Which configuration issue would prevent the BGP session from progressing beyond the Idle state?
Answer: A
Explanation:
In the BGP finite state machine, theIdlestate is the "stop" or "start" point of the protocol. When a session is stuck in Idle, it means the BGP process is either administratively disabled or, more commonly, is unable to initiate the underlying TCP connection required for BGP.
According to Juniper Networks Service Provider documentation, the most common reason for a BGP session to remain in Idle is a lack ofrouting reachability. For BGP to move to theConnectstate, the Junos kernel must have a route to the IP address specified in the neighbor statement. If thepeer IP address is unreachable (Option A)-meaning there is no route in inet.0 (via OSPF, IS-IS, or static)-the router cannot initiate the TCP three-way handshake on port 179. Consequently, the state machine will never progress.
Analysis of incorrect options:
* Option B:BGP does not care if the local AS is higher or lower than the peer's; it only cares if they match the configuration. AS numbers are identifiers, not priorities.
* Option C:A mismatchedRouter IDdoes not prevent a session from leaving the Idle state. It would typically cause the session to reach theOpenConfirmstate, and then fail with a "Notification" message due to a collision or identification error.
* Option D:While a mismatchedgroup type(internal vs. external) will cause the session to fail, it usually fails during theOpenmessage exchange (OpenSent state) because the AS numbers provided will not match the expected peer type (IBGP vs. EBGP).
Only the lack of a path to the neighbor (reachability) keeps the session at the very beginning of the process:
theIdlestate.
NEW QUESTION # 21
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