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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Working Capital Management | - Current Liabilities Management
|
| Topic 2: Financial Statement Analysis | - Ratio Analysis
|
| Topic 3: Time Value of Money | - Present and Future Value
|
| Topic 4: Financial Management Concepts | - Financial Environment
|
| Topic 5: Capital Budgeting | - Cash Flow Estimation
|
| Topic 6: Cost of Capital and Capital Structure | - Leverage and Capital Structure
|
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NEW QUESTION # 67
What distinguishes a subordinated debenture from a senior debenture?
Answer: B
Explanation:
A subordinated debenture differs from a senior debenture primarily in the priority of claims. Both are typically unsecured debt instruments, but subordinated debentures rank below senior debentures in the event of liquidation or bankruptcy. This means holders of senior debt are paid before holders of subordinated debt if the firm's assets are distributed. Because subordinated debenture holders face greater default risk, they usually require a higher yield as compensation. This ranking feature is a key concept in capital market theory because the risk level of a security affects investor required return and the issuer's cost of capital. Choice A is the opposite of the correct answer. Choice C is incorrect because a debenture is generally unsecured, and subordination does not mean collateral is provided. Choice D is unrelated to the distinction between the two instruments. Financial managers must understand debt priority because it influences financing choices, covenant design, investor demand, and interest cost. Therefore, B is correct because subordination means a lower claim on assets and cash flows relative to senior debtholders.
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NEW QUESTION # 68
What is the earnings yield of a stock with earnings per share (EPS) of $2 and a market price of $40?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Earnings yield measures the earnings generated by a stock relative to its current market price. It is calculated as Earnings per Share divided by Market Price per Share. In this question, the stock has EPS of $2 and a market price of $40, so the earnings yield is $2 ÷ $40 = 0.05, or 5%. This makes answer A correct. Earnings yield is closely related to the price-earnings ratio because it is effectively the inverse of the P/E ratio. If a stock has a high P/E ratio, its earnings yield will be low, and vice versa. Financial analysts use earnings yield to compare the income-generating power of stocks and to assess whether a stock appears relatively expensive or inexpensive compared with alternatives such as bonds or other equities. However, earnings yield should not be used alone because earnings can be temporary, manipulated by accounting choices, or affected by unusual items. From a financial management standpoint, it is one of several valuation tools that helps investors judge expected return relative to price. Therefore, 5% is the correct result and A is the correct answer.
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NEW QUESTION # 69
A financial analyst is trying to understand the return that shareholders of a stock receive through dividend payments. The analyst is given the following information:
Company Information-Previous Year
* Revenue: $500,000
* Net Income: $50,000
* Change in Retained Earnings: $30,000
* Change in Total Assets: $40,000
What is the amount of dividends paid during the previous year to shareholders?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Dividends paid to shareholders can be determined by analyzing the relationship between net income and retained earnings. Net income represents the total earnings generated during the period, while retained earnings show the portion of net income that is reinvested in the company rather than distributed to shareholders. The basic relationship is:
Net Income = Dividends Paid + Increase in Retained Earnings.
In this case, net income is $50,000 and retained earnings increased by $30,000. Therefore, dividends paid must be the remaining portion of earnings:
$50,000 # $30,000 = $20,000.
The change in total assets is not directly relevant for calculating dividends, as asset growth can be financed through retained earnings, debt, or equity issuance. From a financial management perspective, this calculation helps analysts assess dividend policy, payout ratios, and the firm's balance between returning cash to shareholders and reinvesting in growth. Option A correctly identifies the dividends paid based on standard accounting relationships used in financial statement analysis.
NEW QUESTION # 70
What is the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on multinational corporations' financial management?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Exchange rate fluctuations are a major concern for multinational corporations because these firms earn revenues, incur costs, borrow funds, and hold assets in more than one currency. When exchange rates move, the home-currency value of foreign cash inflows and outflows changes, which can directly affect reported earnings, cash flow, and firm value. A company that ignores currency risk may find that a profitable overseas operation becomes less valuable once foreign earnings are translated back into the parent company's reporting currency. For this reason, financial managers often use hedging techniques such as forward contracts, options, currency swaps, and natural hedges created by matching foreign-currency revenues with foreign-currency expenses or debt. These strategies do not eliminate all risk, but they help reduce unwanted volatility and improve planning accuracy. The other choices are incorrect because exchange rate movements do not make risk less important, do not simplify financial analysis, and do not stabilize returns. In fact, they usually increase uncertainty. Therefore, the best answer is B, because multinational financial management must actively address currency exposure through risk-mitigation strategies.
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NEW QUESTION # 71
Why might investors choose to invest in junk bonds?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Junk bonds, also known as high-yield bonds, are issued by firms with lower credit ratings and therefore higher default risk. To compensate investors for this additional risk, these bonds offer higher interest rates than investment-grade bonds. From a financial management and portfolio perspective, investors may include junk bonds to enhance portfolio returns, particularly when they believe default risk is overstated or when economic conditions are favorable. Junk bonds do not guarantee returns and are not backed by government guarantees, making options A and D incorrect. They also do not consistently outperform equities, especially during periods of financial stress. Option B accurately reflects the risk- return tradeoff that underpins investment decisions in capital market theory: higher expected returns are associated with higher risk.
NEW QUESTION # 72
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