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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Data Store Management | 26% | - Optimize storage performance and cost - Select appropriate data storage solutions |
| Data Ingestion and Transformation | 34% | - Build and manage data pipelines - Ingest and transform data using AWS services |
| Data Security and Governance | 18% | - Implement data security controls - Apply governance and compliance best practices |
| Data Operations and Support | 22% | - Monitor and maintain data pipelines - Troubleshoot data workflow issues |
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NEW QUESTION # 123
A company is building an inventory management system and an inventory reordering system to automatically reorder products. Both systems use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. The inventory management system uses the Amazon Kinesis Producer Library (KPL) to publish data to a stream. The inventory reordering system uses the Amazon Kinesis Client Library (KCL) to consume data from the stream. The company configures the stream to scale up and down as needed.
Before the company deploys the systems to production, the company discovers that the inventory reordering system received duplicated data.
Which factors could have caused the reordering system to receive duplicated data? (Select TWO.)
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Problem Analysis:
The company uses Kinesis Data Streams for both inventory management and reordering.
The Kinesis Producer Library (KPL) publishes data, and the Kinesis Client Library (KCL) consumes data.
Duplicate records were observed in the inventory reordering system.
Key Considerations:
Kinesis streams are designed for durability but may produce duplicates under certain conditions.
Factors such as network timeouts, shard splits, or changes in record processors can cause duplication.
Solution Analysis:
Option A: Network-Related Timeouts
If the producer (KPL) experiences network timeouts, it retries data submission, potentially causing duplicates.
Option B: High IteratorAgeMilliseconds
High iterator age suggests delays in processing but does not directly cause duplication.
Option C: Changes in Shards or Processors
Changes in the number of shards or record processors can lead to re-processing of records, causing duplication.
Option D: AggregationEnabled Set to True
AggregationEnabled controls the aggregation of multiple records into one, but it does not cause duplication.
Option E: High max_records Value
A high max_records value increases batch size but does not lead to duplication.
Final Recommendation:
Network-related timeouts and changes in shards or processors are the most likely causes of duplicate data in this scenario.
Amazon Kinesis Data Streams Best Practices
Kinesis Producer Library (KPL) Overview
Kinesis Client Library (KCL) Overview
NEW QUESTION # 124
A company uses Amazon RDS to store transactional data. The company runs an RDS DB instance in a private subnet. A developer wrote an AWS Lambda function with default settings to insert, update, or delete data in the DB instance.
The developer needs to give the Lambda function the ability to connect to the DB instance privately without using the public internet.
Which combination of steps will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead? (Choose two.)
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
To enable the Lambda function to connect to the RDS DB instance privately without using the public internet, the best combination of steps is to configure the Lambda function to run in the same subnet that the DB instance uses, and attach the same security group to the Lambda function and the DB instance. This way, the Lambda function and the DB instance can communicate within the same private network, and the security group can allow traffic between them on the database port. This solution has the least operational overhead, as it does not require any changes to the public access setting, the network ACL, or the security group of the DB instance.
The other options are not optimal for the following reasons:
A. Turn on the public access setting for the DB instance. This option is not recommended, as it would expose the DB instance to the public internet, which can compromise the security and privacy of the data. Moreover, this option would not enable the Lambda function to connect to the DB instance privately, as it would still require the Lambda function to use the public internet to access the DB instance.
B. Update the security group of the DB instance to allow only Lambda function invocations on the database port. This option is not sufficient, as it would only modify the inbound rules of the security group of the DB instance, but not the outbound rules of the security group of the Lambda function. Moreover, this option would not enable the Lambda function to connect to the DB instance privately, as it would still require the Lambda function to use the public internet to access the DB instance.
E. Update the network ACL of the private subnet to include a self-referencing rule that allows access through the database port. This option is not necessary, as the network ACL of the private subnet already allows all traffic within the subnet by default. Moreover, this option would not enable the Lambda function to connect to the DB instance privately, as it would still require the Lambda function to use the public internet to access the DB instance.
1: Connecting to an Amazon RDS DB instance
2: Configuring a Lambda function to access resources in a VPC
3: Working with security groups
Network ACLs
NEW QUESTION # 125
A company uses an Amazon QuickSight dashboard to monitor usage of one of the company's applications.
The company uses AWS Glue jobs to process data for the dashboard. The company stores the data in a single Amazon S3 bucket. The company adds new data every day.
A data engineer discovers that dashboard queries are becoming slower over time. The data engineer determines that the root cause of the slowing queries is long-running AWS Glue jobs.
Which actions should the data engineer take to improve the performance of the AWS Glue jobs? (Choose two.)
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
Partitioning the data in the S3 bucket can improve the performance of AWS Glue jobs by reducing the amount of data that needs to be scanned and processed. By organizing the data by year, month, and day, the AWS Glue job can use partition pruning to filter out irrelevant data and only read the data that matches the query criteria. This can speed up the data processing and reduce the cost of running the AWS Glue job.
Increasing the AWS Glue instance size by scaling up the worker type can also improve the performance of AWS Glue jobs by providing more memory and CPU resources for the Spark execution engine. This can help the AWS Glue job handle larger data sets and complex transformations more efficiently. The other options are either incorrect or irrelevant, as they do not affect the performance of the AWS Glue jobs. Converting the AWS Glue schema to the DynamicFrame schema class does not improve the performance, but rather provides additional functionality and flexibility for data manipulation. Adjusting the AWS Glue job scheduling frequency does not improve the performance, but rather reduces the frequency of data updates. Modifying the IAM role that grants access to AWS Glue does not improve the performance, but rather affects the security and permissions of the AWS Glue service. References:
* Optimising Glue Scripts for Efficient Data Processing: Part 1 (Section: Partitioning Data in S3)
* Best practices to optimize cost and performance for AWS Glue streaming ETL jobs (Section:
Development tools)
* Monitoring with AWS Glue job run insights (Section: Requirements)
* AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate DEA-C01 Complete Study Guide (Chapter 5, page 133)
NEW QUESTION # 126
A data engineer wants to orchestrate a set of extract, transform, and load (ETL) jobs that run on AWS. The ETL jobs contain tasks that must run Apache Spark jobs on Amazon EMR, make API calls to Salesforce, and load data into Amazon Redshift.
The ETL jobs need to handle failures and retries automatically. The data engineer needs to use Python to orchestrate the jobs.
Which service will meet these requirements?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The data engineer needs to orchestrate ETL jobs that include Spark jobs on Amazon EMR, API calls to Salesforce, and loading data into Redshift. They also need automatic failure handling and retries. Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (Amazon MWAA) is the best solution for this requirement.
Option A: Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (Amazon MWAA)
Apache Airflow is designed for complex job orchestration, allowing users to define workflows (DAGs) in Python. MWAA manages Airflow and its integrations with other AWS services, including Amazon EMR, Redshift, and external APIs like Salesforce. It provides automatic retry handling, failure detection, and detailed monitoring, which fits the use case perfectly.
Option B (AWS Step Functions) can orchestrate tasks but doesn't natively support complex workflow definitions with Python like Airflow does.
Option C (AWS Glue) is more focused on ETL and doesn't handle the orchestration of external systems like Salesforce as well as Airflow.
Option D (Amazon EventBridge) is more suited for event-driven architectures rather than complex workflow orchestration.
Reference:
Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow
Apache Airflow on AWS
NEW QUESTION # 127
A company generates reports from 30 tables in an Amazon Redshift data warehouse. The data source is an operational Amazon Aurora MySQL database that contains 100 tables. Currently, the company refreshes all data from Aurora to Redshift every hour, which causes delays in report generation.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)
Answer: A,E
Explanation:
* Option A (AWS DMS): Lets you replicate only selected tables from Aurora to Redshift. It supports ongoing replication (CDC) and reduces unnecessary data transfers.
* Option C (Zero-ETL with Aurora to Redshift): This new integration allows real-time, serverless, and low-maintenance data replication. It's designed to reduce operational overhead drastically.
Other options introduce manual processing or inefficient query access (Option D). Glue workflows (Option E) add unnecessary complexity and lag for near-real-time needs.
"Zero-ETL integration between Amazon Aurora and Redshift enables real-time analytics without building complex pipelines." Reference: AWS Blog - Introducing Amazon Aurora zero-ETL integration with Redshift
"With AWS DMS, you can replicate only selected tables from your database and use ongoing replication to reduce refresh latency."Reference: AWS DMS Documentation - AWS DMS Use Cases
NEW QUESTION # 128
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