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NEW QUESTION # 105
An organization has been using self-managed encryption keys rather than the free keys managed by the cloud provider. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) reviews the monthly bill and realizes the self- managed keys are more costly than anticipated. Which of the following should the CISO recommend to reduce costs while maintaining a strong security posture?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Step by Step Explanation:
Understanding the Scenario: Theorganization is using customer-managed encryption keys in the cloud, which is more expensive than using the cloud provider's free managed keys. The CISO needs to find a way to reduce costs without significantly weakening the security posture.
Analyzing the Answer Choices:
A: Utilize an on-premises HSM to locally manage keys: While on-premises HSMs offer strong security, they introduce additional costs and complexity (procurement, maintenance, etc.). This option is unlikely to reduce costs compared to cloud-based key management.
B: Adjust the configuration for cloud provider keys on data that is classified as public: This is the most practical and cost-effective approach. Data classified as public doesn't require the same level of protection as sensitive data. Using the cloud provider's free managed keys for public data can significantly reduce costs without compromising security, as the data is intended to be publicly accessible anyway.
Reference: This aligns with the principle of applying security controls based on data classification and risk assessment, a key concept in CASP+.
C: Begin using cloud-managed keys on all new resources deployed in the cloud: While this would reduce costs, it's a broad approach that doesn't consider the sensitivity of the data. Applying cloud-managed keys to sensitive data might not be acceptable from a security standpoint.
D: Extend the key rotation period to one year so that the cloud provider can use cached keys: Extending the key rotation period weakens security. Frequent key rotation is a security best practice to limit the impact of a potential key compromise.
Reference: Key rotation is a fundamental security control, and reducing its frequency goes against CASP+ principles related to cryptography and risk management.
Why B is the Correct Answer:
Risk-Based Approach: Using cloud-provider-managed keys for public data is a reasonable risk-based decision. Public data, by definition, is not confidential.
Cost Optimization: This directly addresses the CISO's concern about cost, as cloud-provider-managed keys are often free or significantly cheaper.
Security Balance: It maintains a strong security posture for sensitive data by continuing to use customer- managed keys where appropriate, while optimizing costs for less sensitive data.
CASP+ Relevance: This approach demonstrates an understanding of risk management, data classification, and cost-benefit analysis in security decision-making, all of which are important topics in CASP+.
Elaboration on Data Classification:
Data Classification Policy: Organizations should have a clear data classification policy that defines different levels of data sensitivity (e.g., public, internal, confidential, restricted).
Security Controls Based on Classification: Security controls, including encryption key management, should be applied based on the data's classification level.
Cost-Benefit Analysis: Data classification helps organizations make informed decisions about where to invest in stronger security controls and where cost optimization is acceptable.
In conclusion, adjusting the configuration to use cloud-provider-managed keys for data classified as public is the most effective way to reduce costs while maintaining a strong security posture. It's a practical, risk-based approach that aligns with data classification principles and cost-benefit considerations, all of which are important concepts covered in the CASP+ exam objectives.
NEW QUESTION # 106
A security analyst is performing a review of a web application. During testing as a standard user, the following error log appears:
Error Message in Database Connection
Connection to host USA-WebApp-Database failed
Database "Prod-DB01" not found
Table "CustomerInfo" not found
Please retry your request later
Which of the following best describes the analyst's findings and a potential mitigation technique?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The error message reveals sensitive details (hostnames, database names, table names), constituting information disclosure. This aids attackers in reconnaissance. Mitigation involves modifying the application to display generic error messages (e.g., "An error occurred") instead of specifics.
* Option A:Unsecure references suggest coding flaws, but this is a configuration/output issue, not input sanitization.
* Option B:Unsecure protocols and HttpOnly cookies relate to session security, not error handling.
* Option C:Correct-information disclosure is the issue; generic errors mitigate it.
* Option D:No evidence of SQL injection (e.g., manipulated input); upgrading the database doesn't address disclosure.
NEW QUESTION # 107
A security configure is building a solution to disable weak CBC configuration for remote access connections lo Linux systems. Which of the following should the security engineer modify?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The sshd_config file is the main configuration file for the OpenSSH server. To disable weak CBC (Cipher Block Chaining) ciphers for SSH connections, the security engineer should modify the sshd_config file to update the list of allowed ciphers. This file typically contains settings for the SSH daemon, including which encryption algorithms are allowed.
By editing the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file and updating the Ciphers directive, weak ciphers can be removed, and only strong ciphers can be allowed. This change ensures that the SSH server does not use insecure encryption methods.
NEW QUESTION # 108
A user submits a help desk ticket stating then account does not authenticate sometimes. An analyst reviews the following logs for the user:
Which of the following best explains the reason the user's access is being denied?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The logs reviewed for the user indicate that access is being denied due to time-based access restrictions. These restrictions are commonly implemented to limit access to systems during specific hours to enhance security. If a user attempts to authenticate outside of the allowed time window, access will be denied. This measure helps prevent unauthorized access during non-business hours, reducing the risk of security incidents.
Reference:
CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide: Covers various access control methods, including time-based restrictions, as a means of enhancing security.
NIST Special Publication 800-53, "Security and Privacy Controls for Information Systems and Organizations": Recommends the use of time-based access restrictions as part of access control policies.
"Access Control and Identity Management" by Mike Chapple and Aaron French: Discusses the implementation and benefits of time-based access restrictions.
NEW QUESTION # 109
An engineering team determines the cost to mitigate certain risks is higher than the asset values The team must ensure the risks are prioritized appropriately. Which of the following is the best way to address the issue?
Answer: B
Explanation:
When the cost to mitigate certain risks is higher than the asset values, the best approach is to purchase insurance. This method allows the company to transfer the risk to an insurance provider, ensuring that financial losses are covered in the event of an incident. This approach is cost-effective and ensures that risks are prioritized appropriately without overspending on mitigation efforts.
NEW QUESTION # 110
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