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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Conducting an Audit | - Audit execution
|
| Topic 2: Fundamentals of Information Security Auditing | - Audit principles based on ISO 19011
|
| Topic 3: Planning and Initiating an Audit | - Audit program and planning activities
|
| Topic 4: Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 | - ISO/IEC 27001 requirements (Clauses 4–10)
|
| Topic 5: Closing the Audit | - Audit reporting and follow-up
|
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NEW QUESTION # 397
情境 8
Trustingo自2010年起在愛沙尼亞提供銀行和金融服務。該公司在全國擁有30家分行和100多台ATM機。為滿足嚴格的資料安全和隱私法規要求，Trustingo實施了基於ISO/IEC 27001的資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)，從而確保更高的安全性、更完善的風險管理以及對法律法規的合規性。
在成功實施資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS) 九個月後，Trustingo 決定委託獨立的認證機構，根據 ISO/IEC 27001 標準對其 ISMS 進行認證。此次認證審核涵蓋了 Trustingo 的系統、流程和技術。
審核組聯合進行了第一階段和第二階段審核，並發現了若干不符合項。
第一個不符合項與Trustingo的資訊標籤有關。該公司製定了資訊分類方案，但沒有資訊標籤程序。因此，需要相同保護等級的檔案卻被貼上了不同的標籤。
不符合項也影響了媒體處理。審核團隊採用抽樣方法，結論：50%
200個可移動儲存媒體儲存了敏感訊息，這些資訊被錯誤地歸類為機密資訊。根據分類方案，機密資訊可以儲存在可移動儲存媒體上，而敏感資訊則嚴禁儲存。
審核團隊起草了不符合項報告，並與 Trustingo 的代表討論了結論。
Trustingo 接受了審核組長提出的解決方案，並透過制定資訊標籤程序和更新可移動媒體程序來解決不符合項。
審核結束後兩週，Trustingo提交了一份總體整改計畫。雖然該計劃解決了不符合項，但缺乏詳細的行動步驟和針對特定係統的影響。因此，Trustingo收到了不利的認證建議。
問題
在外部審計中，情境 8 中的哪一項行為是不可接受的？
Answer: A
Explanation:
The unacceptable action in Scenario 8 is the audit team leader proposing a solution for resolving the nonconformities, making option A the correct answer. In external certification audits, auditors must remain impartial and independent. ISO/IEC 17021-1 strictly prohibits auditors from providing consultancy, advice, or specific solutions on how an organization should correct nonconformities.
Auditors are permitted to identify nonconformities, explain why they exist, and clarify the requirements of the standard. However, suggesting or proposing corrective solutions crosses the boundary into consultancy, which compromises auditor impartiality and could invalidate the certification process. In this scenario, Trustingo
"accepted the audit team leader's proposed solution," which clearly indicates inappropriate auditor involvement.
Option B is not correct because conducting Stage 1 and Stage 2 audits jointly can be acceptable in certain cases, such as small organizations or mature ISMS implementations, provided the certification body justifies the approach and requirements are met. Option C is also not the best answer because the classification of the nonconformity (minor or major) is an auditor judgment issue, not inherently unacceptable.
Therefore, the critical violation of external audit rules is the auditor proposing corrective solutions, making option A correct.
NEW QUESTION # 398
下列哪一項關於資訊安全威脅和漏洞的敘述是不正確的？
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
C . Incorrect Statement - Not all vulnerabilities require immediate remediation. Risk assessment determines whether controls are necessary. Some vulnerabilities pose low risks and may not need urgent fixes.
A . Correct Statement - Vulnerabilities can be intrinsic (inherent flaws) or extrinsic (caused by external misconfigurations).
B . Correct Statement - Threats must exploit vulnerabilities to cause harm.
This aligns with ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A Control A.8.8 (Management of Technical Vulnerabilities).
NEW QUESTION # 399
情境 8：EsBank 自 9 月起為愛沙尼亞銀行業提供銀行和金融解決方案
2010年，該公司在全國擁有30家分行和100多台ATM機。
EsBank 在高度監管的行業中運營，必須遵守許多有關資料安全和隱私的法律和法規。他們需要透過實施技術和非技術控制來管理整個營運的資訊安全。 EsBank 決定實施基於 ISO/IEC 的 ISMS
27001，因為它提供了更好的安全性、更多的風險控制以及符合法律法規的關鍵要求。
在成功實施 ISMS 九個月後，EsBank 決定由獨立認證機構根據 ISO/IEC 27001 對其 ISMS 進行認證。
第一階段和第二階段審核是共同進行的，發現了一些不符合項。第一個不合格之處與 EsBank 的資訊標籤有關。該公司有資訊分類方案，但沒有資訊標籤程序。因此，需要相同保護等級的文件將被貼上不同的標籤（有時為機密，有時為敏感）。
考慮到所有文件也以電子方式存儲，不合格情況也影響了媒體處理。審計小組透過抽樣得出結論，200 個可移動媒體中有 50 個儲存了被錯誤分類為機密的敏感資訊。根據資訊分類方案，允許將機密資訊儲存在可移動媒體中，而嚴格禁止儲存敏感資訊。這標誌著另一個不合格之處。
他們起草了不合格報告，並與 EsBank 代表討論了審計結論，代表同意在兩個月內針對發現的不合格問題提交行動計劃。
EsBank 接受了審計組組長提出的解決方案。他們根據實體和電子格式的分類方案起草了資訊標籤程序，解決了不合格問題。可移動媒體程式也基於此程式進行了更新。
審計完成兩週後，EsBank 提交了總體行動計畫。在那裡，他們解決了檢測到的不合格問題以及採取的糾正措施，但沒有包括有關受影響的系統、控製或操作的任何詳細資訊。審核小組評估了該行動計劃並得出結論，該計劃將解決不合格問題。然而，EsBank 收到了不利的認證建議。
根據上述場景，回答以下問題：
根據情境 8，審核小組評估了行動計畫並得出結論，該計畫將解決檢測到的不符合項。這是可以接受的嗎？
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 400
進行外部審核後，審核員決定內部審核員將追蹤糾正措施的實施情況，直到下一次監督審核。這是可以接受的嗎？
Answer: A
Explanation:
Yes, it is acceptable for the internal auditor to follow-up on the implementation of corrective actions until verified by the external auditor during the next surveillance audit. This practice supports continuous improvement and ensures that corrective actions are effectively implemented and maintained over time.
References: PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Course Material; ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Clause 9.2 (Internal audit)
NEW QUESTION # 401
您正在一家名為 ABC 的提供醫療保健服務的住宅療養院進行 ISMS 審核。
審核計劃的下一步是驗證 ABC 醫療保健行動應用程式開發、支援和生命週期流程的資訊安全性。在審核過程中，您了解到該組織將行動應用程式開發外包給了經過CMMI 5 級、ITSM (ISO/IEC 20000-1)、BCMS (ISO 22301) 和ISMS (ISO/IEC 27001) 認證的專業軟體開發組織。
IT經理介紹了軟體安全管理流程，並將流程總結如下：
行動應用程式開發至少應採用「設計安全」和「預設安全」原則。應具備以下個人資料保護安全功能：
存取控制。
個人資料加密，即高階加密標準（AES）演算法，金鑰長度：256位元；個人資料假名化。
已檢查漏洞，無安全後門
您採樣最新的行動應用測試報告 - 參考 ID：0098，詳細資訊如下：
您想進一步調查其他領域以收集更多審計證據。選擇三個不會出現在您的審核追蹤中的選項。
Answer: A,D,F
Explanation:
The three options that will not be in your audit trail are A, C, and H. These options are either not relevant to the information security of ABC's healthcare mobile app development, support, and lifecycle process, or not within the scope of your audit. The amount of money that residents' family members pay to install the app (A) and the number of users of the app are not related to the information security aspects or objectives of the ISMS1. The verification of the developer's certifications (H) is not your responsibility as an ISMS auditor, as you should rely on the competence and impartiality of the certification bodies that issued them2. The other options are relevant and within the scope of your audit, as they relate to the security functions, testing, policies, and procedures of the mobile app development, support, and lifecycle process13. References: 1: ISO
/IEC 27001:2022, Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, Clause 4.2 \n2: ISO/IEC 27006:2022, Information technology - Security techniques - Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of information security management systems, Clause 4.1 \n3: PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Exam Preparation Guide, Domain 5:
Conducting an ISO/IEC 27001 audit
NEW QUESTION # 402
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