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Oracle 1z0-830 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Functional Programming and Streams15%- Stream API: create, intermediate/terminal operations, parallel streams, grouping, partitioning
- Optional class, primitive streams
- Lambda expressions, functional interfaces, method references
Modules and Packaging5%- Module system: module-info.java, exports, requires, provides, uses
- Create and use JAR files, modular and non-modular builds
Concurrency and Multithreading10%- Synchronization, locks, concurrent collections, thread safety
- Thread lifecycle, Runnable, Callable, ExecutorService, virtual threads
Working with Arrays and Collections12%- Declare, instantiate, initialize, use arrays and multidimensional arrays
- Collections Framework: List, Set, Map, Deque, Queue, sorting, searching
Advanced Features and Annotations3%- Annotations, built-in annotations, custom annotations
- Generics, type parameters, wildcards, type erasure
Java I/O and Localization5%- Resource bundles, locale, formatting messages, numbers, dates
- File I/O, NIO.2, streams, readers/writers, serialization
Controlling Program Flow10%- Decision constructs: if-else, switch expressions and statements, pattern matching
- Loops: for, enhanced for, while, do-while, break, continue, return
Handling Exceptions8%- Create and use custom exceptions, throw, throws
- Exception hierarchy, try-catch-finally, multi-catch, try-with-resources
Using Object-Oriented Concepts20%- Inheritance, abstract classes, sealed classes, interfaces, polymorphism
- Enums, nested classes, local variable type inference
- Overloading, overriding, Object class methods, immutable objects
- Classes, records, objects, constructors, initializers, methods, fields, encapsulation
Handling Date, Time, Text, Numeric and Boolean Values12%- Use primitives and wrapper classes, evaluate expressions and apply type conversions
- Use Date-Time API: LocalDate, LocalTime, LocalDateTime, Period, Duration, Instant, ZonedDateTime
- Manipulate text, text blocks, String, StringBuilder and StringBuffer

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Oracle Java SE 21 Developer Professional Sample Questions (Q78-Q83):

NEW QUESTION # 78
Given:
java
public class ThisCalls {
public ThisCalls() {
this(true);
}
public ThisCalls(boolean flag) {
this();
}
}
Which statement is correct?

Answer: C

Explanation:
In the provided code, the class ThisCalls has two constructors:
* No-Argument Constructor (ThisCalls()):
* This constructor calls the boolean constructor with this(true);.
* Boolean Constructor (ThisCalls(boolean flag)):
* This constructor attempts to call the no-argument constructor with this();.
This setup creates a circular call between the two constructors:
* The no-argument constructor calls the boolean constructor.
* The boolean constructor calls the no-argument constructor.
Such a circular constructor invocation leads to a compile-time error in Java, specifically "recursiveconstructor invocation." The Java Language Specification (JLS) states:
"It is a compile-time error for a constructor to directly or indirectly invoke itself through a series of one or more explicit constructor invocations involving this." Therefore, the code will not compile due to this recursive constructor invocation.


NEW QUESTION # 79
Given a properties file on the classpath named Person.properties with the content:
ini
name=James
And:
java
public class Person extends ListResourceBundle {
protected Object[][] getContents() {
return new Object[][]{
{"name", "Jeanne"}
};
}
}
And:
java
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("Person");
String name = bundle.getString("name");
System.out.println(name);
}
}
What is the given program's output?

Answer: D

Explanation:
In this scenario, we have a Person class that extends ListResourceBundle and a properties file named Person.
properties. Both define a resource with the key "name" but with different values:
* Person class (ListResourceBundle):Defines the key "name" with the value "Jeanne".
* Person.properties file:Defines the key "name" with the value "James".
When the ResourceBundle.getBundle("Person") method is called, the Java runtime searches for a resource bundle with the base name "Person". The search order is as follows:
* Class-Based Resource Bundle:The runtime first looks for a class named Person (i.e., Person.class).
* Properties File Resource Bundle:If the class is not found, it then looks for a properties file named Person.properties.
In this case, since the Person class is present and accessible, the runtime will load the Person class as the resource bundle. Therefore, the getBundle method returns an instance of the Person class.
Subsequently, when bundle.getString("name") is called, it retrieves the value associated with the key "name" from the Person class, which is "Jeanne".
Thus, the output of the program is:
nginx
Jeanne


NEW QUESTION # 80
Which of the following java.io.Console methods doesnotexist?

Answer: E

Explanation:
* java.io.Console is used for interactive input from the console.
* Existing Methods in java.io.Console
* reader() # Returns a Reader object.
* readLine() # Reads a line of text from the console.
* readLine(String fmt, Object... args) # Reads a formatted line.
* readPassword() # Reads a password, returning a char[].
* readPassword(String fmt, Object... args) # Reads a formatted password.
* read() Does Not Exist
* Consoledoes not have a read() method.
* If character-by-character reading is required, use:
java
Console console = System.console();
Reader reader = console.reader();
int c = reader.read(); // Reads one character
* read() is available inReader, butnot in Console.
Thus, the correct answer is:read() does not exist.
References:
* Java SE 21 - Console API
* Java SE 21 - Reader API


NEW QUESTION # 81
Given:
java
package vehicule.parent;
public class Car {
protected String brand = "Peugeot";
}
and
java
package vehicule.child;
import vehicule.parent.Car;
public class MiniVan extends Car {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car car = new Car();
car.brand = "Peugeot 807";
System.out.println(car.brand);
}
}
What is printed?

Answer: D

Explanation:
In Java,protected memberscan only be accessedwithin the same packageor bysubclasses, but there is a key restriction:
* A protected member of a superclass is only accessible through inheritance in a subclass but not through an instance of the superclass that is declared outside the package.
Why does compilation fail?
In the MiniVan class, the following line causes acompilation error:
java
Car car = new Car();
car.brand = "Peugeot 807";
* The brand field isprotectedin Car, which means it isnot accessible via an instance of Car outside the vehicule.parent package.
* Even though MiniVan extends Car, itcannotaccess brand using a Car instance (car.brand) because car is declared as an instance of Car, not MiniVan.
* The correct way to access brand inside MiniVan is through inheritance (this.brand or super.brand).
Corrected Code
If we change the MiniVan class like this, it will compile and run successfully:
java
package vehicule.child;
import vehicule.parent.Car;
public class MiniVan extends Car {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MiniVan minivan = new MiniVan(); // Access via inheritance
minivan.brand = "Peugeot 807";
System.out.println(minivan.brand);
}
}
This would output:
nginx
Peugeot 807
Key Rule from Oracle Java Documentation
* Protected membersof a class are accessible withinthe same packageand tosubclasses, butonly through inheritance, not through a superclass instance declared outside the package.
References:
* Java SE 21 & JDK 21 - Controlling Access to Members of a Class
* Java SE 21 & JDK 21 - Inheritance Rules


NEW QUESTION # 82
Given:
java
Map<String, Integer> map = Map.of("b", 1, "a", 3, "c", 2);
TreeMap<String, Integer> treeMap = new TreeMap<>(map);
System.out.println(treeMap);
What is the output of the given code fragment?

Answer: D

Explanation:
In this code, a Map named map is created using Map.of with the following key-value pairs:
* "b": 1
* "a": 3
* "c": 2
The Map.of method returns an immutable map containing these mappings.
Next, a TreeMap named treeMap is instantiated by passing the map to its constructor:
java
TreeMap<String, Integer> treeMap = new TreeMap<>(map);
The TreeMap constructor with a Map parameter creates a new tree map containing the same mappings as the given map, ordered according to the natural ordering of its keys. In Java, the natural ordering for String keys is lexicographical order.
Therefore, the TreeMap will store the entries in the following order:
* "a": 3
* "b": 1
* "c": 2
When System.out.println(treeMap); is executed, it outputs the TreeMap in its natural order, resulting in:
r
{a=3, b=1, c=2}
Thus, the correct answer is option F: {a=3, b=1, c=2}.


NEW QUESTION # 83
......

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