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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Routine Blood Collections | 28% | - Order of draw & tube selection - Venipuncture techniques & equipment - Tourniquet use & vein assessment - Capillary puncture procedures - Post-collection care & labeling |
| Topic 2: Safety and Compliance | 26% | - HIPAA & patient confidentiality - Quality control & error prevention - Infection control & OSHA standards - PPE & sharps disposal - Bloodborne pathogens & exposure control |
| Topic 3: Special Collections | 12% | - Blood alcohol & legal collections - Therapeutic drug monitoring - Blood cultures & sterile collection - Glucose tolerance & dynamic tests - Pediatric & geriatric collections |
| Topic 4: Specimen Processing & Handling | 14% | - Processing & centrifugation - Specimen rejection criteria - Aliquoting & preservation - Transport & storage requirements - Documentation & tracking |
| Topic 5: Patient Preparation | 20% | - Patient positioning & comfort - Informed consent & communication - Requisition review & test verification - Site selection & preparation - Patient identification & verification |
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NEW QUESTION # 78
A phlebotomist is collecting a blood culture from a 6-month-old infant who has no known allergies. Which of the following disinfectants should the phlebotomist use?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Chlorhexidine gluconate is the best answer for blood culture skin antisepsis in this 6-month-old infant with no known allergies. Blood cultures require stricter skin disinfection than routine venipuncture because contamination can produce false-positive culture results, unnecessary antibiotics, repeat testing, and delayed diagnosis. Sodium polyanethol sulfonate is not a skin disinfectant; it is an anticoagulant/additive used in blood culture media to support organism recovery. Sodium hypochlorite is a bleach-type disinfectant used for environmental decontamination, not patient skin preparation for venipuncture. Hydrogen peroxide is not the standard blood culture skin antiseptic. Chlorhexidine is widely used for effective skin antisepsis, and CDC guidance recognizes chlorhexidine-containing agents in healthcare infection-control contexts when age, skin maturity, and clinical risk are considered. For collection technique, the phlebotomist should cleanse the site properly, allow the antiseptic to dry, avoid repalpating unless sterile technique is used, collect adequate volume, and label/document accurately. Reference topics: Special Collections; blood culture collection; pediatric skin preparation; contamination prevention.
NEW QUESTION # 79
A phlebotomist receives a phone call from a provider's practice asking for a patient's CBC results. To which of the following departments should the phlebotomist transfer the call?
Answer: D
Explanation:
A complete blood count, or CBC, is handled by the hematology department because it evaluates cellular components of blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, and differential findings when ordered. Chemistry focuses on analytes such as glucose, electrolytes, enzymes, renal markers, liver markers, and metabolic panels. Coagulation handles clotting studies such as PT, INR, aPTT, fibrinogen, and related hemostasis testing. Serology focuses on antigen-antibody testing and immune-response assays. A phlebotomist should not disclose results unless authorized by facility policy and role scope. The correct action is to direct the caller to the department that performs or releases the requested test result. This protects patient confidentiality and avoids miscommunication of clinical information. NHA CPT processing content includes communication between non-laboratory personnel, retrieving specimen or result data through laboratory systems, distributing results to ordering providers, and understanding blood components and laboratory testing roles. Reference topics: Processing Specimens; laboratory departments; hematology testing; communication of laboratory results.
NEW QUESTION # 80
A phlebotomist is relaying a message to the patient. Which of the following describes the patient in this situation?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The patient is the receiver because the phlebotomist is the person relaying or sending the message. In the communication process, the sender initiates the message, the receiver receives it, and the message is then interpreted. Encoding refers to putting thoughts into words, gestures, or written form. Decoding refers to interpreting the message after it is received. Although the patient will decode the information mentally, the role asked for in the question is the patient's position in the exchange, which is receiver. This distinction matters in phlebotomy because communication errors can affect consent, patient cooperation, fasting verification, special collection instructions, and patient safety. The phlebotomist should use clear language, appropriate pace, respectful tone, active listening, and confirmation of understanding. Barriers such as hearing impairment, language differences, anxiety, cognitive status, and health literacy can interfere with accurate communication. The NHA CPT outline includes verbal and nonverbal communication, patient characteristics affecting communication, patient interviewing techniques, empathetic listening, and effective communication with patients and healthcare professionals. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; communication cycle; patient interviewing; active listening.
NEW QUESTION # 81
Which of the following should a sharps container have?
Answer: D
Explanation:
A sharps container should have a leakproof lid or leak-resistant closure to prevent contaminated blood or fluid from escaping during handling, storage, or transport. Sharps containers must also be puncture-resistant, closable, upright and stable during use, and properly labeled or color-coded as biohazardous. A "room temperature" label is used for certain specimen storage or transport conditions, not for sharps disposal. A 1-gallon capacity is not a universal requirement; sharps containers come in multiple approved sizes depending on the setting and volume of use. Dual openings are not required and could increase risk if poorly designed. The essential safety standard is containment: the device must prevent puncture injury and leakage while allowing safe disposal at the point of use. The phlebotomist must never overfill a sharps container, reach into it, shake it, force items into it, or dispose of sharps in regular trash or soft biohazard bags. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; sharps container requirements; biohazard disposal; OSHA bloodborne pathogen safety; needlestick prevention.
NEW QUESTION # 82
Which of the following types of consent provides a patient with information about the methods, risks, and consequences of a procedure?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Informed consent means the patient receives enough information to understand the nature of the procedure, including the method, purpose, risks, benefits, alternatives, and possible consequences, before agreeing. Therefore, informed consent is the correct answer. Expressed consent means the patient clearly agrees, either verbally or in writing, but the term does not by itself prove that the patient received a full explanation of risks and consequences. Implied consent occurs through the patient's actions, such as extending an arm for venipuncture after identification and explanation. Verbal consent is simply the spoken form of agreement and may be expressed, but again it does not specifically define the full disclosure requirement. In phlebotomy, routine blood collection often proceeds with implied or expressed consent after proper identification and explanation, but higher-risk or special procedures may require more formal informed consent depending on policy. The NHA CPT outline includes receiving implied, informed, or expressed consent and understanding the components required for consent. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; patient rights; consent types; communication before collection.
NEW QUESTION # 83
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