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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Deploy and maintain data pipelines and workloads | 30–35% | - Build and orchestrate pipelines
|
| Topic 2: Set up and configure an Azure Databricks environment | 15–20% | - Select and configure compute resources
|
| Topic 3: Secure and govern Unity Catalog objects | 15–20% | - Implement data governance and security
|
| Topic 4: Prepare and process data | 30–35% | - Ingest and transform data
|
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NEW QUESTION # 28
You have an Azure Databricks workspace that is enabled for Unity Catalog and contains a managed Delta table named Sales.
Sales stores transaction data and contains the following columns:
- transaction_id (string)
- transaction_date (date)
- amount (decimal)
You need to implement the following data quality requirements by using table-level data quality enforcement:
- amount must be greater than 0.
- transaction_id must never be null.
- Invalid records must be rejected when data is written to the Sales
table.
What should you do?
Answer: B
Explanation:
To enforce these table-level data quality rules and automatically reject any invalid write operations in Azure Databricks, you must configure NOT NULL and CHECK constraints on the Delta table using standard SQL commands.
In Delta Lake, these constraints are enforced instantly on write. If an incoming record violates any of them, the entire transaction fails, and the invalid records are rejected.
1. Enforce transaction_id Cannot Be Null
Add a NOT NULL constraint to the transaction_id column. This blocks any write attempt containing a null identifier.
ALTER TABLE sales_data ALTER COLUMN transaction_id SET NOT NULL;
2. Enforce amount Must Be Greater Than 0
Add a CHECK constraint to the table to validate that the amount values strictly exceed zero.
ALTER TABLE sales_data ADD CONSTRAINT check_amount_positive CHECK (amount > 0); Reference:
https://docs.databricks.com/aws/en/tables/constraints
NEW QUESTION # 29
You have an Azure Databricks account that contains workspaces enabled for Unity Catalog.
You need to implement audit logging to meet the following requirements:
* Capture audit logs for all the workspaces in the account.
* Retain the audit logs for 90 days.
* Minimize storage and ingestion costs.
The logs will be reviewed only during security investigations and will NOT be queried regularly.
To where should you send the audit logs?
Answer: D
Explanation:
An Azure Storage account provides durable, comparatively low-cost retention for diagnostic and audit logs that are accessed infrequently. A lifecycle or retention policy can preserve the logs for 90 days and then remove them automatically. This matches an investigation-only access pattern without paying the ingestion and indexing charges associated with Log Analytics. Azure Monitor metrics stores numerical monitoring measurements, not the complete audit-event records required here. Azure Event Hubs is a streaming transport intended to forward events to consumers and is not the final long-term retention destination. Log Analytics is appropriate when teams need frequent querying, dashboards, and alerting, but those capabilities introduce unnecessary cost for logs reviewed only during occasional investigations. Storage therefore best satisfies centralized retention and cost requirements.
NEW QUESTION # 30
Case Study 1 - Contoso, Inc.
Overview
Company Information
Contoso, Inc. is a renewable energy provider that operates solar and wind farms across North America.
Existing Environment
Azure Environment
Contoso has a single Azure Databricks workspace named Workspace1 in the West US Azure region. Workspace1 is enabled for Unity Catalog.
Workspace1 contains all-purpose clusters for both development and production workloads.
The company's Azure environment contains:
- In the West US, Central US, and East US Azure regions, Azure event hubs that stream telemetry data and an Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2 account in each region for each hub
- A single Azure SQL database in the West US region that hosts enterprise resource planning (ERP) data
- An Azure Database for PostgreSQL server in the West US region that stores operational maintenance data Data Environment Contoso ingests the following operational and business data:
- Telemetry data: More than 40,000 IoT sensors across 28 sites emit JSON telemetry events every few seconds. Each site sends the events to the nearest event hub, which writes the data into the corresponding Data Lake Storage Gen2 account. These files frequently experience schema drift.
- Maintenance logs: Maintenance systems generate historical repair logs, daily incremental updates, technician notes, and unstructured attachments that are stored in the Data Lake Storage Gen2 accounts.
- Operational maintenance data: Structured operational maintenance data is stored on the Azure Database for PostgreSQL server.
- External weather data: Hourly weather forecasts are retrieved from a REST API and written to the Data Lake Storage Gen2 accounts.
- ERP data: Daily CSV extracts of 50 to 100 GB contain equipment metadata, work orders, and purchase order information.
Problem Statements
The company's existing analytics environment has several issues:
Ingestion
- Telemetry pipelines fall behind during peak loads.
- Telemetry ingestion fails when schema drift occurs.
- Streaming pipelines reprocess events after a pipeline restarts.
Compute
Production and development workloads run on the same all-purpose clusters.
Production and development workloads do NOT support autoscaling or workload isolation.
Governance
- The ERP data is duplicated across systems and development teams.
- Naming conventions are inconsistent across development teams, regions, and products.
- Ownership of the IoT sensors changes over time, and analysts must track the full history of the ownership.
- Occasionally, equipment manufacturers must correct data-entry mistakes in equipment names.
Historical values are NOT required.
Pipeline operations
- Pipelines lack resiliency, alerting, and centralized scheduling.
Requirements
Planned Changes
Contoso plans to implement the following changes:
- Implement scalable data pipeline orchestration.
- Create a managed analytics catalog in Unity Catalog.
- Implement a consistent approach to creating curated datasets.
- Establish a centralized governance model across ingestion, cleansed, and curated layers.
- Grant data engineers access to the ERP tables by using minimal development effort.
- Adopt a compute strategy that isolates production workloads and supports autoscaling.
- Adopt a slowly changing dimension (SCD) approach to address current data modeling issues.
Technical Requirements
Contoso identifies the following environment and compute requirements:
- Ensure that production ingestion workloads run on compute clusters that can scale automatically during telemetry spikes.
- Provide fast and consistent performance for business intelligence (BI) workloads.
- Prevent development activity from affecting production pipelines.
- Production ingestion workloads must run as scheduled, non-interactive pipelines rather than on shared interactive development clusters.
Contoso identifies the following data ingestion and processing requirements:
- Auto-scale ingestion pipelines to handle bursty workloads.
- Handle schema drift for the maintenance and telemetry data.
- Ingest file-based telemetry data by using minimal operational effort.
- Store all the ingested data in a format that supports incremental processing.
- Support the continuous ingestion of telemetry data from the event hubs by using exactly-once semantics.
- Support the ingestion of the structured maintenance data from the Azure Database for PostgreSQL server.
- Build a new telemetry pipeline that ingests raw events from the event hubs, cleanses the data, and publishes curated tables to Unity Catalog.
- Ensure that the Apache Spark Structured Streaming pipelines reading from the event hubs write the data into a managed Delta table named telemetry.raw_events. The pipelines must support schema drift and resume processing after failures without reprocessing the data.
Contoso identifies the following data modeling and optimization requirements:
- Build curated tables that standardize business logic.
- Overwrite equipment metadata attributes, such as name, manufacturer, model, and commissioning date, when the attributes change. Historical values are NOT required.
Contoso identifies the following pipeline deployment and operation requirements:
- Orchestrate multi-step ingestion and transformation workflows.
- Define a clear execution order and dependencies.
- Automatically retry failed steps and notify operators.
- Schedule ingestion and transformation workloads consistently.
Governance Requirements
Contoso identifies the following governance requirements:
- Centralize the metadata catalog.
- Provide isolated development areas that follow standard naming conventions.
- Establish a consistent structure for organizing raw, cleansed, and curated data.
- Provide a read-only mechanism to reference the ERP data through a foreign catalog.
Business Requirements
Contoso identifies the following business requirements:
- Improve ingestion reliability and reduce operational effort.
- Standardize data definitions across development teams.
You need to configure compute for the ingestion of telemetry data. The solution must meet the data ingestion and processing requirements. What should you do?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Enabling Photon acceleration on a job compute cluster is the best option. It significantly speeds up data engineering pipelines, handles JSON file ingestion seamlessly, and optimizes cost- efficiency for bursty production workloads, which are key for processing rapidly arriving IoT sensor events.
Enable Photon acceleration for a job compute cluster:
Databricks Auto Loader is designed for low-latency, high-volume file ingestion. Running Auto Loader on a job compute cluster provides the lowest operational cost because job clusters are billed at a much lower rate than all-purpose clusters.
Enabling Photon acceleration heavily optimizes the ingestion, parsing, and processing of raw JSON data strings, allowing the cluster to handle bursty workloads faster and auto-scale more efficiently.
Scenario, Data Environment, Contoso ingests the following operational and business data:
Telemetry data: More than 40,000 IoT sensors across 28 sites emit JSON telemetry events every few seconds. Each site sends the events to the nearest event hub, which writes the data into the corresponding Data Lake Storage Gen2 account. These files frequently experience schema drift.
Contoso identifies the following data ingestion and processing requirements:
-> Auto-scale ingestion pipelines to handle bursty workloads.
Handle schema drift for the maintenance and telemetry data.
-> Ingest file-based telemetry data by using minimal operational effort.
Reference:
https://medium.com/@krthiak/10-days-of-data-engineering-interview-qna-day-5-db1c0b58bf86
NEW QUESTION # 31
Drag and Drop Question
You have an Azure Databricks workspace that is enabled for Unity Catalog and contains a catalog named finance, finance contains two schemas named default and procurement.
You need to create a table named assets in the procurement schema, assets must contain the following columns:
- asset_id
- asset_type
- asset_name
How should you complete the SQL statement? To answer, drag the appropriate values to the correct targets. Each value may be used once, more than once, or not at all. You may need to drag the split bar between panes or scroll to view content.
NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.
Answer:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 32
You have an Azure Databricks workspace.
You have an Azure key vault named kv-secure that stores a secret named storageKey. The value of storageKey is managed and updated by the cloud security team at your company.
You need to enable a Databricks notebook named Notebook 1 to retrieve the value of storageKey securely at runtime. The solution must follow the principle of least privilege and always retrieve the latest value.
What should you do? To answer, select the appropriate options in the answer area.
NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
The solution is a Key Vault-backed secret scope combined with dbutils.secrets.get() in the notebook.
An Azure Key Vault-backed secret scope does not copy the secret value into Databricks. Every call to dbutils.
secrets.get() fetches the live current value directly from Key Vault at runtime. This means when the cloud security team rotates storageKey in Key Vault, the notebook automatically picks up the new value on its next run - no Databricks configuration changes needed. That satisfies 'always retrieve the latest value.' The principle of least privilege is upheld because only the secret scope has read access to Key Vault through a service principal or managed identity, and individual users never see the raw secret value - Databricks redacts it in logs automatically.
A Databricks-backed scope stores a copy of the secret inside Databricks, so it wouldn't automatically reflect Key Vault updates. Hardcoding or using environment variables would expose the secret in plain text.
Reference: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/databricks/security/secrets/secret-scopes
NEW QUESTION # 33
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