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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Planning and Initiating an Audit | - Audit program and planning activities
|
| Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 | - ISO/IEC 27001 requirements (Clauses 4–10)
|
| Fundamentals of Information Security Auditing | - Audit principles based on ISO 19011
|
| Closing the Audit | - Audit reporting and follow-up
|
| Conducting an Audit | - Audit execution
|
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127. Frage
下列哪兩項敘述是正確的？
Antwort: A,B
Begründung:
The two true statements are B and E. According to ISO 19011:2022, the audit plan describes the arrangements for a set of one or more audits planned for a specific time frame and directed towards a specific purpose1, while the audit programme describes the activities and arrangements for an audit2. The other options are either false or irrelevant. The responsibility for managing the audit programme rests with the audit programme manager, not the audit team leader (A)3. The audit plan can be changed during the conducting of the audit if necessary, with the agreement of the audit client and the auditee 4. The audit programme and the audit plan are not the same thing, so D and F are incorrect. Reference: 1: ISO 19011:2022, Guidelines for auditing management systems, Clause 3.8 \n2: ISO 19011:2022, Guidelines for auditing management systems, Clause 3.9 \n3: ISO 19011:2022, Guidelines for auditing management systems, Clause 5.3.1 \n4: ISO 19011:2022, Guidelines for auditing management systems, Clause 6.4.2
128. Frage
場景 5：Cobt。位於倫敦的保險公司，提供各種商業、工業和人壽保險解決方案。近年來，Cobt 的客戶數量大幅增加。由於需要處理大量數據，該公司認為通過 ISO/IEC 27001 認證將為資訊安全帶來許多好處，並表明其對持續改進的承諾。儘管該公司擅長進行定期風險評估，但實施 ISMS 會為其日常營運帶來重大變化。在風險評估過程中，發現了一種風險，即組織的內部控制機制未能發現或預防重大缺陷。
公司遵循一套方法論來實施 ISMS，並在僅僅幾個月後就建立了可運行的 ISMS。分配了審核團隊成員的職責。
Sarah 承認，儘管 Cobt 通過提供多樣化的商業和保險解決方案實現了顯著擴張，但它仍然依賴於一些手動流程。 ，特別是關於被審計方的可用性和合作以及獲取證據的管道。在本案中，Cobt的拒絕引發了人們對審計的完整性及其提供合理保證的能力的質疑。針對這些情況，Sarah決定在簽署認證協議之前退出審核，並將她的決定告知了Cobt和認證機構。做出這項決定是為了確保遵守審計原則並保持透明度，突顯了她始終如一地堅持這些原則的承諾。
根據上述情景，回答以下問題：
根據情境 5，Cobt 表示審計計畫沒有正確反映他們最近對審計範圍所做的變更。在這種情況下莎拉該怎麼辦？
Antwort: A
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
C . Correct Answer: Changes to the audit scope must be approved by the auditee, the A . Incorrect: The audit schedule cannot be changed solely at Cobt's request-approval is required.
B . Incorrect: Audit scope is not limited to technological changes but includes organizational and procedural changes as well.
Relevant Standard Reference:
ISO 19011:2018 Clause 5.5.2 (Determining the Audit Scope and Schedule)
129. Frage
您是經驗豐富的 ISMS 審核團隊領導，指導審核員進行培訓。您決定透過詢問她一系列問題來測試她對後續審核的了解。這是您的問題和她的答案。
她正確回答了您的哪四個問題？
Antwort: B,E,F,H
Begründung:
Based on the understanding of follow-up audits, especially in the context of Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) and the guidelines provided by ISO 19011:2018, here are the four questions from your list that the auditor in training has answered correctly:
B: Q: Should follow-up audits seek to ensure nonconformities have been effectively addressed? A: YES This is correct. The primary purpose of follow-up audits is to verify that nonconformities identified in previous audits have been effectively addressed and the corrective actions taken are suitable and effective.
D: Q: Is the purpose of a follow-up audit to verify the completion of corrections, corrective actions, and opportunities for improvement? A: YES Yes, the follow-up audit aims to verify the completion and effectiveness of corrections and corrective actions. It may also consider the implementation of opportunities for improvement identified during the initial audit.
E: Q: Are follow-up audits required for all audits? A: NO This is correct. Follow-up audits are not automatically required for all audits. They are typically conducted when nonconformities or other significant issues were identified in an earlier audit and there's a need to verify the implementation and effectiveness of the corrective actions.
H: Q: Could an outcome from a follow-up audit be another follow-up audit if required? A: YES Yes, this is a possible outcome. If the follow-up audit finds that the corrective actions have not been fully effective, or if new issues are identified, it may be necessary to conduct another follow-up audit.
The other responses provided by the auditor in training require some clarification or correction. For instance, while a follow-up audit primarily focuses on previously identified nonconformities and corrective actions, it can still identify new nonconformities if observed (A). Opportunities for improvement are generally considered in the scope of regular audits more so than in follow-up audits, which are more narrowly focused on corrective actions (C). Also, the outcomes of follow-up audits should typically be reported to both the audit team leader and the audit client (F and G), ensuring transparency and accountability.
The four questions that the auditor in training has answered correctly are B, D, E, and H. These questions and answers are consistent with the definition and purpose of a follow-up audit as specified in ISO 19011:2018, Clause 6.712. A follow-up audit is conducted to verify the completion and effectiveness of corrective actions taken as a result of a previous audit (B, D). Follow-up audits are not mandatory for all audits, but they may be required by the audit program, the audit client, or other interested parties (E). The outcome of a follow-up audit may be another follow-up audit if the corrective actions are not satisfactory or not completed within the agreed time frame (H). The other questions and answers are either incorrect or irrelevant. A follow-up audit should not seek to identify new nonconformities, as this is not its objective (A). Follow-up audits should consider agreed opportunities for improvement as well as corrective actions, as they are both outputs of a previous audit . The outcome of a follow-up audit should be reported to the audit client, as well as to other relevant parties, such as the audit team leader who carried out the previous audit (F, G). References: 1: ISO
19011:2018, Guidelines for auditing management systems, Clause 6.7 \n2: PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Exam Preparation Guide, Domain 6: Closing an ISO/IEC 27001 audit
130. Frage
您正在對位於歐洲的住宅進行 ISMS 審核
名為 ABC 的療養院提供醫療保健服務。您會發現所有療養院居民都戴著電子腕帶，用於監控他們的位置、心跳和血壓。您了解到，電子腕帶會自動將所有資料上傳到人工智慧（AI）雲端伺服器，供醫護人員進行健康監測和分析。
審核計畫的下一步是驗證高階管理人員是否已製定資訊安全策略和目標。
在審計過程中，你們發現以下審計證據。
將審核證據與 ISO/IEC 27001:2022 中的相應要求進行配對。
Antwort:
Begründung:
Explanation:
131. Frage
審核員能力是知識和技能的結合。下列哪兩項活動主要與「知識」相關？
Antwort: A,E
Begründung:
Knowledge is the understanding of facts, concepts, principles, theories and practices related to a specific subject or discipline. Skills are the ability to apply knowledge and use know-how to complete tasks and solve problems. According to ISO 19011:2018, the knowledge and skills of an auditor include the following:
* Knowledge of audit principles, procedures and methods
* Knowledge of management system standards and reference documents
* Knowledge of the organization's context, scope, processes and objectives
* Knowledge of relevant legal, regulatory and contractual requirements
* Knowledge of applicable industry, sector or technical disciplines
* Knowledge of risk management and risk-based thinking
* Skill in collecting and verifying information
* Skill in evaluating conformity and effectiveness of management systems
* Skill in reporting and communicating audit results
* Skill in managing audit activities and teams
Based on this, the activities that are predominately related to knowledge are designing a checklist and determining what evidence to gather, as they require the auditor to understand the audit criteria, scope, objectives and methods, as well as the organization's context, processes and risks. The other activities are more related to skills, as they involve applying knowledge and using know-how to perform tasks and solve problems during the audit.
References:
* ISO 19011:2018, Guidelines for auditing management systems, clauses 7.2.1, 7.2.2 and 7.2.3
* PECB Candidate Handbook - ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, pages 9-10 and 16-17
* ISO 9001 Auditing Practices Group Guidance on: Auditing Competence, pages 2-3 and 8
132. Frage
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