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질문 # 70
A CCP is working as an Assessment Team Member on a CMMC Level 2 Assessment. The Lead Assessor has assigned the CCP to assess the OSC's Configuration Management (CM) domain. The CCP's first interview is with a subject-matter expert for user-installed software. With respect to user-installed software, what facet should the CCP's interview focus on?
정답：A
설명：
Understanding Configuration Management (CM) in CMMC Level 2InCMMC Level 2, theConfiguration Management (CM) domainis critical for ensuring that systems aresecurely configured, maintained, and monitoredto prevent unauthorized changes. One key aspect of CM is managinguser-installed software, which can introducesecurity risksif not properly controlled.
The correct approach to managinguser-installed softwarealigns withCM.3.068fromNIST SP 800-171, which requires organizations to:
#Establish and enforce configuration settingsto ensure security.
#Monitor and control user-installed softwareto prevent unauthorized or insecure applications from running on organizational systems.
Why "Controlled and Monitored" is Correct?The CCP (Certified CMMC Professional) conducting theinterviewshould focus on whether theuser-installed softwareiscontrolled and monitoredto align withCMMC Level 2 requirements. This means verifying:
Approval processesfor user-installed software.
Monitoring mechanisms(e.g., system logs, audits) to track software changes.
Policies that restrict unauthorized installationsto prevent security risks.
Breakdown of Answer ChoicesOption
Description
Correct?
A). Controlled and monitored
#Ensures compliance with CM.3.068, verifying that user-installed software ismanaged securely.
#Correct
B). Removed from the system
Software isnot always removed-only unauthorized or risky software should be.
#Incorrect
C). Scanned for malicious code
While scanning isimportant(covered in SI.3.218), it isnot the primary focusof Configuration Management.
#Incorrect
D). Limited to mission-essential use only
While limiting software is useful,monitoring and controllingis the key security measure.
#Incorrect
NIST SP 800-171, CM.3.068- "Control and monitor user-installed software." CMMC 2.0 Level 2 Requirements- Directly aligned withNIST SP 800-171 security controls.
Official Reference from CMMC 2.0 DocumentationFinal Verification and ConclusionThe correct answer isA.
Controlled and monitored, as perCM.3.068inNIST SP 800-171andCMMC 2.0documentation.
질문 # 71
Which activities are involved in ALL assessment methods?
정답：B
설명：
The correct answer is D because the question asks what is involved in all assessment methods, not what defines a single assessment method. Options A, B, and C describe the three individual assessment methods. Option A describes Test, where assessment objects are exercised under specified conditions and actual behavior is compared with expected behavior. Option B describes Interview, where discussions are held with personnel to clarify implementation and locate evidence. Option C describes Examine, where artifacts, specifications, mechanisms, or records are reviewed, inspected, studied, or analyzed. The common purpose across all three is to support a determination about whether the safeguard exists, functions correctly, is complete, and is capable of supporting the required security outcome. NIST SP 800-171A explains that assessment methods are used to facilitate understanding, achieve clarification, or obtain evidence, and that the assessment process gathers information and produces evidence to determine security requirement effectiveness. Therefore, D captures the cross- method assessment purpose, while A, B, and C each capture only one method. Reference/topics:
assessment methods, Examine/Interview/Test, assessment objectives, evidence-based determination.
질문 # 72
An Assessment Team Member is conducting a CMMC Level 2 Assessment for an OSC that is in the process of inspecting Assessment Objects for AC.L1-3.1.1: Limit information system access to authorized users, processes acting on behalf of authorized users, or devices (including other information systems) to determine the adequacy of evidence provided by the OSC. Which Assessment Method does this activity fall under?
정답：C
설명：
Understanding Assessment Methods in CMMC 2.0
According to theCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide, assessors usethree primary assessment methodsto determine compliance with security practices:
Examine- Reviewing documents, policies, configurations, and system records.
Interview- Speaking with personnel to gather insights into security processes.
Test- Performing technical validation of system functions and security controls.
Why Option C (Examine) is Correct
TheAssessment Team Memberis inspectingAssessment Objects(e.g., system configurations, user access control settings, policies) to determine if the OSC's evidence is sufficient forAC.L1-3.1.1 (Access Control - Authorized Users).
This activity aligns directly with theExaminemethod, which involves reviewing artifacts such as:
Access control lists (ACLs)
System user authentication logs
Account management policies
Role-based access control settings
"Observe" (Option B)is incorrect because "observing" is not an official assessment method in CMMC.
"Test" (Option A)is incorrect because the assessment is not actively executing a function but ratherreviewingevidence.
"Interview" (Option D)is incorrect because no personnel are being questioned-only documentation is being reviewed.
Official CMMC Documentation References
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide, Section 3.5 - Assessment Methods
CMMC Level 2 Assessment Guide - Access Control Practices (AC.L1-3.1.1)
Final Verification
Since the activity involves reviewing documents and records to verify access control measures, it falls under theExaminemethod, makingOption C the correct answer.
질문 # 73
An OSC has requested a C3PAO to conduct a Level 2 Assessment. The C3PAO has agreed, and the two organizations have collaborated to develop the Assessment Plan. Who agrees to and signs off on the Assessment Plan?
정답：C
설명：
Understanding the CMMC Level 2 Assessment ProcessWhen anOrganization Seeking Certification (OSC) engages aCertified Third-Party Assessment Organization (C3PAO)to conduct aCMMC Level 2 Assessment, anAssessment Planis developed to outline the scope, methodology, and logistics of the assessment.
* According to theCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide, theAssessment Plan must be formally agreed upon and signed off by:
* Lead Assessor- The individual responsible for overseeing the execution of the assessment.
* C3PAO (Certified Third-Party Assessment Organization)- The entity conducting the assessment.
* TheLead Assessorensures that theAssessment Plan aligns with CMMC-AB and DoD requirements, including methodology, objectives, and evidence collection.
* TheC3PAOprovides organizational approval, confirming that the assessment is conducted according toCMMC-AB rules and contractual agreements.
* A. OSC and Sponsor (Incorrect)
* TheOSC (Organization Seeking Certification)is involved in planning but does not sign off on the plan.
* Asponsoris not part of the sign-off process in CMMC assessments.
* B. OSC and CMMC-AB (Incorrect)
* TheOSCdoes not formally approve theAssessment Plan-this responsibility belongs to the assessment team.
* TheCMMC-ABdoes not sign off on individualAssessment Plans.
* D. C3PAO and Assessment Official (Incorrect)
* "Assessment Official" isnot a defined rolein the CMMC assessment process.
* TheC3PAOis involved, but it must be theLead Assessorwho signs off, not an unspecified official.
* The correct answer isC. Lead Assessor and C3PAO.
* TheLead Assessorensures assessment integrity, while theC3PAOprovides official authorization.
References:
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide
CMMC 2.0 Level 2 Certification Procedures
The Cyber AB Assessment Guidelines
질문 # 74
Which principles are included in defining the CMMC-AB Code of Professional Conduct?
정답：D
설명：
The Cyber AB (formerly CMMC-AB) Code of Professional Conduct (CoPC) is a mandatory agreement that all CMMC ecosystem members-including Certified CMMC Professionals (CCPs) and Certified CMMC Assessors (CCAs)-must adhere to. This code ensures the reliability and trustworthiness of the assessment process.
The fundamental principles that form the foundation of the CoPC include:
Responsibility: This refers to the obligation of the CMMC professional to act in the best interest of the CMMC program, the Department of Defense (DoD), and the public. It includes maintaining professional competence and performing duties with due care.
Confidentiality: Assessors and professionals are granted access to sensitive information, including Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) and proprietary business data of the Organization Seeking Certification (OSC). They must ensure this information is protected from unauthorized disclosure.
Information Integrity: This principle requires that all data, findings, and reports generated during the assessment are accurate, complete, and have not been tampered with. It ensures that the "Met" or "Not Met" determinations are based on honest evidence.
Why other options are incorrect:
Options A and B (Objectivity): While "Objectivity" is a crucialbehavioralrequirement for an assessor (remaining unbiased), the specific high-level triad often emphasized in the CMMC Professional training and the formal CoPC documentation focuses on the Responsibility-Confidentiality-Integrity framework to align with standard professional ethics and information security pillars.
Options A and C (Classification): "Classification" is a process used for National Security Information (Classified info), whereas CMMC is primarily focused on unclassified information (CUI and FCI).
Classification is not a core principle of the professional code of conduct.
Options A and C (Information Accuracy): While accuracy is vital, it is considered a subset of Information Integrity within the formal definitions provided in the CCP curriculum.
Reference Documents:
CMMC-AB (The Cyber AB) Code of Professional Conduct: The official ethical framework for all credentialed individuals.
CMMC Professional (CCP) Study Guide: Section on "Ethics and the Code of Professional Conduct." CMMC Assessment Process (CAP): References the ethical standards required to maintain the integrity of the assessment ecosystem.
질문 # 75
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