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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) | 10-15% | - Metrics and wide metrics - PDUs and TLVs - Configuration and monitoring - Adjacencies and levels |
| Topic 2: Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) | 15-20% | - Link-state database - Areas and router types - LSA types and operation - Configuration and troubleshooting |
| Topic 3: IPv6 | 8-12% | - Static and dynamic routing - Autoconfiguration - Address types and format - OSPFv3 and BGP for IPv6 |
| Topic 4: Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) | 12-18% | - Configuration and monitoring - LDP and RSVP - Labels and LIB - Segment routing basics - Terminology and forwarding |
| Topic 5: Tunnels | 5-8% | - GRE and IP-IP tunnels - Tunnel configuration and usage |
| Topic 6: High Availability | 5-8% | - NSR and GRES concepts - Graceful restart - Nonstop active routing |
| Topic 7: Spanning Tree Protocols | 8-12% | - BPDU and protection features - Port roles and states - STP, RSTP, MSTP, VSTP - Configuration and convergence |
| Topic 8: Protocol-Independent Routing | 10-15% | - Static, aggregate, and generated routes - Filter-based forwarding - Routing instances and RIB groups - Load balancing - Martian addresses |
| Topic 9: Layer 2 Bridging and VLANs | 8-12% | - Bridging concepts - Service provider switching features - VLANs and trunking |
| Topic 10: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) | 20-25% | - Path selection and attributes - Basic operation and message types - IBGP and EBGP - Configuration and troubleshooting - Policy and route filtering |
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NEW QUESTION # 57
What is the default route preference for an aggregate route?
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Junos OS, aggregate routes have a default route preference of 130. This preference determines how the route is compared with routes learned from other routing protocols when selecting the active route in the routing table.
NEW QUESTION # 58
Which two protocols are capable of distributing labels for segment routing? (Choose two.)
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Segment routing labels can be distributed by link-state routing protocols such as IS-IS and OSPF, which have been extended to support segment routing capabilities.
NEW QUESTION # 59
In OSPF, which three fields must match between neighbors before forming an adjacency? (Choose three.)
Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:
For OSPF routers to transition from the "Init" state to a full adjacency, they must agree on several parameters exchanged within theirHello packets. If these parameters do not match, the routers will refuse to form a neighbor relationship, a common point of failure in service provider networks.
According to Juniper Networks documentation, the following fields are mandatory matches:
* Hello Interval (Option B):The frequency at which Hello packets are sent. Default is 10 seconds on broadcast networks.
* Dead Interval (Option D):The time a router waits without receiving a Hello before declaring a neighbor down. Default is 4 times the Hello interval.
* Network Mask (Option C):On broadcast and NBMA (Non-Broadcast Multi-Access) segments, the subnet masks must match because OSPF uses the mask to determine the network boundaries for the link-state advertisements.
* Area ID:Routers must belong to the same logical OSPF area.
* Authentication:If configured, the type and password/key must be identical.
Why other options are incorrect:
* Router Priority (Option A):This is used to influence the election of the Designated Router (DR). It doesnotneed to match; in fact, different priorities are often used to ensure a specific router becomes the DR.
* Designated Router (Option E):The DR is theresultof an election that happens after the initial Hello exchange. It is not a field that must match beforehand to start the process.
By ensuring the Hello/Dead timers and the Subnet Mask are synchronized, OSPF guarantees a stable and predictable environment for the subsequent exchange of Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).
NEW QUESTION # 60
Exhibit:
Referring to the exhibit, you have configured R1, R2, R3, and R4 to be a part of OSPF area 0 and you have connected them to a broadcast segment. Assuming all four routers come online within one minute of each other, which router becomes the DR and which router becomes the BDR?
Answer: A
Explanation:
In OSPF networks, when multiple routers are connected to a shared multi-access broadcast segment (like an Ethernet switch), they undergo an election process to select aDesignated Router (DR)and aBackup Designated Router (BDR). This mechanism is essential for reducing the number of adjacencies and limiting the volume of Link State Advertisement (LSA) flooding on the segment.
The OSPF election process follows a strict hierarchy based on the following criteria:
* Interface Priority:The router with the highest OSPF interface priority is elected as the DR. The router with the second-highest priority becomes the BDR. In Junos, the default priority is 128, but it can be manually configured between 0 and 255.
* Router ID:If there is a tie in priority, the router with the numerically highest Router ID (RID) wins the election.
Analyzing the configuration provided in the exhibit:
* R1:Priority 200, Router-ID 192.168.1.1
* R2:Priority 100, Router-ID 192.168.1.2
* R3:Priority 50, Router-ID 192.168.1.3
* R4:Priority 90, Router-ID 192.168.1.4
Comparing the priority values,R1 has the highest priority (200)and therefore becomes theDR. The next highest priority value among the remaining routers is100, which belongs to R2, making it theBDR. Although R4 has a higher Router ID than R2, the priority value is evaluated first and takes precedence.
Since all routers came online within a short window (one minute), they participate in the same election cycle, ensuring the configured priorities dictate the outcome rather than "first-come, first-served" preemption behavior common in OSPF once a DR is already established.
NEW QUESTION # 61
Which two statements are correct about IS-IS interface metrics? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
metric--Metric value. Range: 1 through 63, or 1 through 16,777,215 (if you have configured wide metrics) Default: 10 (for all interfaces except lo0), 0 (for the lo0 interface)
NEW QUESTION # 62
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