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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: IPv6 and Network Services | - IPv6 routing technologies
|
| Topic 2: Network Design and Troubleshooting | - Enterprise network design
|
| Topic 3: Advanced Routing Protocols | - IS-IS Routing Protocol
|
| Topic 4: BGP and Internet Routing | - BGP fundamentals
|
| Topic 5: MPLS and VPN Technologies | - MPLS fundamentals
|
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NEW QUESTION # 65
In the figure, a network administrator configures a static LSP to implement MPLS data forwarding. The lower part of the topology shows the packet header information obtained from a device.
Which of the following statements are true?
Options:
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
1. Understanding the MPLS Data Flow in the Figure
* PC1 (1.1.1.1) sends a ping to PC2 (3.3.3.3).
* The MPLS domain includes R1, R2, and R3.
* R1 pushes an MPLS label onto the packet (Label: 300).
* Packets from PC1 to PC2 are label-switched (MPLS forwarding).
* Packets from PC2 to PC1 do not carry an MPLS label (IP forwarding).
2. Evaluating Each Answer Option
* Option A: "If the device is R3, R3 forwards the packet from PC1 to PC2 over an IP route."
* Incorrect.
* The packet carries an MPLS label (Label 300) when entering the MPLS domain.
* This means that R3 forwards the packet using MPLS, not a standard IP route.
* If R3 were using an IP route, there would be no MPLS label in the packet.
* Option B: "Packets from PC1 to PC2 are forwarded based on MPLS labels in the MPLS domain.
"
* Correct.
* The packet capture shows an MPLS label (Label 300), proving that PC1's traffic is being forwarded using MPLS switching inside the MPLS domain.
* This confirms that MPLS is being used for forwarding in one direction (PC1 # PC2).
* Option C: "Packets from PC2 to PC1 are forwarded based on the IP packet header in the MPLS domain."
* Correct in concept but incorrect in context.
* The packet capture shows that the return traffic (PC2 # PC1) does not have an MPLS label.
* However, the phrase "in the MPLS domain" makes this statement misleading, as R3 is forwarding based on pure IP routing, not MPLS forwarding.
* Option D: "PC1 pings PC2."
* Correct.
* The packet capture clearly shows ICMP Echo Request (ping) from PC1 (1.1.1.1) to PC2 (3.3.3.3) and an ICMP Echo Reply from PC2.
* This confirms that PC1 is pinging PC2 successfully.
Final answer:
# B and D are correct.
HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology References:
* MPLS Label Forwarding and Static LSPs
* MPLS vs. IP Routing in Different Traffic Flows
* Packet Header Analysis in MPLS Networks
NEW QUESTION # 66
On an enterprise network shown in the figure, EBGP is deployed between CEs and PEs .
CE1 sends a VPN route to PE1.
Which of the following statements are false?
Options:
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
1. Understanding Site of Origin (SoO) in MPLS VPNs
* SoO (Site of Origin) is used in MPLS VPNs to prevent loops in multi-homed CE scenarios.
* Routes with the same SoO value are not advertised back to the same site.
2. Analysis of Each Answer Choice
A). " To enable CE3 to receive the route, run the command peer 10.1.1.1 soo 200:1 on PE1. " ( # False)
* SoO is used to prevent loops by tagging routes that belong to the same site.
* Applying SoO (200:1) on PE1 for CE1 means that any other PE (such as PE2) receiving the route will not advertise it back to the same site (CE1).
* This statement is false because applying SoO here does not directly enable CE3 to receive the route. Instead, CE3 must accept routes with SoO values properly configured.
B). " If the commands peer 10.1.1.1 soo 200:1 and peer 10.1.2.1 soo 200:1 are run on PE1, CE2 accepts the route. " ( # False)
* SoO ensures that a route received from one CE is not sent back to another CE in the same site.
* If SoO (200:1) is assigned to CE1 and CE2, routes will be blocked because they share the same SoO tag.
* Thus, CE2 will not accept the route, making this statement false.
C). " If the command peer 10.1.3.1 substitute-as is run on PE2, CE3 accepts the route. " ( # True)
* substitute-as allows a router to replace the received AS number in the AS_PATH with another AS number, ensuring that routes are accepted even when AS_PATH filtering is in place.
* This prevents CE3 from rejecting the route due to AS-Path loop prevention.
* # Thus, this statement is true.
D). " If no additional action is taken, CE3 discards the route. " ( # True)
* By default, CE3 will discard the route because of BGP loop prevention (same AS in the AS_PATH).
* To allow CE3 to receive the route, the allowas-in or substitute-as command must be configured on PE2.
* # Thus, this statement is true.
3. Evaluating the Answer Choices
Option
Correct?
Reasoning
A
# False
Applying SoO does not directly enable CE3 to receive the route.
B
# False
If both CE1 and CE2 have the same SoO value, CE2 will reject the route.
C
# True
Substitute-AS allows CE3 to accept the route by modifying the AS-Path.
D
# True
Without additional configuration, CE3 will discard the route due to AS-Path loop prevention.
# Correct answer: A and B are false.
Final Conclusion:
* SoO prevents routing loops in MPLS VPN multi-homing.
* CE2 will reject the route if it has the same SoO as CE1.
* CE3 requires the substitute-as or allowas-in command to accept the route.
* Thus, statements A and B are false.
Reference:
HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 - BGP SoO and AS-Path Loop Prevention Huawei Official HCIP-Datacom Study Guide - MPLS VPN Route Control Huawei Documentation on BGP SoO and AS_PATH Filtering
NEW QUESTION # 67
On the OSPF network shown in the figure, the cost values of links are marked, and OSPF IP FRR is enabled on R1. Which of the following statements are true?
Answer: A,C,D
NEW QUESTION # 68
On the IS-IS IPv6 network shown in the figure, after the network becomes stable:
* R1 can ping 2000:12::0, and
* The display ipv6 neighbors command can be used to display the MAC address corresponding to 2000:
12::0.
Is this statement TRUE or FALSE?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Understanding the IPv6 Addressing and IS-IS Network
* IPv6 Addressing in the Figure:
* R1 has the address: 2000:12::1/64
* R2 has the address: 2000:12::0/127
* The link between them is using a /127 subnet (2000:12::0/127).
* Behavior of IPv6 /127 Subnet Mask
* In IPv6, a /127 prefix is commonly used on point-to-point links to avoid the issue of subnet- router anycast (::0).
* RFC 6164 recommends using /127 instead of /64 for point-to-point links to reduce unnecessary anycast behavior.
* 2000:12::0 is the network address (first address in the subnet) and is not assigned to an interface.
Analyzing the Two Statements in the Question
Statement 1: " R1 can ping 2000:12::0 " # (Incorrect)
* In IPv6, the first address (::0) in a /127 subnet is typically reserved as a network address and not assigned to any router.
* R1 cannot ping 2000:12::0 because it is not assigned to R2 as an active IP.
* Correct ping targets would be:
* R1 pinging R2's actual address (2000:12::1 or 2000:12::2 depending on numbering).
Statement 2: " display ipv6 neighbors command can be used to display the MAC address corresponding to
2000:12::0 " # (Incorrect)
* The display ipv6 neighbors command is used to show the MAC address of an active neighbor (i.e., a reachable device).
* Since 2000:12::0 is not assigned to a specific router, it will not have a MAC address in the neighbor table.
Final Conclusion:
# R1 cannot ping 2000:12::0 because it is the network address in a /127 subnet.
# The display ipv6 neighbors command cannot show a MAC address for 2000:12::0 because it is not assigned to a router.
Thus, the correct answer is: B. FALSE.
Reference:
HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 - IPv6 Addressing and IS-IS for IPv6 Huawei Official HCIP-Datacom Study Guide - IPv6 Neighbor Discovery and Point-to-Point Links RFC 6164 - Using 127-Bit IPv6 Prefixes on Inter-Router Links
NEW QUESTION # 69
By executing the () command, users on different ports of the same VLAN can be completely isolated at Layer 2 and Layer 3 and cannot communicate. (Please use English lowercase letters to complete the command, and the command cannot be abbreviated)
Answer:
Explanation:
port-isolate mode all
NEW QUESTION # 70
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