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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Reconnaissance Techniques | - Footprinting and information gathering - Scanning networks and enumeration |
| Topic 2: Cryptography | - Encryption, hashing, and cryptanalysis |
| Topic 3: Web and Application Security | - Web application hacking techniques |
| Topic 4: System Hacking | - Gaining access and privilege escalation - Malware threats and system exploitation |
| Topic 5: Network Attacks | - Denial of Service (DoS/DDoS) - Sniffing and session hijacking |
| Topic 6: Wireless and Mobile Security | - Mobile platform vulnerabilities - Wireless network attacks |
| Topic 7: Introduction to Ethical Hacking | - Ethical hacking concepts and methodology |
| Topic 8: Cloud and IoT Security | - IoT security fundamentals - Cloud computing security concepts |
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NEW QUESTION # 671
The network in ABC company is using the network address 192.168.1.64 with mask 255.255.255.192. In the network the servers are in the addresses 192.168.1.122, 192.168.1.123 and 192.168.1.124. An attacker is trying to find those servers but he cannot see them in his scanning. The command he is using is: nmap
192.168.1.64/28.
Why he cannot see the servers?
Answer: D
Explanation:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subnetwork
This is a fairly simple question. You must to understand what a subnet mask is and how it works.
A subnetwork or subnet is a logical subdivision of an IP network.The practice of dividing a network into two or more networks is called subnetting.
Computers that belong to the same subnet are addressed with an identical most-significant bit-group in their IP addresses. This results in the logical division of an IP address into two fields: the network number or routing prefix and the rest field or host identifier. The rest field is an identifier for a specific host or network interface.
The routing prefix may be expressed in Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation written as the first address of a network, followed by a slash character (/), and ending with the bit-length of the prefix. For example, 198.51.100.0/24 is the prefix of the Internet Protocol version 4 network starting at the given address, having 24 bits allocated for the network prefix, and the remaining 8 bits reserved for host addressing.
Addresses in the range 198.51.100.0 to 198.51.100.255 belong to this network. The IPv6 address specification
2001:db8::/32 is a large address block with 296 addresses, having a 32-bit routing prefix.
For IPv4, a network may also be characterized by its subnet mask or netmask, which is the bitmask that when applied by a bitwise AND operation to any IP address in the network, yields the routing prefix. Subnet masks are also expressed in dot-decimal notation like an address. For example, 255.255.255.0 is the subnet mask for the prefix 198.51.100.0/24.
NEW QUESTION # 672
Chandler works as a pen-tester in an IT-firm in New York. As a part of detecting viruses in the systems, he uses a detection method where the anti-virus executes the malicious codes on a virtual machine to simulate CPU and memory activities. Which type of virus detection method did Chandler use in this context?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 673
During a red team assessment at Sunshine Credit Union in Miami, ethical hacker Laura demonstrates a weakness in the company's session handling process. She shows that once a user logs in, the same authentication token assigned before login continues to be valid without being refreshed. Laura explains that an attacker could exploit this flaw by tricking a victim into authenticating with a value already known to the attacker, gaining access afterward. To mitigate this risk, the IT team agrees to apply a countermeasure focused on proper session lifecycle management.
Which countermeasure should the IT team implement?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct answer is C. Regenerate the session ID after a successful login to prevent session fixation attacks because the weakness described is the textbook condition for session fixation. In session fixation, an attacker sets or predicts a victim's session identifier before the victim authenticates (for example, by sending a crafted link containing a session ID, forcing a known token into the victim's browser via a URL parameter, or leveraging an application behavior that creates a session for unauthenticated users). If the application fails to issue a new session identifier after authentication, the attacker can reuse the already-known session ID once the victim logs in, effectively taking over the authenticated session.
The scenario explicitly states that "the same authentication token assigned before login continues to be valid without being refreshed," and that the attacker could "trick a victim into authenticating with a value already known to the attacker." Those statements describe session fixation precisely: authentication is "bound" to a pre-existing session identifier rather than a newly generated post-login token. The most direct and widely recommended mitigation is to invalidate the old session and regenerate a fresh session ID immediately after successful authentication (and also after privilege changes such as elevating to an admin role). This breaks the attacker's knowledge advantage, because even if they forced a pre-login session ID, it becomes useless after login.
Why the other options are less correct: A (SSL/TLS) protects confidentiality and integrity in transit but does not prevent an attacker from fixing a session ID if they can set it through other means. B (restrictive cache directives) helps prevent sensitive pages from being stored in caches but does not address session ID reuse. D can reduce exposure by limiting pre-auth sessions, but many applications legitimately require them (shopping carts, CSRF tokens), and it is not as direct or complete as regenerating the session identifier at authentication boundaries.
Therefore, the correct countermeasure is to regenerate the session ID after login.
NEW QUESTION # 674
ping - * 6 192.168.0.101
Output:
Pinging 192.168.0.101 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.0.101: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
...
Packets: Sent = 6, Received = 6, Lost = 0 (0% loss)
What does the option * indicate?
Answer: C
Explanation:
While the question as shown appears slightly misformatted, this closely resembles the Windows command:
ping -t 192.168.0.101
Here:
-t means to ping continuously until manually stopped.
In the question: ping -* 6 192.168.0.101, the * is most likely a placeholder or typographical error. Based on CEH format questions and how command-line flags work in ping, -t is the correct flag.
Option A. t - Correct (ping continuously)
Why Others Are Incorrect:
B). s: Not a valid option in Windows ping.
C). a: Used to resolve the hostname from an IP (not related to this).
D). n: Specifies the number of echo requests to send.
Reference:
CEH v13 Module 03 - ICMP Tools and Ping Usage
Windows ping command help: ping /?
NEW QUESTION # 675
During a penetration test, an analyst repeatedly initiates TCP connections to a target host and records the sequence numbers returned in the SYN/ACK responses. By examining predictable or incremental patterns in these values, the analyst attempts to infer characteristics of the underlying operating system. What OS fingerprinting attribute is being analyzed in this scenario?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The analyst is analyzing how TCP sequence numbers are generated in SYN/ACK responses to identify predictable or incremental patterns. This behavior is specifically associated with examining the Initial Sequence Number (ISN), which is a key attribute used in OS fingerprinting to infer operating system characteristics based on sequence generation behavior.
NEW QUESTION # 676
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