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質問 # 102
An audit team leader prepares the audit plan for an initial Stage 2 certification audit. Which two of the following statements are true?
正解：A、E
解説：
The correct answers are A and F .
A). The auditee should review the audit plan for agreement is true because, in certification auditing practice, the audit plan is communicated to the client/auditee in advance and should be agreed regarding the practical arrangements for the audit. ISO guidance on certification auditing includes preparation of the audit plan and communication of the audit plan and audit team as part of planning audits. ( ISO )
F). The audit team leader must define the responsibilities of team members and observers is also true.
ISO/IEC 17021-1 states that the audit team leader , in consultation with the audit team, shall assign to each team member responsibility for auditing specific processes, functions, sites, areas or activities . This is a direct audit-planning responsibility of the team leader. Observers are also part of the audit arrangements that must be defined and managed during planning. ( IAS ) Why the other statements are false:
* B. The audit team leader should plan to interview each employee is false. Certification audits are conducted using sampling , not by interviewing every employee. Audit evidence is gathered on a representative basis. ( ISO )
* C. The organisation must provide hospitality for the audit team is false. Hospitality is not a certification requirement and can raise impartiality concerns.
* D. The audit team leader should audit the Occupational Health and Safety Manager is not a mandatory requirement. The audit plan must cover relevant processes, functions, activities and responsibilities, but it does not require the team leader personally to audit one named individual. ( IAS )
* E. The organisation should cancel all staff leave during the audit is false. The auditee should ensure availability of relevant personnel as needed, but cancelling all leave is not an audit requirement.
Therefore, the two true statements are:
A, F
質問 # 103
To verify information, auditors need to use a combination of open and closed questions.
In what two situations would you use a ' closed ' question?
正解：B、D
解説：
The correct answers are D and F .
In audit interviewing practice, open questions are mainly used to get explanation, description, and insight, while closed questions are used to confirm specific facts or verify that the auditor's understanding is correct.
Guidance on audit interviews says auditors should rely mainly on open questions for expanded responses and use closed questions to confirm answers . ( The Auditor ) That is why D. To confirm conformity or a non-conformity finding is correct. Once the auditor has gathered evidence, a closed question can be used to verify a precise point, confirm whether a requirement has or has not been met, or make sure the factual basis of a conformity/nonconformity is accurate before recording the finding. ISO 19011 also states that nonconformities and supporting audit evidence should be reviewed with the auditee so the evidence is accurate and understood. ( Synersia Foundation )
F). To check that your understanding of a situation is correct is also correct. Closed questions are especially useful at the end of a discussion to confirm the auditor's interpretation of what was said or observed. This is a standard interview technique in auditing. ( Designing Buildings ) Why the other options are not correct:
* A. To obtain an overview of how a task is performed is better done with open questions , because the auditor needs explanation and sequence. ( The Auditor )
* B. To establish communication with the auditee with a view to building trust is usually done through general conversation and open dialogue, not mainly through closed questioning. ( The Auditor )
* C. To gain greater insight into the operation of a process also requires open questions . ( The Auditor )
* E. To follow your audit trail generally needs probing and exploratory questions, which are typically open rather than closed. ( The Auditor )
質問 # 104
XYZ Corporation is an organisation that employs 100 people. As an audit team leader, you are conducting a certification audit at Stage1. When reviewing the OH and S management system (OHSMS), you find that the objectives have been defined by an external consultant using those of a competitor, but nothing is documented. The Health and Safety Manager complains that this has created a lot of resistance to the OHSMS, and the Chief Executive Is asking questions about how much It will cost.
Select two erf the options which describe the circumstances h which you could raise a nonconformity against clause 0.2 of ISO 45001.
正解：B、C
解説：
Clause 0.2 of ISO 45001 emphasizes the involvement of top management and alignment of OH and S objectives with the organization's OH and S policy.
Nonconformities Identified:
The objectives were developed by an external consultant without involving top management, which undermines leadership accountability and commitment.
The objectives were based on a competitor's framework, not aligned with the organization's unique OH and S policy or context.
Analysis of Options:
A). Establishing OH and S objectives did not include top management.True. Clause 5.1 (Leadership) and Clause 6.2 (Objectives) emphasize that top management must be involved in defining and supporting OH and S objectives.
B). OH and S objectives are not being implemented by personnel.Implementation relates to operationalization, not the development phase, and is not relevant to Clause 0.2.
C). OH and S objectives are not maintained as documented information.While documentation is required, the absence of documented information is a separate issue under Clause 7.5, not Clause 0.2.
D). OH and S objectives were not established in alignment with the organization's OH and S policy.True.
Clause 6.2.1 requires objectives to align with the OH and S policy, which reflects the organization's commitment to safety and health.
E). The consultant has not interpreted ISO 45001 correctly.While possibly true, the issue here is the organization's failure to involve top management, not the consultant's interpretation.
F). The organization cannot afford to undertake OH and S objectives all at once.Financial constraints are not relevant to Clause 0.2; objectives can be prioritized for phased implementation.
ISO References:
Clause 0.2: Leadership commitment and alignment with organizational policy.
Clause 5.1: Top management's role in leadership and participation.
Clause 6.2.1: Establishing OH and S objectives aligned with the policy.
質問 # 105
An auditor has just completed an interview with a member of top management (TM), a highly experienced professional, but who has never worked within an ISO management system environment before.
They want to take the opportunity to ask the auditor about a number of management system requirements. As the interview has finished a little early, the auditor agrees.
Which three of the following auditor responses are correct?
正解：B、E、H
解説：
The three correct responses are A, B, and G .
A is correct because ISO 45001 Clause 5.3 requires top management to ensure that the responsibilities and authorities for relevant roles are assigned, communicated and understood at all levels within the organization , and that they are maintained as documented information . So if top management asks whether responsibilities and authorities for relevant roles have to be documented, the correct answer is yes .
B is correct because Clause 5.1 Leadership and commitment requires top management to ensure that the resources needed to establish, implement, maintain and improve the OH and S management system are available . Therefore, the auditor's "Yes, you do" is correct.
G is correct because Clause 5.1 also requires top management to promote continual improvement . This is stated directly as part of top management leadership and commitment responsibilities under ISO 45001.
Why the others are not correct:
* C is incorrect because top management does have to ensure that processes are established for consultation and participation of workers . Clause 5.4 makes this a requirement, so "No, you do not" is wrong.
* D is incorrect as written. Top management must establish, implement and maintain the OH and S policy, but ISO 45001 does not state that top management personally has to "write" it. The wording in the option is too specific and not how the standard states the requirement.
* E is incorrect because top management does have to ensure that the OH and S management system achieves its intended results. Clause 5.1 says this directly.
* F is incorrect because top management must ensure OH and S objectives are established and compatible with the strategic direction, but ISO 45001 does not require top management personally to
"write" the objectives.
* H is incorrect because the organization must determine the scope under Clause 4.3 , and top management remains accountable for the OH and S management system. Saying "No, you do not" is not correct in this context.
質問 # 106
In the ISO 45001 health and safety management system, what is ' documented information ' ? Select the ONE best answer.
正解：D
解説：
ISO 45001 defines " documented information " as information required to be controlled and maintained by an organization. This can include policies, procedures, records, or other relevant data in any format (Clause
3.19). It encompasses all information used to establish, operate, and demonstrate the effectiveness of the OH and S management system.
Analysis of Options:
* A. Any paperwork generated when the system is in operation: Incorrect. This is too narrow and excludes digital or other formats.
* B. Any information about the system, or generated by it, held in any format: Correct. This aligns with the ISO 45001 definition in Clause 3.19.
* C. Paperwork such as Permits to Work and risk assessments: Incorrect. These are examples of documented information but do not encompass the full scope of the term.
* D. The master copies of the documents used to operate the system, held in any format: Incorrect.
This definition is limited to master copies, while documented information includes records as well.
ISO References:
* Clause 3.19: Definition of documented information.
* Clause 7.5: Control of documented information.
質問 # 107
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