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The Microsoft AZ-400 Exam consists of 40-60 multiple-choice questions and has a time limit of three hours. The questions are designed to assess the candidate's ability to design and implement DevOps solutions using Microsoft technologies, including Azure DevOps, Azure Resource Manager, and Visual Studio. Candidates who pass the exam receive the Microsoft Certified: DevOps Engineer Expert certification, which demonstrates their expertise in DevOps practices and provides them with a competitive edge in the job market.

Microsoft AZ-400 Exam Syllabus Topics:

TopicDetailsWeights
Define and implement continuous integration- Design build automation
  • integrate the build pipeline with external tools (e.g., Dependency and security scanning, Code coverage)
  • implement quality gates (e.g., code coverage, internationalization, peer review)
  • design a testing strategy (e.g., integration, load, fuzz, API, chaos)
  • integrate multiple tools (e.g., GitHub Actions, Azure Pipeline, Jenkins)

- Design a package management strategy

  • recommend package management tools (e.g., GitHub Packages, Azure Artifacts, Azure Automation Runbooks Gallery, Nuget, Jfrog, Artifactory)
  • design an Azure Artifacts implementation including linked feeds
  • design versioning strategy for code assets (e.g., SemVer, date based)
  • plan for assessing and updating and reporting package dependencies (GitHub Automated Security Updates, NuKeeper, GreenKeeper)
  • design a versioning strategy for packages (e.g., SemVer, date based)
  • design a versioning strategy for deployment artifacts
- Design an application infrastructure management strategy
  • assess a configuration management mechanism for application infrastructure
  • define and enforce desired state configuration for environments

- Implement a build strategy

  • design and implement build agent infrastructure (include cost, tool selection, licenses, maintainability)
  • develop and implement build trigger rules
  • develop build pipelines
  • design build orchestration (products that are composed of multiple builds)
  • integrate configuration into build process
  • develop complex build scenarios (e.g., containerized agents, hybrid, GPU)

- Maintain build strategy

  • monitor pipeline health (failure rate, duration, flaky tests)
  • optimize build (cost, time, performance, reliability)
  • analyze CI load to determine build agent configuration and capacity

- Design a process for standardizing builds across organization

  • manage self-hosted build agents (VM templates, containerization, etc.)
  • create reuseable build subsystems (YAML templates, Task Groups, Variable Groups, etc.)
20-25%
Manage source control- Develop a modern source control strategy
  • integrate/migrate disparate source control systems (e.g., GitHub, Azure Repos)
  • design authentication strategies
  • design approach for managing large binary files (e.g., Git LFS)
  • design approach for cross repository sharing (e.g., Git sub-modules, packages)
  • implement workflow hooks
  • design approach for efficient code reviews (e.g., GitHub code review assignments, schedule reminders, Pull Analytics)

- Plan and implement branching strategies for the source code

  • define Pull Requests (PR) guidelines to enforce work item correlation
  • implement branch merging restrictions (e.g., branch policies, branch protections, manual, etc.)
  • define branch strategy (e.g., trunk based, feature branch, release branch, GitHub flow)
  • design and implement a PR workflow (code reviews, approvals)
  • enforce static code analysis for code-quality consistency on PR
- Configure repositories
  • configure permissions in the source control repository
  • organize the repository with git-tags
  • plan for handling oversized repositories
  • plan for content recovery in all repository states
  • purge data from source control

- Integrate source control with tools

  • integrate GitHub with DevOps pipelines
  • integrate GitHub with identity management solutions (Azure AD)
  • design for GitOps
  • design for ChatOps
  • integrate source control artifacts for human consumption (e.g., Git changelog)
  • integrate GitHub Codespaces
10-15%
Develop an Instrumentation Strategy- Design and implement logging
  • assess and Configure a log framework
  • design a log aggregation and storage strategy (e.g., Azure storage)
  • design a log aggregation and query strategy (e.g., Azure Monitor, Splunk)
  • manage access control to logs (workspace-centric/resource-centric)
  • integrate crash analytics (App Center Crashes, Crashlytics)
- Design and implement telemetry
  • design and implement distributed tracing
  • inspect application performance indicators
  • inspect infrastructure performance indicators
  • define and measure key metrics (CPU, memory, disk, network)
  • implement alerts on key metrics (email, SMS, webhooks, Teams/Slack)
  • integrate user analytics (e.g., Application Insights funnels, Visual Studio App Center, TestFlight, Google Analytics)
- Integrate logging and monitoring solutions
  • configure and integrate container monitoring (Azure Monitor, Prometheus, etc.)
  • configure and integrate with monitoring tools (Azure Monitor Application Insights, Dynatrace, New Relic, Naggios, Zabbix)
  • create feedback loop from platform monitoring tools (e.g., Azure Diagnostics extension, Log Analytics agent, Azure Platform Logs, Event Grid)
  • manage Access control to the monitoring platform



5-10%
Define and implement a continuous delivery and release management strategy- Develop deployment scripts and templates
  • recommend a deployment solution (e.g., GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines, Jenkins, CircleCI, etc.)
  • design and implement Infrastructure as code (ARM, Terraform, PowerShell, CLI)
  • develop application deployment process (container, binary, scripts)
  • develop database deployment process (migrations, data movement, ETL)
  • integrate configuration management as part of the release process
  • develop complex deployments (IoT, Azure IoT Edge, mobile, App Center, DR, multi-region, CDN, sovereign cloud, Azure Stack, etc.)
- Implement an orchestration automation solution
  • combine release targets depending on release deliverable (e.g., Infrastructure, code,assets, etc.)
  • design the release pipeline to ensure reliable order of dependency deployments
  • organize shared release configurations and process (YAML templates, variable groups, Azure App Configuration)
  • design and implement release gates and approval processes
- Plan the deployment environment strategy
  • design a release strategy (blue/green, canary, ring)
  • implement the release strategy (using deployment slots, load balancer configurations, Azure Traffic Manager, feature toggle, etc.)
  • select the appropriate desired state solution for a deployment environment (PowerShell DSC, Chef, Puppet, etc.)
  • plan for minimizing downtime during deployments (VIP Swap, Load balancer, rolling deployments, etc.)
  • design a hotfix path plan for responding to high priority code fixes
10-15%
Develop a security and compliance plan- Design an authentication and authorization strategy
  • design an access solution (Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM), Azure AD Conditional Access, MFA, Azure AD B2B, etc.)
  • implement Service Principals and Managed Identity
  • design an application access solution using Azure AD B2C
  • configure service connections
- Design a sensitive information management strategy
  • evaluate and configure vault solution (Azure Key Vault, Hashicorp Vault)
  • manage security certificates
  • design a secrets storage and retrieval strategy (KeyVault secrets, GitHub secrets, Azure Pipelines secrets)
  • formulate a plan for deploying secret files as part of a release
- Develop security and compliance
  • automate dependencies scanning for security (container scanning, OWASP)
  • automate dependencies scanning for compliance (licenses: MIT, GPL)
  • assess and report risks
  • design a source code compliance solution (e.g., GitHub Code scanning, GitHub Secretscanning, pipeline-based scans, Git hooks, SonarQube, Dependabot,etc.)

- Design governance enforcement mechanisms

  • implement Azure policies to enforce organizational requirements
  • implement container scanning (e.g., static scanning, malware, crypto mining)
  • design and implement Azure Container Registry Tasks
  • design break-the-glass strategy for responding to security incidents
10-15%

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Microsoft Designing and Implementing Microsoft DevOps Solutions Sample Questions (Q440-Q445):

NEW QUESTION # 440
You are evaluating the use of code review assignments in GitHub.
Which two requirements can be met by using code review assignments' Each correct answer presents a complete solution.
NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point

Answer: A,C


NEW QUESTION # 441
HOTSPOT
You are using PowerShell to administer Azure Log Analytics workspaces.
You need to list the available workspaces and their properties.
How should you complete the command? To answer, select the appropriate optionsin the answer area.
NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.

Answer:

Explanation:

Explanation:

Box 1: Get-AzResource
Use the followingcommand to examine the access control mode for all workspaces in the subscription:
PowerShell
Get-Az Resource -Resource Type Microsoft. Operational Insights/workspaces -Expand Properties | for each
{s.Name + ": " + $_.Properties.features.enableLogAccessUsingOnlyResourcePermissions Box 2: -Resource Type Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/logs/manage-access


NEW QUESTION # 442
You have Azure Pipelines and GitHub integrated as a source code repository.
The build pipeline has continuous integration enabled.
You plan to trigger an automated build whenever code changes are committed to the repository.
You need to ensure that the system will wait until a build completes before queuing another build.
What should you implement?

Answer: C

Explanation:
Explanation
Batching CI runs
If you have many team members uploading changes often, you may want to reduce the number of runs you start. If you set batch to true, when a pipeline is running, the system waits until the run is completed, then starts another run with all changes that have not yet been built.
Example:
# specific branch build with batching
trigger:
batch: true
branches:
include:
- master
To clarify this example, let us say that a push A to master caused the above pipeline to run. While that pipeline is running, additional pushes B and C occur into the repository. These updates do not start new independent runs immediately. But after the first run is completed, all pushes until that point of time are batched together and a new run is started.
Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/repos/github
Topic 3, Woodgrove bank
This is a case study. Case studies are not timed separately. You can use as much exam time as you would like to complete each case. However, there may be additional case studies and sections on this exam. You must manage your time to ensure that you are able to complete all questions included on this exam in the time provided.
To answer the questions included in a case study, you will need to reference information that is provided in the case study. Case studies might contain exhibits and other resources that provide more information about the scenario that is described in the case study. Each question is independent of the other questions in this case study.
At the end of this case study, a review screen will appear. This screen allows you to review your answers and to make changes before you move to the next section of the exam. After you begin a new section, you cannot return to this section.
To start the case study
To display the first question in this case study, click the Next button. Use the buttons in the left pane to explore the content of the case study before you answer the questions. Clicking these buttons displays information such as business requirements, existing environment, and problem statements. If the case study has an All Information tab, note that the information displayed is identical to the information displayed on the subsequent tabs. When you are ready to answer a question, click the Question button to return to the question.
Overview
General Overview
Woodgrove Bank is a financial services company that has a main office in the United Kingdom.
Technical Requirements and Planned Changes
Planned Changes
Woodgrove Bank plans to implement the following project management changes:
* Implement Azure DevOps for project tracking.
* Centralize source code control in private GitHub repositories.
* Implement Azure Pipelines for build pipelines and release pipelines.
Woodgrove Bank plans to implement the following changes to the identity environment:
* Deploy an Azure AD tenant named woodgrovebank.com.
* Sync the Active Directory domain to Azure AD.
* Configure App1 to use a service principal.
* Integrate GitHub with Azure AD.
Woodgrove Bank plans to implement the following changes to the core apps:
* Migrate App1 to ASP.NET Core.
* Integrate Azure Pipelines and the third-party build tool used to develop App2.
Woodgrove Bank plans to implement the following changes to the DevOps environment:
* Deploy App1 to Azure App Service.
* Implement source control for the DB1 schema.
* Migrate all the source code from TFS1 to GitHub.
* Deploy App2 to an Azure virtual machine named VM1.
* Merge the POC branch into the GitHub default branch.
* Implement an Azure DevOps dashboard for stakeholders to monitor development progress.
Technical Requirements
Woodgrove Bank identifies the following technical requirements:
* The initial databases for new environments must contain both schema and reference data.
* An Azure Monitor alert for VM1 must be configured to meet the following requirements:
* Be triggered when average CPU usage exceeds 80 percent for 15 minutes.
* Calculate CPU usage averages once every minute.
* The commit history of the POC branch must replace the history of the default branch.
* The Azure DevOps dashboard must display the metrics shown in the following table.

* Access to Azure DevOps must be restricted to specific IP addresses.
* Page load times for App1 must be captured and monitored.
* Administrative effort must be minimized.


NEW QUESTION # 443
You are defining release strategies for two applications as shown in the following table.

Which release strategy should you use for each application? To answer, drag the appropriate release strategies to the correct applications. Each release strategy may be used once, more than once, or not at all. You may need to drag the split bar between panes or scroll to view content.
NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.

Answer:

Explanation:

Reference:
https://dev.to/mostlyjason/intro-to-deployment-strategies-blue-green-canary-and-more-3a3


NEW QUESTION # 444
You have the following Azure policy.

You assign the policy to the Tenant root group.
What is the effect of the policy?

Answer: D

Explanation:
During evaluation of existing resources, resources that match a deny policy definition are marked as non-compliant.
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/governance/policy/concepts/effects#denytraffic.


NEW QUESTION # 445
......

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