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ECCouncil 312-50v13 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Topic 1: Web Application Attacks19%- Hacking Web Servers and Web Applications
  • 1. Web Server Attacks
  • 2. Web Server and Web Application Countermeasures
  • 3. Web Server Attack Methodology
- Web Application Concepts and Attacks
  • 1. Injection Attacks
  • 2. Authentication and Session Management Attacks
  • 3. OWASP Top 10 Vulnerabilities
  • 4. Web Application Password Cracking and Clickjacking
  • 5. Web Application Architecture
  • 6. Web Application Scanning and Testing Tools
  • 7. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and Request Forgery
  • 8. Web Application Countermeasures
Topic 2: Wireless Network Attacks9%- Wireless Network Concepts
  • 1. Wireless Network Topology and Threats
  • 2. Wireless Encryption and Security
  • 3. Wireless Terminology and Standards
- Wireless Hacking Methodology
  • 1. Wireless Sniffing and Wardriving
  • 2. Bluetooth and RFID Attacks
  • 3. Wireless Network Hacking Tools
  • 4. Cracking WPA/WPA2 and WEP Encryption
  • 5. Wireless Network Countermeasures
Topic 3: Vulnerability Analysis7%- Vulnerability Assessment Concepts
  • 1. Vulnerability Assessment Solutions
  • 2. Vulnerability Scoring Systems
  • 3. Vulnerability Assessment Tools and Software
Topic 4: Cryptography and Post-Exploitation13%- Post-Exploitation Techniques
  • 1. Lateral Movement and Tunneling
  • 2. Reporting and Documentation
  • 3. Covering Tracks and Maintaining Access
  • 4. Post-Exploitation Concepts
  • 5. Advanced Persistent Threat (APT)
- Cryptography Concepts
  • 1. Cryptography Countermeasures
  • 2. Disk Encryption and Cryptanalysis
  • 3. Encryption Algorithms (Symmetric and Asymmetric)
  • 4. Hashing and Digital Signatures
  • 5. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
  • 6. Encryption Fundamentals
  • 7. Code Signing and Email Encryption
  • 8. Cryptography Tools
Topic 5: System Hacking17%- System Hacking Methodologies
  • 1. Escalating Privileges
  • 2. Cracking Passwords
  • 3. Executing Applications
  • 4. Gaining Access
  • 5. Hiding Files
  • 6. Covering Tracks
- System Hacking Tools and Countermeasures
  • 1. Rootkits
  • 2. Covering Tracks Countermeasures
  • 3. Ports and Log Files
  • 4. Steganography
  • 5. Keyloggers and Spyware
  • 6. Password Recovery Tools
Topic 6: Information Security and Ethical Hacking Overview6%- Ethical Hacking Overview
  • 1. Skills and Mindset of an Ethical Hacker
  • 2. What is Ethical Hacking?
  • 3. Need for Ethical Hackers
  • 4. Security Testing Methodologies
  • 5. Governance and Compliance
- Information Security Overview
  • 1. Proactive Cyber Defense
  • 2. Information Security Threats and Attack Vectors
  • 3. Understanding Information Security Laws and Standards
  • 4. Understanding Information Security
  • 5. Understanding Information Security Controls
Topic 7: Malware Threats8%- Malware and Its Types
  • 1. APT Concepts
  • 2. Malware Fundamentals
  • 3. Types of Malware
  • 4. APT and Futuristic Malware
- Malware Analysis and Distribution
  • 1. Malware Detection Methods
  • 2. Malware Countermeasures
  • 3. Malware Analysis Techniques
Topic 8: Enumeration15%- Enumeration Process
  • 1. NTP Enumeration
  • 2. VoIP Enumeration
  • 3. NetBIOS Enumeration
  • 4. SNMP Enumeration
  • 5. Mail Server Enumeration
  • 6. LDAP Enumeration
  • 7. RPC and NFS Enumeration
  • 8. SMB and SAMBA Enumeration
  • 9. Enumeration Countermeasures
- Enumeration Concepts
  • 1. Enumeration Fundamentals
  • 2. Enumeration Techniques
Topic 9: Reconnaissance Techniques21%- Scanning Networks
  • 1. Drawing Network Diagrams
  • 2. Masscan
  • 3. Scanning Countermeasures
  • 4. Hping2 and Hping3
  • 5. Proxy Servers and Anonymizers
  • 6. Nmap and Zenmap
  • 7. Banner Grabbing
  • 8. Scan for Vulnerabilities
  • 9. Port Scanning Techniques
  • 10. NIDS, NIPS, and Firewall Evasion Techniques
  • 11. Network Scanning Concepts
  • 12. Detecting Live Systems
  • 13. Scanning Tools
- Footprinting and Reconnaissance
  • 1. Footprinting Countermeasures
  • 2. Footprinting through Web Services
  • 3. Footprinting through Social Networking Sites
  • 4. AWS Cloud Footprinting
  • 5. Website Footprinting
  • 6. Email Footprinting
  • 7. DNS Footprinting
  • 8. Footprinting Tools
  • 9. Network Footprinting
  • 10. Competitive Intelligence Gathering
  • 11. Footprinting through Search Engines
Topic 10: Sniffing and Evasion10%- Social Engineering
  • 1. Social Engineering Techniques
  • 2. Social Engineering Concepts
  • 3. Insider Threats and Identity Theft
  • 4. Social Engineering Tools and Countermeasures
- Network Sniffing
  • 1. VLAN Hopping and DHCP Starvation
  • 2. ARP Spoofing
  • 3. Sniffing Tools
  • 4. Sniffing Concepts
  • 5. Sniffing Detection and Countermeasures
  • 6. MAC Flooding and Switch Port Stealing
  • 7. STP Attacks and DNS Poisoning
- Network Evasion
  • 1. Evasion Techniques
  • 2. Firewalls and Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems
  • 3. IDS/Firewall Evasion Tools
  • 4. Denial of Service Attacks
Topic 11: Cloud and Container Attacks10%- Cloud Attacks and Security
  • 1. Cloud Penetration Testing
  • 2. Container Security Tools and Countermeasures
  • 3. Cloud Security Threats and Attacks
  • 4. Cloud Security Tools and Best Practices
- Cloud Computing Concepts
  • 1. Cloud Architecture and Deployment Models
  • 2. Container Technology
  • 3. Cloud Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
  • 4. Serverless Architecture
Topic 12: Mobile Platform and IoT Attacks7%- Mobile Platform Attack Vectors
  • 1. Mobile Device Management (MDM)
  • 2. Mobile Security Tools and Countermeasures
  • 3. Mobile Attack Techniques
  • 4. Mobile Malware and Mobile Spyware
  • 5. Mobile Platform Overview
  • 6. Mobile Attack Surfaces and Vulnerabilities
- IoT and OT Attacks
  • 1. IoT Attack Tools and Countermeasures
  • 2. IoT Concepts and Architecture
  • 3. IoT Vulnerabilities and Threats
  • 4. OT Concepts and Attacks
  • 5. IoT Hacking Methodology

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ECCouncil Certified Ethical Hacker Exam (CEH v13 AI) Sample Questions (Q653-Q658):

NEW QUESTION # 653
Which protocol is insecure by default?

Answer: D

Explanation:
Telnet is insecure by default because it transmits data, including usernames and passwords, in plaintext without encryption, making it vulnerable to interception and sniffing attacks.


NEW QUESTION # 654
jane, an ethical hacker. Is testing a target organization's web server and website to identity security loopholes.
In this process, she copied the entire website and its content on a local drive to view the complete profile of the site's directory structure, file structure, external links, images, web pages, and so on. This information helps jane map the website's directories and gain valuable information. What is the attack technique employed by Jane in the above scenario?

Answer: A

Explanation:
A mirror site may be a website or set of files on a computer server that has been copied to a different computer server in order that the location or files are available from quite one place. A mirror site has its own URL, but is otherwise just like the principal site. Load-balancing devices allow high-volume sites to scale easily, dividing the work between multiple mirror sites.
A mirror site is typically updated frequently to make sure it reflects the contents of the first site. In some cases, the first site may arrange for a mirror site at a bigger location with a better speed connection and, perhaps, a better proximity to an outsized audience.
If the first site generates an excessive amount of traffic, a mirror site can ensure better availability of the web site or files. For websites that provide copies or updates of widely used software, a mirror site allows the location to handle larger demands and enables the downloaded files to arrive more quickly. Microsoft, Sun Microsystems and other companies have mirror sites from which their browser software are often downloaded.
Mirror sites are wont to make site access faster when the first site could also be geographically distant from those accessing it. A mirrored web server is usually located on a special continent from the principal site, allowing users on the brink of the mirror site to urge faster and more reliable access.
Mirroring an internet site also can be done to make sure that information are often made available to places where access could also be unreliable or censored. In 2013, when Chinese authorities blocked access to foreign media outlets just like the Wall Street Journal and Reuters, site mirroring was wont to restore access and circumvent government censorship.


NEW QUESTION # 655
The network in ABC company is using the network address 192.168.1.64 with mask 255.255.255.192. In the network the servers are in the addresses 192.168.1.122, 192.168.1.123 and 192.168.1.124. An attacker is trying to find those servers but he cannot see them in his scanning. The command he is using is: nmap
192.168.1.64/28.
Why he cannot see the servers?

Answer: C

Explanation:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subnetwork
This is a fairly simple question. You must to understand what a subnet mask is and how it works.
A subnetwork or subnet is a logical subdivision of an IP network.The practice of dividing a network into two or more networks is called subnetting.
Computers that belong to the same subnet are addressed with an identical most-significant bit-group in their IP addresses. This results in the logical division of an IP address into two fields: the network number or routing prefix and the rest field or host identifier. The rest field is an identifier for a specific host or network interface.
The routing prefix may be expressed in Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation written as the first address of a network, followed by a slash character (/), and ending with the bit-length of the prefix. For example, 198.51.100.0/24 is the prefix of the Internet Protocol version 4 network starting at the given address, having 24 bits allocated for the network prefix, and the remaining 8 bits reserved for host addressing.
Addresses in the range 198.51.100.0 to 198.51.100.255 belong to this network. The IPv6 address specification
2001:db8::/32 is a large address block with 296 addresses, having a 32-bit routing prefix.
For IPv4, a network may also be characterized by its subnet mask or netmask, which is the bitmask that when applied by a bitwise AND operation to any IP address in the network, yields the routing prefix. Subnet masks are also expressed in dot-decimal notation like an address. For example, 255.255.255.0 is the subnet mask for the prefix 198.51.100.0/24.


NEW QUESTION # 656
At a rapidly expanding fintech company in London, United Kingdom, security analyst Oliver Grant was reviewing authentication logs after detecting unusual login behavior across several employee accounts. The logs revealed repeated authentication attempts occurring within short intervals, targeting multiple user accounts using different password variations.
Further analysis showed that some users had selected simple and predictable credentials, while others reused passwords across different systems. Despite these factors, the activity continued across multiple accounts over time.
Which password policy control would most effectively mitigate this type of attack?

Answer: B

Explanation:
The authentication pattern represents an online password-guessing campaign directed at several accounts.
Account blocking, commonly implemented through an account-lockout threshold, directly restricts the attacker's ability to make repeated attempts. After the configured number of failures, further authentication is temporarily or administratively prevented, interrupting the attack before extensive password testing can continue.
Avoiding guessable passwords and increasing password length are important preventive controls, but they do not directly stop repeated online attempts against the authentication service. Periodic password changes are also not the most effective response. Forced changes can lead users to choose predictable variations and do not prevent an attacker from repeatedly testing current credentials. Modern policy should combine strong, non- reused passwords with multifactor authentication, rate limiting, intelligent lockout, and monitoring.
The wording "most effectively mitigate this type of attack" makes option A the strongest answer because it controls the repeated-login mechanism identified in the logs. The threshold must nevertheless be chosen carefully: an excessively low threshold can allow an attacker to cause denial of service by deliberately locking accounts. Microsoft defines the account-lockout threshold as the number of failed sign-in attempts that causes an account to be locked and recommends balancing brute-force resistance with availability. Microsoft account- lockout guidance


NEW QUESTION # 657
A penetration tester identifies malware that monitors the activities of a user and secretly collects personal information, such as login credentials and browsing habits. What type of malware is this?

Answer: A

Explanation:
CEH defines spyware as malware designed to covertly observe user behavior and transmit sensitive information to attackers without the victim's knowledge. Spyware commonly records keystrokes, browser activity, form submissions, application usage, and other personally identifiable information. CEH highlights that spyware often operates silently and may disguise itself as legitimate software, making detection difficult.
Unlike rootkits-which hide processes and files-or worms that self-replicate, spyware focuses exclusively on monitoring and data exfiltration. It is frequently installed through phishing, drive-by downloads, browser vulnerabilities, or malicious installers. Spyware can serve as a stepping stone for further system compromise by providing attackers with credentials for privilege escalation, lateral movement, or financial theft. CEH emphasizes the need for endpoint hardening, updated anti-malware engines, and behavioral analysis tools to detect such stealthy monitoring programs.


NEW QUESTION # 658
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