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NEW QUESTION # 71
On supported FortiSwitch models, which access control list (ACL) stage is recommended for applying actions before the switch performs any layer 2 or layer 3 processing? (Choose one answer)
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to theFortiSwitchOS 7.6 Administration Guideand theNSE 5 FortiSwitch 7.6 Administrator Study Guide, FortiSwitch supports a multi-stage ACL pipeline that allows for granular traffic control at different points in a packet's journey through the switch.1The documentation identifies three primary stages for ACL application:Prelookup,Ingress, andEgress.
* Prelookup (Option D):This is the earliest stage in the switching pipeline. The documentation explicitly states thatPrelookup ACLsare processedbefore any Layer 2 or Layer 3 lookupsare performed by the switch hardware. This stage is highly recommended for high-performance security actions, such as dropping unwanted traffic immediately upon arrival, because it prevents the switch from wasting internal resources (CPU and ASIC lookup cycles) on frames that are destined to be discarded anyway.
* Ingress (Option A):This stage occursafterthe switch has completed its Layer 2 (MAC table) and Layer
3 (routing table) lookups butbeforethe packet is queued for the egress port. While powerful, actions here occur after initial processing has already taken place.
* Egress (Option C):This stage is processed just before the frame leaves the switch through the destination port. It is typically used for final modifications or filtering based on the outgoing interface context.
Therefore, to achieve the goal of applying actionsbeforeany Layer 2 or Layer 3 processing occurs, the Prelookupstage is the technically correct and recommended choice in FortiSwitchOS 7.6.Forwarding (Option B)is a general functional stage of a switch but is not a specific ACL stage type in the FortiSwitch configuration hierarchy.
NEW QUESTION # 72
Refer to the diagnostic output:
Two entries in the exhibit show that the same MAC address has been used in two different VLANs. Which MAC address is shown in the above output?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The MAC address "00:50:56:96:e3:fc" appearing in two different VLANs (4089 and 4094) in the diagnostic output indicates it is a MAC address associated with a device that supports traffic from multiple VLANs.
Such a behavior is typical of network infrastructure devices like switches or routers, which are configured to allow traffic from various VLANs to pass through a single physical or logical interface. This is essential in network designs that utilize VLANs to segregate network traffic for different departments or use cases while using the same physical infrastructure.
References:
For more detailed information on MAC table diagnostics and VLAN configurations in FortiGate devices, refer to the official Fortinet documentation:Fortinet Product Documentation.
NEW QUESTION # 73
Which drop policy mode, if assigned to a congested port, will drop incoming packets until there is no congestion on the egress port?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Tail-drop mode is a congestion management technique used in network devices, including FortiSwitches, to handle congestion on network ports:
* Tail-Drop Mode (A):
* Behavior:When a queue reaches its maximum capacity on a congested port, tail-drop mode simply drops any incoming packets that arrive after the buffer is full. This continues until the congestion is alleviated and there is space in the queue to accommodate new packets.
* Application:This is a straightforward approach used when the device's buffer allocated to the port becomes full due to sustained high traffic, preventing buffer overflow and maintaining system stability.
References:For more details on congestion management techniques and settings on FortiSwitch, you can refer to the configuration manuals available on:Fortinet Product Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 74
Refer to the exhibit.
The profile shown in the exhibit is assigned to a group of managed FortiSwitch ports, and these ports are connected to endpoints which are powered by PoE.
Which configuration action can you perform on the LLDP profile to cause these endpoints to exchange PoE information and negotiate power with the managed FortiSwitch?
Answer: D
Explanation:
To cause endpoints to exchange PoE information and negotiate power with the managed FortiSwitch via LLDP, you should configure the LLDP profile to include power management in the advertised LLDP-MED TLVs. Here are the steps:
* Access the LLDP Profile Configuration:Start by entering the LLDP profile configuration mode with the command:
config switch-controller lldp-profile
edit "LLDP-PROFILE"
* Enable MED-TLVs:Ensure that MED-TLVs (Media Endpoint Discovery TLVs) are enabled. These TLVs are used for extended discovery relating to network policies, including PoE, and are essential for PoE negotiation. They include power management which is crucial for the negotiation of PoE parameters between devices. The command to ensure network policies are set might look like:
set med-tlvs network-policy
* Add Power Management TLV:Specifically add or ensure the power management TLV is part of the configuration. This will advertise the PoE capabilities and requirements, enabling dynamic power allocation between the FortiSwitch and the connected devices (like VoIP phones or wireless access points). This can typically be done within the network-policy settings:
config med-network-policy
edit <policy_index>
set poe-capability
next
end
* Save and Apply Changes:Exit the configuration blocks properly ensuring changes are saved:
End
* Verify Configuration:It's always good practice to verify that your configurations have been applied correctly. Use the appropriateshoworgetcommands to review the LLDP profile settings.
By adding the power management as part of LLDP-MED TLVs, the FortiSwitch will be able to communicate its power requirements and capabilities to the endpoints, thereby facilitating a dynamic power negotiation that is crucial for efficient PoE utilization.
References:For more detailed information and additional configurations, you can refer to the FortiSwitch Managed Switches documentation available on Fortinet's official documentation site:Fortinet Product Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 75
Refer to the exhibit.
Port24 is the only uplink port connected to the network where you need access to FortiSwitch management services. However, FortiSwitch is not accessible on its management interface with IP address 10.0.13.3.
Based on the configuration shown in the exhibit, which two actions should you take to fix the issue and access FortiSwitch? (Choose two answers)
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
According to theFortiSwitchOS 7.6 Administration Guide (Page 320), management traffic on a FortiSwitch is associated with a specific logical interface, which in this case is the " internal " interface. The exhibit shows that the " internal " interface is configured onVLAN 4094(both as native and allowed). This means that for any management traffic (such as HTTPS, SSH, or SNMP) to reach the switch CPU, it must be able to traverse the physical uplink on VLAN 4094.
However, the configuration forport24(the uplink) is currently restricted. It is set withnative VLAN 100and an allowed-vlans list that only includes100 and 200. Because VLAN 4094 is not included in the allowed list of port24, all frames belonging to the management VLAN (4094) are dropped by the switch ' s ingress/egress filters on the uplink.
To resolve this and restore management access, the administrator has two valid configuration paths based on the provided options:
* Option B:Change thenative VLAN on port24 to VLAN 4094. By making 4094 the native VLAN, untagged management traffic can traverse the port, effectively allowing the " internal " interface to communicate with the network.
* Option D:Add VLAN 4094 to the allowed VLANs on port24. This ensures that VLAN 4094 is no longer filtered out, allowing management frames to pass through the uplink while maintaining the current native VLAN for other traffic.
Option C is irrelevant as removing a working VLAN (200) does not help the management traffic. While Option A describes an alternate architectural approach (moving management into an already-allowed VLAN), Options B and D represent the direct fixes for the mismatch described in the 7.6 administration documentation.
NEW QUESTION # 76
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