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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Annotations and JDBC | - Use built-in and custom annotations - Connect to databases using JDBC - Execute SQL operations and process results |
| Topic 2: Java Concurrency | - Work with concurrent collections and executors - Use virtual threads - Create and manage threads |
| Topic 3: Functional Programming | - Process data using Stream API - Use lambda expressions and method references - Work with functional interfaces |
| Topic 4: Handling Date, Time, Text, Numeric and Boolean Values | - Use date, time, duration, period, and localization APIs - Work with primitive wrappers and number formatting - Use String, StringBuilder, and related APIs |
| Topic 5: Controlling Program Flow | - Apply decision statements and loops - Use switch expressions and pattern matching - Work with records and sealed classes |
| Topic 6: Collections and Generics | - Apply generics and bounded types - Use List, Set, Map, Queue, and Deque implementations - Use sequenced collections and maps |
| Topic 7: Object-Oriented Programming | - Implement encapsulation and abstraction - Create and use classes, interfaces, enums, and records - Apply inheritance and polymorphism |
| Topic 8: Exception Handling | - Create custom exceptions - Use try-with-resources - Handle checked and unchecked exceptions |
| Topic 9: Java I/O and NIO | - Process file system resources - Use Path, Files, and related APIs - Read and write files |
| Topic 10: Modules and Packaging | - Create and use Java modules - Manage dependencies and exports - Package and deploy applications |
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NEW QUESTION # 15
Given:
java
public class OuterClass {
String outerField = "Outer field";
class InnerClass {
void accessMembers() {
System.out.println(outerField);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Inner class:");
System.out.println("------------");
OuterClass outerObject = new OuterClass();
InnerClass innerObject = new InnerClass(); // n1
innerObject.accessMembers(); // n2
}
}
What is printed?
Answer: D
Explanation:
* Understanding Inner Classes in Java
* Aninner class (non-static nested class)requires an instance of the outer classbefore it can be instantiated.
* Incorrect instantiationof the inner class at n1:
java
InnerClass innerObject = new InnerClass(); // Compilation error
* Since InnerClass is anon-staticinner class, itmust be created from an instance of OuterClass.
* Correct Way to Instantiate the Inner Class
java
OuterClass outerObject = new OuterClass();
OuterClass.InnerClass innerObject = outerObject.new InnerClass(); // Correct
* Thiscorrectly associatesthe inner class with an instance of OuterClass.
* Why Does Compilation Fail?
* The error occurs atline n1because InnerClass is beinginstantiated incorrectly.
Thus, the correct answer is:Compilation fails at line n1.
References:
* Java SE 21 - Nested and Inner Classes
* Java SE 21 - Accessing Outer Class Members
NEW QUESTION # 16
Given:
java
import java.io.*;
class A implements Serializable {
int number = 1;
}
class B implements Serializable {
int number = 2;
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
File file = new File("o.ser");
A a = new A();
var oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
oos.writeObject(a);
oos.close();
var ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
B b = (B) ois.readObject();
ois.close();
System.out.println(b.number);
}
}
What is the given program's output?
Answer: B
Explanation:
In this program, we have two classes, A and B, both implementing the Serializable interface, and a Test class with the main method.
Program Flow:
* Serialization:
* An instance of class A is created and assigned to the variable a.
* An ObjectOutputStream is created to write to the file "o.ser".
* The object a is serialized and written to the file.
* The ObjectOutputStream is closed.
* Deserialization:
* An ObjectInputStream is created to read from the file "o.ser".
* The program attempts to read an object from the file and cast it to an instance of class B.
* The ObjectInputStream is closed.
Analysis:
* Serialization Process:
* The object a is an instance of class A and is serialized into the file "o.ser".
* Deserialization Process:
* When deserializing, the program reads the object from the file and attempts to cast it to class B.
* However, the object in the file is of type A, not B.
* Since A and B are distinct classes with no inheritance relationship, casting an A instance to B is invalid.
Exception Details:
* Attempting to cast an object of type A to type B results in a ClassCastException.
* The exception message would be similar to:
pgsql
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassCastException: class A cannot be cast to class B Conclusion:
The program compiles successfully but throws a ClassCastException at runtime when it attempts to cast the deserialized object to class B.
NEW QUESTION # 17
Which of the following statements oflocal variables declared with varareinvalid?(Choose 4)
Answer: A,D,E,F
Explanation:
1. Valid Use Cases of var
* var is alocal variable type inferencefeature.
* The compilerinfers the type from the assigned value.
* Example of valid use:
java
var a = 10; // Type inferred as int
var str = "Hello"; // Type inferred as String
2. Analyzing the Given Statements
Statement
Valid/Invalid
Reason
var a = 1;
Valid
Type inferred as int.
var b = 2, c = 3.0;
#Invalid
var doesnot allow multiple declarationsin one statement.
var d[] = new int[4];
#Invalid
Array brackets []are not allowedwith var.
var e;
#Invalid
varrequires an initializer(cannot be declared without assignment).
var f = { 6 };
#Invalid
{ 6 } is anarray initializer, which must have an explicit type.
var h = (g = 7);
Valid
g is assigned 7, and h gets its value.
Thus, the correct answers are:B, C, D, E
References:
* Java SE 21 - Local Variable Type Inference (var)
* Java SE 21 - var Restrictions
NEW QUESTION # 18
What is the output of the following snippet? (Assume the file exists)
java
Path path = Paths.get("C:\\home\\joe\\foo");
System.out.println(path.getName(0));
Answer: A
Explanation:
In Java's java.nio.file package, the Path class represents a file path in a file system. The Paths.get(String first, String... more) method is used to create a Path instance by converting a path string or URI.
In the provided code snippet, the Path object path is created with the string "C:\\home\\joe\\foo". This represents an absolute path on a Windows system.
The getName(int index) method of the Path class returns a name element of the path as a Path object. The index is zero-based, where index 0 corresponds to the first element in the path's name sequence. It's important to note that the root component (e.g., "C:\" on Windows) is not considered a name element and is not included in this sequence.
Therefore, for the path "C:\\home\\joe\\foo":
* Root Component:"C:\"
* Name Elements:
* Index 0: "home"
* Index 1: "joe"
* Index 2: "foo"
When path.getName(0) is called, it returns the first name element, which is "home". Thus, the output of the System.out.println statement is home.
NEW QUESTION # 19
You are working on a module named perfumery.shop that depends on another module named perfumery.
provider.
The perfumery.shop module should also make its package perfumery.shop.eaudeparfum available to other modules.
Which of the following is the correct file to declare the perfumery.shop module?
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Correct module descriptor file name
* A module declaration must be placed inside a file namedmodule-info.java.
* The incorrect filename module-info.perfumery.shop.javais invalid(Option A).
* The incorrect filename module.javais invalid(Option C).
* Correct module declaration
* The module declaration must match the name of the module (perfumery.shop).
* The requires perfumery.provider; directive specifies that perfumery.shop depends on perfumery.
provider.
* The exports perfumery.shop.eaudeparfum; statement allows the perfumery.shop.eaudeparfum package to beaccessible by other modules.
* The incorrect syntax exports perfumery.shop.eaudeparfum.*; in Option A isinvalid, as wildcards (*) arenot allowedin module exports.
Thus, the correct answer is:File name: module-info.java
References:
* Java SE 21 - Modules
* Java SE 21 - module-info.java File
NEW QUESTION # 20
......
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