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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| General Security Concepts | 12% | - Cryptography basics
|
| Security Program Management and Oversight | 20% | - Compliance and audit
|
| Security Architecture | 18% | - Secure network design
|
| Security Operations | 28% | - Incident response and forensics
|
| Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigations | 22% | - Attack types and defenses
|
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NEW QUESTION # 687
A security analyst is reviewing the following logs:
Which of the following attacks is most likely occurring?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
Password spraying is a type of brute force attack that tries common passwords across several accounts to find a match. It is a mass trial-and-error approach that can bypass account lockout protocols. It can give hackers access to personal or business accounts and information. It is not a targeted attack, but a high-volume attack tactic that uses a dictionary or a list of popular or weak passwords12.
The logs show that the attacker is using the same password ("password123") to attempt to log in to different accounts ("admin", "user1", "user2", etc.) on the same web server. This is a typical pattern of password spraying, as the attacker is hoping that at least one of the accounts has a weak password that matches the one they are trying. The attacker is also using a tool called Hydra, which is one of the most popular brute force tools, often used in cracking passwords for network authentication3.
Account forgery is not the correct answer, because it involves creating fake accounts or credentials to impersonate legitimate users or entities. There is no evidence of account forgery in the logs, as the attacker is not creating any new accounts or using forged credentials.
Pass-the-hash is not the correct answer, because it involves stealing a hashed user credential and using it to create a new authenticated session on the same network. Pass-the-hash does not require the attacker to know or crack the password, as they use the stored version of the password to initiate a new session4. The logs show that the attacker is using plain text passwords, not hashes, to try to log in to the web server.
Brute-force is not the correct answer, because it is a broader term that encompasses different types of attacks that involve trying different variations of symbols or words until the correct password is found. Password spraying is a specific type of brute force attack that uses a single common password against multiple accounts5. The logs show that the attacker is using password spraying, not brute force in general, to try to gain access to the web server. References = 1: Password spraying: An overview of password spraying attacks ... - Norton, 2: Security: Credential Stuffing vs. Password Spraying - Baeldung, 3: Brute Force Attack: A definition + 6 types to know | Norton, 4: What is a Pass-the-Hash Attack? - CrowdStrike, 5: What is a Brute Force Attack? | Definition, Types & How It Works - Fortinet
NEW QUESTION # 688
An employee from the accounting department logs in to the website used for processing the company ' s payments. After logging in, a new desktop application automatically downloads on the employee ' s computer and causes the computer to restart. Which of the following attacks has occurred?
Answer: D
Explanation:
A watering hole attack occurs when attackers compromise a website that is frequently visited by targeted users-in this case, the payment processing site used by employees. The compromised site then delivers malicious payloads to visitors, such as downloading malicious applications without user consent.
XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) attacks inject malicious scripts into web pages but typically do not cause automatic application downloads leading to restarts. Typosquatting (C) involves malicious websites mimicking legitimate ones via misspelled URLs. Buffer overflow (D) is an attack targeting software memory but doesn't typically involve website compromise and automatic downloads.
This attack type is detailed in the Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigations domain of SY0-701#6:Chapter
2†CompTIA Security+ Study Guide#.
NEW QUESTION # 689
An employee receives a text message that appears to have been sent by the payroll department and is asking for credential verification. Which of the following social engineering techniques are being attempted? (Choose two.)
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
Smishing is a type of social engineering technique that uses text messages (SMS) to trick victims into revealing sensitive information, clicking malicious links, or downloading malware. Smishing messages often appear to come from legitimate sources, such as banks, government agencies, or service providers, and use urgent or threatening language to persuade the recipients to take action12. In this scenario, the text message that claims to be from the payroll department is an example of smishing.
Impersonation is a type of social engineering technique that involves pretending to be someone else, such as an authority figure, a trusted person, or a colleague, to gain the trust or cooperation of the target. Impersonation can be done through various channels, such as phone calls, emails, text messages, or in-person visits, and can be used to obtain information, access, or money from the victim34. In this scenario, the text message that pretends to be from the payroll department is an example of impersonation.
A: Typosquatting is a type of cyberattack that involves registering domain names that are similar to popular or well-known websites, but with intentional spelling errors or different extensions. Typosquatting aims to exploit the common mistakes that users make when typing web addresses, and redirect them to malicious or fraudulent sites that may steal their information, install malware, or display ads56. Typosquatting is not related to text messages or credential verification.
B: Phishing is a type of social engineering technique that uses fraudulent emails to trick recipients into revealing sensitive information, clicking malicious links, or downloading malware. Phishing emails often mimic the appearance and tone of legitimate organizations, such as banks, retailers, or service providers, and use deceptive or urgent language to persuade the recipients to take action78. Phishing is not related to text messages or credential verification.
D: Vishing is a type of social engineering technique that uses voice calls to trick victims into revealing sensitive information, such as passwords, credit card numbers, or bank account details. Vishing calls often appear to come from legitimate sources, such as law enforcement, government agencies, or technical support, and use scare tactics or false promises to persuade the recipients to comply9 . Vishing is not related to text messages or credential verification.
F: Misinformation is a type of social engineering technique that involves spreading false or misleading information to influence the beliefs, opinions, or actions of the target. Misinformation can be used to manipulate public perception, create confusion, damage reputation, or promote an agenda . Misinformation is not related to text messages or credential verification.
References = 1: What is Smishing? | Definition and Examples | Kaspersky 2: Smishing - Wikipedia 3:
Impersonation Attacks: What Are They and How Do You Protect Against Them? 4: Impersonation - Wikipedia 5: What is Typosquatting? | Definition and Examples | Kaspersky 6: Typosquatting - Wikipedia 7: What is Phishing? | Definition and Examples | Kaspersky 8: Phishing - Wikipedia 9: What is Vishing? | Definition and Examples | Kaspersky : Vishing - Wikipedia : What is Misinformation? | Definition and Examples | Britannica : Misinformation - Wikipedia
NEW QUESTION # 690
A systems administrator is working on a solution with the following requirements:
* Provide a secure zone.
* Enforce a company-wide access control policy.
* Reduce the scope of threats.
Which of the following is the systems administrator setting up?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The correct answer is Zero Trust because it directly aligns with all three stated requirements: creating secure zones, enforcing consistent access control policies across the organization, and reducing the overall threat surface. In the Security+ SY0-701 framework, Zero Trust is a modern security architecture model based on the principle of never trust, always verify. It assumes that threats may already exist inside or outside the network and therefore requires continuous validation of users, devices, and sessions.
Zero Trust architectures segment environments into secure zones, often using microsegmentation, to prevent lateral movement by attackers. This directly reduces the scope of threats by limiting what an attacker can access even if one component is compromised. Enforcing company-wide access control policies is another core Zero Trust principle, as access decisions are centrally governed and based on identity, device posture, context, and least privilege rather than network location.
Option B, AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting), is an access control framework, but it does not inherently define secure zones or reduce threat scope through segmentation. Option C, Non-repudiation, ensures actions cannot be denied later and is primarily related to auditing and accountability, not access control architecture. Option D, CIA, refers to confidentiality, integrity, and availability-fundamental security goals rather than an implementation model.
The SY0-701 study guide emphasizes Zero Trust as a strategic approach to minimizing attack surfaces, enforcing least privilege, and protecting enterprise resources regardless of user location or network boundaries. By continuously validating access and restricting trust, Zero Trust architectures significantly reduce risk and improve resilience against both internal and external threats.
In summary, the combination of secure zones, centralized access control enforcement, and reduced threat exposure clearly indicates the implementation of a Zero Trust architecture.
NEW QUESTION # 691
A business is expanding to a new country and must protect customers from accidental disclosure of specific national identity information. Which of the following should the security engineer update to best meet business requirements?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The requirement is to prevent the accidental disclosure of national identity information-highly sensitive personal data. The best solution is DLP (Data Loss Prevention). DLP tools monitor, detect, and block unauthorized transmission or exposure of sensitive data across:
* Email
* Cloud storage
* Endpoints
* Networks
* Databases
In Security+ SY0-701, DLP is specifically recommended for ensuring compliance with privacy regulations, including those related to national identifiers (e.g., Social Security numbers, national ID numbers).
A SIEM (A) aggregates logs but does not prevent data leakage. SCAP (B) provides standardized security configuration assessments, unrelated to data protection. A WAF (D) helps protect web applications but does not prevent sensitive data exfiltration.
Since the requirement focuses on preventing accidental disclosure, DLP is the only technology capable of detecting, labeling, blocking, and reporting attempts to move or expose sensitive national identity data.
Therefore, the correct answer is C.
NEW QUESTION # 692
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