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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: MPLS and Service Provider Technologies | - MPLS fundamentals
|
| Topic 2: Service Provider Architecture & Junos Fundamentals | - Junos OS routing fundamentals
|
| Topic 3: BGP and Routing Policy | - BGP fundamentals
|
| Topic 4: Troubleshooting and Operations | - Performance and monitoring
|
| Topic 5: OSPF and IS-IS Routing Protocols | - OSPF configuration and troubleshooting
|
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NEW QUESTION # 80
You are using EBGP to connect to two upstream peers in the same AS. You want to make one of the links less preferred for traffic entering your network from the peer's AS. Which feature should you use to achieve this goal?
Answer: C
Explanation:
In the world of BGP, controllinginbound traffic(traffic entering your network) is significantly more challenging than controlling outbound traffic because it requires influencing a decision made by an external Autonomous System (AS). According to Juniper Networks documentation, when you have multiple links to the same AS or even different ASes, the BGP path selection process is used by the upstream neighbor to decide which path to take to reach your prefixes.
AS-Path Prependingis the standard technique used to make a path appear less attractive to external peers. By artificially lengthening the AS_PATH attribute on the BGP advertisements sent over a specific link, you exploit the BGP best-path algorithm rule that prefers a shorter AS path. When you prepend your own AS number multiple times to the update sent to the "less preferred" peer, that peer's BGP routers will see a longer path compared to the alternative link and will naturally prefer the shorter, unprepended route.
It is important to distinguish why other options are incorrect for this specific goal:
* Local Preference (Option D):This is a well-known discretionary attribute used to influenceoutbound traffic. It is not advertised to EBGP peers; therefore, your upstream neighbor cannot see your local preference settings.
* Origin Code (Option B):While the origin code (IGP, EGP, or Incomplete) is a tie-breaker in the selection process, it is rarely used for traffic engineering and lacks the granular control provided by prepending.
* Route Reflector (Option A):This is an Internal BGP (IBGP) scaling mechanism used to reduce the need for a full mesh of peers within an AS; it does not directly influence external path selection by an upstream provider.
Junos OS allows you to easily implement prepending viarouting policiesapplied as an "export" policy to the EBGP neighbor. By using the as-path-prepend action within a policy term, you can selectively degrade a path's attractiveness to manage your inbound bandwidth.
NEW QUESTION # 81
Click the Exhibit button.
Referring to the exhibit, which two statements are true? (Choose two.)
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
The routing table shows two equal-cost next hops for the prefix and both are installed in the forwarding table, which means the router is selecting both next hops for forwarding traffic. This indicates equal-cost multipath forwarding.
The forwarding table entry shows a load-balancing group containing both next hops, which reflects the default Junos behavior of performing load balancing across equal-cost paths when multiple next hops exist for the same route.
NEW QUESTION # 82
Click the Exhibit button.
Referring to the exhibit, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
All listed ports are in the designated role and forwarding state, and the designated bridge ID shown matches the local bridge ID, which indicates the device is acting as the root bridge for this spanning-tree instance.
The bridge ID begins with 32768, which corresponds to the default bridge priority of 32,768 (32k).
NEW QUESTION # 83
Which two events cause a static route to be removed from a routing table? (Choose two.)
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
In Junos OS, astatic routeis a manually configured entry in the routing table. Unlike dynamic routes, which have built-in timers and aging mechanisms, static routes are generally "permanent" as long as their conditions for validity are met.
1. Manual Removal (Option A):
Since static routes are explicitly defined by the administrator, the most direct way to remove one is through a configuration change. Using the delete routing-options static route <prefix> command followed by a commit will immediately remove the route from the Routing Information Base (RIB).
2. Next-Hop Reachability (Option B):
For a static route to be "active" and installed in the forwarding table, itsnext-hop must be reachable. If a static route points to a specific physical interface or an IP address on a local segment, and thatoutbound interface becomes unavailable(e.g., the link goes "Down"), the Junos kernel detects that the next-hop is no longer viable. Consequently, the route is marked as "hidden" or "inactive" and is removed from the active forwarding table to prevent traffic from being black-holed.
Why other options are incorrect:
* Aging (Option C):Static routes do not have an expiration timer based on traffic. Even if no packet is sent for years, the route remains as long as the interface is up.
* Remote Reachability (Option D):Standard static routes only track the status of the local interface or the immediate next-hop. They do not possess "end-to-end" visibility. If a host two hops away fails, the local router has no way of knowing this via the static route itself. To achieve this level of tracking, features likeRPM (Real-time Performance Monitoring)orBFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection)must be linked to the static route.
NEW QUESTION # 84
Which BGP attribute Is used to detect touting loops?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The AS path is a BGP attribute that lists the autonomous systems (AS) that routing information has passed through to get to a destination. It is used to detect and prevent routing loops by checking if the router's own AS number is in the path.
NEW QUESTION # 85
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