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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Safety and Compliance | 26% | - Quality control & error prevention - PPE & sharps disposal - Infection control & OSHA standards - HIPAA & patient confidentiality - Bloodborne pathogens & exposure control |
| Topic 2: Specimen Processing & Handling | 14% | - Aliquoting & preservation - Transport & storage requirements - Documentation & tracking - Processing & centrifugation - Specimen rejection criteria |
| Topic 3: Routine Blood Collections | 28% | - Capillary puncture procedures - Post-collection care & labeling - Tourniquet use & vein assessment - Order of draw & tube selection - Venipuncture techniques & equipment |
| Topic 4: Patient Preparation | 20% | - Requisition review & test verification - Patient positioning & comfort - Informed consent & communication - Patient identification & verification - Site selection & preparation |
| Topic 5: Special Collections | 12% | - Therapeutic drug monitoring - Pediatric & geriatric collections - Blood alcohol & legal collections - Blood cultures & sterile collection - Glucose tolerance & dynamic tests |
>> Phlebotomy-Technician Test Questions <<
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NEW QUESTION # 22
A phlebotomist has just performed quality control measurements on a glucose monitor. The values exceed the acceptable limits. Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take?
Answer: C
Explanation:
When glucose monitor quality control values exceed acceptable limits, the phlebotomist should perform the manufacturer's recommended actions. Out-of-range QC means the instrument, strips, controls, operator technique, storage conditions, or environmental factors may be unreliable. Patient testing should not proceed until the problem is corrected and QC results return to acceptable range according to the device instructions and facility procedure. Cleaning the monitor may be part of troubleshooting, but it is not automatically the complete or correct response unless the manufacturer's protocol identifies contamination as the cause. Replacing batteries may be appropriate only if the device indicates low power or the manufacturer's instructions direct it. Documenting the values is necessary, but documentation alone does not correct the failed QC or validate patient results. The correct professional action is to follow the device-specific troubleshooting and QC procedure, repeat controls when indicated, remove defective materials from use, and notify the appropriate supervisor if unresolved. NHA CPT competencies include point-of-care testing, quality control, CLIA-waived testing, equipment maintenance, and accurate documentation. Reference topics: Special Collections; point-of-care glucose testing; quality control; manufacturer instructions.
NEW QUESTION # 23
A phlebotomist is preparing to collect a CBC and a basic metabolic panel using evacuated tubes. Which of the following tubes should the phlebotomist collect first?
Answer: B
Explanation:
For a CBC and basic metabolic panel, the green-top tube should be collected before the lavender-top tube when following the standard order of draw after sterile/blood culture tubes and coagulation tubes. A basic metabolic panel is commonly collected in a green-top heparin tube or serum tube depending on facility protocol, while a CBC requires a lavender-top EDTA tube. Additive carryover is the key concept. EDTA from a lavender tube can contaminate later specimens and falsely elevate potassium while lowering calcium because EDTA binds calcium. This makes lavender-top collection before chemistry specimens technically unsafe when chemistry testing is also ordered. Gray-top tubes are generally used for glucose or lactate testing and are collected later. Yellow SPS tubes are used for blood cultures and would be collected first only if blood cultures were ordered. The phlebotomist must know order of draw, tube additives, and the clinical consequence of additive contamination. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; order of draw; tube additives; CBC; chemistry specimen collection.
NEW QUESTION # 24
Which of the following is the best response when a patient asks the phlebotomist to interpret an abnormal laboratory result?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The best response is, "Your provider can explain what the result means." Phlebotomists may explain collection procedures, specimen requirements, and general process steps, but they should not interpret laboratory results, diagnose conditions, or speculate about disease severity. Telling the patient the condition is serious is outside scope and may be inaccurate. Advising the patient to search online is unprofessional and can increase confusion or anxiety. Suggesting the laboratory made an error is also inappropriate unless an authorized investigation has identified an error. The correct response protects patient safety, scope of practice, and communication integrity. Laboratory results must be interpreted in clinical context, including history, medications, symptoms, other test results, and provider assessment. The phlebotomist should route result questions to the ordering provider or authorized clinical staff according to facility policy. This question tests professionalism and communication boundaries. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; scope of practice; patient communication; result interpretation; professional conduct.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which of the following complications is associated with a dermal puncture?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Osteomyelitis is the correct complication associated with dermal puncture, especially when puncture depth or site selection is improper in infants. Osteomyelitis is infection of bone, and it can occur if a lancet penetrates too deeply or if a puncture is performed over an unsafe area where soft tissue is thin and bone is close to the skin. This is why infant heel punctures must be performed only on the medial or lateral plantar surface and never on the posterior curvature or central heel. Osteoarthritis is degenerative joint disease and is not caused by dermal puncture. Osteoporosis is reduced bone density and is unrelated to capillary collection technique. Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor and is not a procedural complication of phlebotomy. Proper dermal puncture requires correct lancet depth, appropriate site selection, aseptic technique, and avoidance of repeated punctures in the same area. NHA CPT content includes dermal puncture procedures, capillary collection, complications, site selection, and patient risk reduction. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; dermal puncture; capillary collection; pediatric site safety.
NEW QUESTION # 26
A phlebotomist must recollect a blood sample after the initial sample was rejected by the laboratory. Which of the following factors might have caused the sample to be rejected?
Answer: C
Explanation:
An underfilled collection tube is a common reason for laboratory rejection because many tests require a specific blood-to-additive ratio. This is especially critical for coagulation specimens, where insufficient blood relative to anticoagulant can falsely prolong clotting results. Underfilling can also produce inadequate specimen volume for testing, repeat analysis, or instrument requirements. A hematoma at the puncture site is a patient complication and may indicate procedural difficulty, but it does not automatically require specimen rejection unless it affected specimen quality. Use of a multiple-sample needle is a standard venipuncture method and is not a rejection criterion by itself. The cephalic vein is an acceptable antecubital vein when selected appropriately, so using it does not invalidate the specimen. Processing accuracy begins at collection: correct tube, correct volume, correct mixing, correct labeling, and correct transport. The NHA CPT outline identifies preanalytical errors, minimum and maximum volume requirements, fill levels and ratios, maintaining specimen integrity, and recollection as core processing and collection competencies. Reference topics: Processing Specimens; preanalytical errors; tube fill level; specimen rejection and recollection.
NEW QUESTION # 27
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