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CompTIA CS0-004 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Topic 1: Security Operations34%- Security Monitoring and Analysis
  • 1. Endpoint, Network, and Cloud Monitoring
  • 2. SIEM Implementation and Analysis
  • 3. System and Network Architecture Security
  • 4. SOAR, EDR, and XDR Concepts
  • 5. Threat Detection and Threat Hunting
Topic 2: Reporting and Communication16%- Documentation and Stakeholder Communication
  • 1. Incident Reporting Requirements and Compliance
  • 2. Risk Communication to Technical and Business Audiences
  • 3. Security Reporting and Documentation
Topic 3: Vulnerability Management26%- Vulnerability Assessment and Remediation
  • 1. Remediation Verification and Tracking
  • 2. Vulnerability Scanning and Assessment
  • 3. Vulnerability Prioritization and Risk Assessment
  • 4. Cloud and Container Security Vulnerabilities
Topic 4: Incident Response and Management24%- Incident Handling and Investigation
  • 1. Incident Response Lifecycle and Frameworks
  • 2. Containment, Eradication, and Recovery
  • 3. Evidence Collection and Forensic Fundamentals
  • 4. Post-Incident Activities and Lessons Learned

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CompTIA Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+) Certification Exam Sample Questions (Q131-Q136):

NEW QUESTION # 131
An analyst reviews the following system logs from a recent breach attempt:

Which of the following techniques did the attacker attempt to use?

Answer: B

Explanation:
The observed activity corresponds to privilege escalation , meaning the attacker attempted to move from a lower level of authorization to a more powerful security context. Privilege escalation becomes important after initial compromise because an account or process obtained during initial access frequently lacks the permissions required to disable controls, access sensitive resources, modify protected system settings, dump credentials, or establish deeper persistence.
MITRE ATT & CK defines the Privilege Escalation tactic as adversary activity intended to obtain higher- level permissions on a system or network. Techniques can include exploiting vulnerabilities, manipulating access tokens, modifying accounts or group memberships, abusing misconfigurations, or executing processes under more privileged identities.
Exfiltration specifically concerns removing information from the compromised environment. Remote code execution describes obtaining the ability to execute attacker-controlled commands or code remotely; while RCE can sometimes lead to privilege escalation, they represent different objectives. Spoofing involves impersonating or falsifying an identity, address, or other trusted characteristic.
The critical analytical distinction is therefore the attacker's objective demonstrated by the logs : attempting to obtain elevated access indicates privilege escalation rather than merely establishing execution or transferring data.
Study Guide Reference: Security Operations # Malicious Activity Analysis # MITRE ATT & CK # Privilege Escalation # Account/Permission Changes # System Log Interpretation.


NEW QUESTION # 132
Multiple users report unexpected mouse movements and terminal windows opening.
An analyst reviewing the network traffic logs observes the following:

Which of the following is the most likely reason for the reported symptoms?

Answer: C

Explanation:
The activity is consistent with Virtual Network Computing (VNC) remote-control sessions. VNC provides interactive graphical access to another computer, which can manifest to the local user as unexpected mouse movement, windows opening, applications launching, or terminal sessions appearing without direct user interaction.
The network evidence distinguishes VNC from the other possibilities. Nmap's official VNC detection documentation demonstrates VNC services operating on TCP port 5900 and provides NSE functionality for querying VNC protocol versions and supported security mechanisms. When traffic logs show connections consistent with VNC services and users simultaneously observe visible remote desktop activity, VNC is the strongest correlation.
An internally addressable source address establishes only where traffic originated; it does not explain interactive mouse and keyboard activity. A reverse tunnel can provide an attacker with connectivity through network restrictions, but the tunnel itself does not identify the remote-control protocol responsible for the graphical symptoms. RDP can also provide interactive remote access, but it uses a different protocol and service profile; the traffic evidence in the scenario aligns with VNC instead.
An analyst should therefore correlate endpoint symptoms with network protocol and port evidence , rather than diagnosing remote access solely from visible user-interface behavior.
Study Guide Reference: Security Operations # Network Traffic Analysis # Remote Access # VNC # RDP # Ports/Protocols # Indicators of Unauthorized Remote Control.


NEW QUESTION # 133
An analyst is configuring a security information and event management system to capture fileless malware execution events.
Which of the following log files requires additional configuration to accomplish this task?

Answer: D

Explanation:
The Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell/Operational log is the appropriate source because PowerShell is commonly involved in script-based and memory-oriented attack activity, including techniques associated with fileless malware. The key requirement in the question is "requires additional configuration": advanced PowerShell telemetry such as Script Block Logging must be enabled to provide the detailed execution visibility required by a SIEM.
Microsoft documents that enabling Script Block Logging causes PowerShell to record processed commands, functions, scripts, and script blocks in the Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell/Operational channel. In Windows PowerShell, Script Block Logging generates Event ID 4104 , which contains script-block content and can provide valuable evidence when investigating malicious PowerShell execution. Microsoft also specifically identifies malicious PowerShell scripts as a post-exploitation technique associated with fileless attack activity.
The DPAPI operational log concerns cryptographic data-protection activity. UserPnp/DeviceInstall relates to device installation events, while TerminalServices-LocalSessionManager provides Remote Desktop and terminal-session telemetry. Those sources can be valuable during investigations but are not the primary log channel for capturing PowerShell-based fileless execution.
Study Guide Reference: Security Operations # Logging and Monitoring # Windows Event Logs # PowerShell Logging # Event ID 4104 # Script Block Logging # Fileless Malware Detection.


NEW QUESTION # 134
A threat intelligence analyst needs to gather TTPs from attackers. Which of the following is the most comprehensive resource for this task?

Answer: B

Explanation:
A honeynet is a network of decoy systems designed to attract attackers and observe their behavior. It provides valuable intelligence on attacker tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) by allowing security teams to study real-world attack methods, tools, and behaviors in a controlled environment.


NEW QUESTION # 135
A security analyst isolates a Windows 11 workstation from the network after known malware is detected. The list of security information and event management (SIEM) events during the malware installation and timeline does not identify a specific user who was logged in. The security analyst uses the local administrative account to log in and would like a list of logins to the machine.
Which of the following PowerShell commands should the analyst use?

Answer: B

Explanation:
Windows Security Event ID 4624 records a successful logon session. Therefore, querying the Security log for event 4624 provides the analyst with historical evidence of successful logins to the affected workstation.
Get-WinEvent is the appropriate PowerShell cmdlet for retrieving Windows event records. The FilterHashtable parameter allows efficient server-side filtering using attributes such as LogName and ID, rather than retrieving an entire event log and filtering the results afterward. Microsoft specifically documents LogName and ID as valid FilterHashtable keys and recommends this approach for efficient event-log querying.
The command then uses Sort-Object TimeCreated -Descending so the newest login events appear first, and Export-Csv preserves the resulting records for investigation.
Option A does not use the correct PowerShell event-query syntax shown. Options C and D search inappropriate log channels and unrelated event IDs. The evidence needed is authentication history, making the Windows Security log and successful-logon identifier 4624 the correct combination.
Study Guide Reference: Incident Response and Management # Evidence Collection # Windows Event Logs
# PowerShell # Get-WinEvent # Security Event ID 4624 # Timeline Reconstruction.


NEW QUESTION # 136
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