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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Fundamental Concepts of Information Security | 15% | - Information security principles and definitions
|
| Requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 | 30% | - General requirements and ISMS scope definition
|
| Information Security Controls (ISO/IEC 27002:2022) | 25% | - Control categories and implementation guidance
|
| Auditing Principles and Practices | 30% | - Audit execution
|
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NEW QUESTION # 95
情境 6：Sinvestment 是一家提供家庭保險、商業保險和人壽保險的保險公司。該公司成立於北卡羅來納州，但最近在其他地區進行了擴張，包括歐洲和非洲。
Sinvestment 致力於遵守適用於其行業的法律法規，並防止任何資訊安全事件。他們實施了基於 ISO/IEC 27001 的 ISMS 並申請了 ISO/IEC 27001 認證。
認證機構指派兩名審核員進行審核。與Sinvestment簽訂保密協議後。他們開始了審計活動。首先，他們審查了標準要求的文件，包括 ISMS 範圍聲明、資訊安全政策和內部稽核報告。審查過程並不容易，因為儘管 Sinvestment 表示他們已製定文件程序，但並非所有文件都具有相同的格式。
隨後，審計小組對Sinvestment的高階主管進行了多次訪談，以了解他們在ISMS實施中的作用。第一階段審計的所有活動都是遠端進行的，除了根據 Sinvestment 的要求在現場進行的文件資訊審查之外。
在此階段，審計人員發現沒有與資訊安全培訓和意識計劃相關的文件。被問及時，Sinvestment代表表示，公司已為所有員工提供資訊安全培訓課程。第一階段審計讓審計團隊對 Sinvestment 的營運和 ISMS 有了整體了解。
第二階段審核在第一階段審核三週後進行。審計小組觀察到，行銷部門（未包含在審計範圍內）沒有適當的程序來控制員工的存取權限。由於控制員工的存取權限是ISO/IEC 27001的要求之一，並且已包含在公司的資訊安全政策中，因此該問題包含在審計報告中。此外，在第二階段審計中，審計小組觀察到Sinvestment沒有記錄使用者活動日誌。
該公司的程序規定“記錄用戶活動的日誌應保留並定期審查”，但該公司沒有提供任何執行該程序的證據。
在所有審核活動中，審核員透過觀察、訪談、文件化資訊審查、分析和技術驗證來收集資訊和證據。對第一階段和第二階段的所有審核結果進行了分析，審核小組決定發布積極的認證建議。
根據場景 6，行銷部門員工沒有遵守存取控制策略。
在這種情況下哪個選項是正確的？
Answer: C
Explanation:
Even though the marketing department was not included in the audit scope, the issue of employees' access rights control must be communicated to Sinvestment's representatives and included in the audit report because it is part of Sinvestment's information security policy. It reflects on the overall adherence to the ISMS requirements.
NEW QUESTION # 96
場景三：Rebuildy是一家位於泰國曼谷的建築公司，專門從事住宅建築的設計、建造和維護。為了確保敏感專案資料和客戶資訊的安全，Rebuildy決定實施基於ISO/IEC 27001的資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)。這包括對資訊安全風險的全面理解、明確的持續改進方法以及穩健的業務解決方案。
資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)的實施成果如下所示。
*資訊安全是透過應用一系列安全控制措施並建立政策、流程和程序來實現的。
*安全控制措施是根據風險評估實施的，旨在消除風險或將風險降低到可接受的水平。
*所有流程均基於計劃-執行-檢查-改進(PDCA)模型，確保資訊安全管理系統的持續改進。
*資訊安全策略是根據最佳安全實踐制定的安全手冊的一部分，因此它不是一份獨立的文件。
*每位員工的崗位職責中都已明確規定了資訊安全方面的角色和責任。
*資訊安全管理系統的管理評審依計畫間隔進行。
在兩次中期管理評審和一次年度內部審計之後，Rebuildy公司申請了認證。在認證審計之前，Rebuildy公司的一名前員工聯繫了審計團隊成員，告知他們Rebuildy公司存在多項安全問題，但公司試圖掩蓋這些問題。該前員工向審計團隊成員提供了書面證據。 Rebuildy公司的重要客戶Electra公司也提交了關於相同問題的證據，審計人員決定採納Electra公司的證據，而不是前員工提供的證據。在審計完成之前，審計團隊成員一直與Electra公司保持聯繫，討論審計過程中發現的不符合。 Electra公司提供了補充證據來支持這些發現。
審核開始，審核小組對公司高階主管進行了訪談。訪談內容包括高階主管對資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)實施的承諾等。訪談中所獲得的證據以書面確認的形式記錄下來，用於判定Rebuildy公司是否符合ISO/IEC 27001標準的若干條款。從Electra公司獲得的書面證據連同不符合項報告一起附在了審核報告中。其中，發現的不符合項包括：
*公司財務報告系統中偵測到使用者存取控制設定不當的情況。
公司尚未制定獨立的資訊安全策略。取而代之的是，該公司使用根據最佳安全實踐編寫的安全手冊。
收到審計團隊提交的文件後，團隊負責人與Rebuildy的高階主管會面，報告了審計結果。審計團隊報告了與財務報告系統和缺乏獨立資訊安全策略相關的問題。高階管理人員對審查結果表示不滿，並暗示審計團隊負責人的行為不專業，可能要求更換負責人。在壓力之下，審計團隊負責人決定與高階主管合作，淡化已發現的違規問題的嚴重性。因此，審計團隊負責人修改了報告，使其呈現出更有利的一面，從而歪曲了Rebuildy合規問題的真實程度。
根據以上情景，回答以下問題：
問題：
情境 3 中所描述的哪項行為顯示審計團隊負責人違反了獨立性原則？
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* A. Correct Answer:
* Independence is compromised when an auditor alters audit findings under pressure.
* The audit team leader misrepresented compliance, violating ISO 19011's principles of objectivity and integrity.
* B. Incorrect:
* Including anonymous evidence in an audit report is acceptable as long as it is verified.
* C. Incorrect:
* While revealing confidential information would be unethical, it was not mentioned in the scenario.
Relevant Standard Reference:
* ISO 19011:2018 Clause 4 (Principles of Auditing: Independence and Objectivity)
NEW QUESTION # 97
下列哪一項最能描述第二階段審核的目的？
Answer: B
Explanation:
The purpose of a Stage 2 audit is to evaluate the implementation of the management system, in this case, the ISMS, according to the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 and the organisation's own policies and procedures. The Stage 2 audit involves collecting evidence of the effectiveness and performance of the ISMS, as well as verifying the conformity and suitability of the organisation's controls. The Stage 2 audit also assesses the organisation's ability to achieve its information security objectives and to manage information security risks. Reference: = ISO/IEC 27006:2022, clause 9.2.2.2; PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, page 28.
NEW QUESTION # 98
您是認證機構審核員，負責對為 ICT 設施提供託管服務的客戶營運的資料中心進行 ISO/IEC 27001:2022 監督審核。
您和您的導遊目前位於客戶出租給客戶的私人套房之一。每間套房的出入均使用密碼鎖進行控制。每間套房也安裝了閉路電視。
每個套件內有三個資料櫃，客戶可以在其中放置關鍵任務伺服器和其他網路設備，例如交換器和路由器。
您注意到，雖然套房中的兩個櫃子已上鎖，但第三個櫃子卻未上鎖。你問導遊為什麼。他們回覆「這是因為客戶目前正在更換硬碟單元。他們的技術人員目前正在午休」。
接下來你應該採取哪三項行動？
Answer: B,E,F
Explanation:
Leaving the cabinet unlocked while the technician is on a lunch break exposes the client's equipment and data to potential physical security risks, such as theft, damage, or tampering. This is a violation of the ISO/IEC
27001:2022 requirements for physical entry (control 7.2) and physical security monitoring (control 7.4), which aim to prevent unauthorized access to information processing facilities and assets. Therefore, the appropriate actions for the auditor are:
* Raise an opportunity for improvement (OFI) suggesting that the cabinet doors are locked whenever clients leave their suites, even if they intend to return within a short time. This would enhance the security of the client's equipment and data, and reduce the likelihood of security incidents.
* Review the CCTV records to ensure that only the client has accessed the cabinet since it was last confirmed as locked. This would verify the integrity and availability of the client's equipment and data, and identify any possible unauthorized access or interference.
* With the permission of the guide, speak to the customer to confirm that they are in the process of swapping out a drive. This would validate the reason for leaving the cabinet unlocked, and assess the impact and risk of the activity on the client's information security.
References: =
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 7.2, Physical entry
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 7.4, Physical security monitoring
* PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, page 19, Audit Process
* PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, page 21, Audit Findings
NEW QUESTION # 99
您正在一家提供醫療保健服務的住宅療養院進行 ISMS 初始認證審核。審計計劃的下一步是召開末次會議。在最終審核小組會議上，身為審核組組長，您同意報告 2 項輕微不符合項和 1 項改進機會，如下：
選擇您將在最後一次會議上向受審核方提供建議的審核專案經理的建議選項。
Answer: B
Explanation:
*Minor Nonconformities: The identified nonconformities are minor, meaning they don't pose a significant risk to the information security management system (ISMS). They are likely to be easily rectified with focused corrective actions.
*Opportunity for Improvement: This is not a nonconformity but a suggestion for enhancing the ISMS. It doesn't require immediate corrective action but should be addressed in the organization's continual improvement efforts.
*Initial Certification: As this is an initial certification audit, the organization is expected to demonstrate its commitment to addressing any gaps identified. A partial audit allows for a focused follow-up on the specific areas of nonconformity, ensuring they have been adequately addressed.
Why other options are not suitable:
*A. Recommend certification after your approval of the proposed corrective action plan: While certification is the goal, it's premature to recommend it before verifying the effectiveness of the corrective actions.
*B. Recommend that a full scope re-audit is required within 6 months: This is too extensive for minor nonconformities. A full re-audit is usually reserved for major nonconformities or systemic issues.
*D. Recommend that the findings can be closed out at a surveillance audit in 1 year: This is too long a timeframe for addressing the nonconformities. Prompt corrective action is necessary to demonstrate commitment to the ISMS.
In summary, recommending a partial audit within 3 months strikes the right balance between allowing the organization time to implement corrective actions and ensuring timely verification of their effectiveness. This approach aligns with the principles of ISO 27001 and supports the organization's journey towards certification.
NEW QUESTION # 100
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