CertShikenが提供した問題集をショッピングカートに入れて100分の自信で試験に参加して、成功を楽しんで、一回だけNUTRITIONのNBNSC-CNSC試験に合格するのが君は絶対後悔はしません。
| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Team and Program Management | 12% | - Interdisciplinary Team
|
| Topic 2: Nutrition Assessment | 18% | - Medical History and Physical Exam
|
| Topic 3: Basic Science | 12% | - Biochemical assessment
|
| Topic 4: Clinical Monitoring and Management | 18% | - Monitoring of Nutrition Support
|
| Topic 5: Clinical Intervention | 28% | - Enteral Nutrition
|
| Topic 6: Clinical Practice | 12% | - Burns and Trauma
|
NBNSC-CNSC試験を恐れることはありません。NBNSC-CNSC準備資料があなたの現在の生活を変えるのに役立つと信じています。 NBNSC-CNSC試験に合格して認定を取得できれば、近い将来新しい有意義な生活を始めることができます。したがって、NBNSC-CNSC模擬試験の準備をすることは非常に重要です。NBNSC-CNSC認定ガイドにもっと注意を払う必要があります。また、NBNSC-CNSC試験の質問は、認定を取得するためのすべての手助けとなります。
質問 # 97
The type of literature review that is conducted by individuals who do not necessarily have professional expertise in the area, but are connected to the review process by other factors is which of the following?
正解：C
解説：
Non-peer review refers to the process where the literature review is conducted by individuals who may not necessarily possess professional expertise in the specific field of the literature being reviewed. These reviewers are often involved due to other roles or relationships to the content or its publication, rather than their subject matter expertise.
For example, when an editor of a journal or a publication reviews an article, their primary focus might be on checking the coherence, grammar, style, and adherence to publication guidelines rather than deeply analyzing or critiquing the academic rigor or technical details of the content. This type of review is essential for maintaining the quality and readability of published material but does not usually involve the same level of critical academic evaluation found in peer reviews.
In contrast, a peer review is conducted by experts who are usually peers to the original authors in terms of their expertise and specialization in the subject matter. This process is critical in academic publishing as it ensures that the material is rigorously evaluated for its scientific accuracy, relevance, and contribution to the field before it is published.
Other types of reviews mentioned, like meta-analysis and validity analysis, involve specific methodologies for analyzing and synthesizing existing research or assessing the validity of research results, respectively. These are different from non-peer reviews in that they require specific expertise and analytical approaches pertinent to the subject matter being reviewed.
質問 # 98
Which of the following statements is false regarding weighed food record?
正解：B
解説：
To address the question about which statement is false regarding the weighed food record, we need to analyze each statement provided in the context of what is known about this dietary assessment method.
The first statement says, "food and leftovers are weighed using scales or computerized techniques." This statement is true. In a weighed food record, individuals weigh all the food and drink they consume, as well as any leftovers, using scales or computerized techniques to provide an accurate measure of intake.
The second statement is that "it is not preferred by some researchers for gathering data on individuals." This statement is also true, but it requires clarification. While the weighed food record is considered highly accurate, it is not always preferred because it is labor-intensive and requires significant cooperation from participants. This can make it impractical for large-scale studies or for populations where such high levels of compliance may be difficult to achieve.
The third statement notes that "it is considered more accurate than the estimated food record." This statement is true. The weighed food record is generally considered more accurate than the estimated food record, where participants report their intake from memory, as it minimizes issues of recall bias and estimation errors.
The fourth statement says, "it requires a greater degree of subject cooperation than the estimated food record." This is also true. The weighed food record demands that participants meticulously weigh all their consumed foods and beverages, which can be burdensome and influence their normal eating behaviors due to the self-monitoring involved.
Each statement provided in the query accurately describes aspects of the weighed food record method, and none of the statements is inherently false. However, the repeated assertion that "it is not preferred by some researchers for gathering data on individuals" could be misleading if misinterpreted. While it's true that some researchers might prefer other methods for practical reasons, this doesn't inherently negate the benefits or the preference other researchers have for its accuracy. Thus, in a broad sense, all statements listed are correct, but the context or understanding of preference among researchers might vary, making the repeated statement potentially confusing but not outright false.
質問 # 99
Which of the following is NOT a mediator cell that releases substances that mediate immune reactions?
正解：C
解説：
*The question asks which of the listed options is NOT a mediator cell that releases substances involved in immune reactions. The correct answer is "barrier epithelial cell." To understand why this is the correct choice, it is essential to clarify the roles of the different options provided and their involvement in immune responses. *
*Mast cells, basophils, and platelets are all types of cells that play active roles in the body's immune response, primarily through the mediation of inflammation and allergic reactions. Mast cells and basophils are similar in that they both contain granules filled with histamine and other chemicals that are released during allergic and inflammatory reactions, leading to increased vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction. These cells are typically involved in what is considered immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Platelets, while primarily known for their role in blood clotting, also secrete inflammatory mediators that can influence the immune system and vascular responses. *
*In contrast, barrier epithelial cells, which include those that line the skin and mucous membranes, do not primarily function as mediators releasing substances that drive immune reactions. Instead, their primary role is to act as a physical barrier that protects internal tissues from external pathogens, chemicals, and physical insults. While epithelial cells can contribute to immune responses indirectly (for example, by secreting antimicrobial peptides and signaling molecules that alert immune cells to the presence of a pathogen), they are not typically involved in the active mediation of immune reactions through the release of substances like histamine or other pro-inflammatory mediators. *
*Therefore, when comparing the roles of mast cells, basophils, platelets, and barrier epithelial cells, the correct answer to the question is "barrier epithelial cell." This choice is the only one among those listed that does not fit the description of a mediator cell actively participating in the release of substances that mediate immune reactions. Instead, barrier epithelial cells serve more as a physical and chemical line of defense, maintaining the integrity of the body's barriers and providing signals that help coordinate the broader immune response.
質問 # 100
Since diet has been implicated as a factor in heart disease, stroke, birth defects and cancer, which of the following are allowed as health claims on labels?
正解：D
解説：
In addressing the question regarding what types of health claims are permissible on food labels, particularly in relation to various health conditions, it's important to understand the regulatory framework governed by agencies like the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Health claims on food labels are rigorously scrutinized to ensure they are based on scientific evidence and accurately inform consumers without being misleading.
The specific health claims mentioned in the question include relationships between certain nutrients and health conditions: 1. **Sodium and Hypertension:** High sodium intake is linked to an increased risk of hypertension (high blood pressure), which is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke. The FDA allows health claims on labels that state reducing sodium intake can lower blood pressure, which may reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. 2. **Calcium and Osteoporosis:** Adequate calcium intake is crucial for the development and maintenance of strong bones. The FDA permits claims that highlight the role of dietary calcium in reducing the risk of osteoporosis, a condition characterized by brittle and fragile bones. 3. **Folic Acid and Neural Tube Defects:** Folic acid is essential for proper cell growth and development of the embryo. Health claims connecting folic acid consumption with a reduced risk of neural tube defects (such as spina bifida) in newborns are allowed. This is based on strong evidence that suggests women who have adequate folic acid intake before and during early pregnancy can significantly reduce the risk of these birth defects.
Furthermore, the question also refers to a general claim that can be made about diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol, and high in fruits, vegetables, and grains containing dietary fiber. This type of diet is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease. The FDA supports claims that promote these dietary patterns, acknowledging the comprehensive benefits of such diets in preventing heart disease.
In conclusion, the answer to the original question about which health claims are allowed on labels would be "all of the above." Each of these nutrient-disease relationship claims (sodium and hypertension, calcium and osteoporosis, folic acid and neural tube defects) is supported by scientific evidence and is recognized by regulatory authorities like the FDA. Additionally, broad claims about healthy diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol and high in beneficial nutrients are also endorsed due to their proven effectiveness in reducing the risk of coronary heart disease. These regulations ensure that consumers receive scientifically accurate information to make informed dietary choices that promote overall health.
質問 # 101
A guided goal setting intervention called EatFit using computer technology with middle school adolescents in various school and community settings uses constructs of SCT to improve eating and fitness choices. These goals were reinforced through lessons that focused on all of the following except:
正解：D
解説：
The question presents a scenario where a guided goal-setting intervention named EatFit, utilizes computer technology to influence the eating and fitness choices of middle school adolescents. The intervention is built on the constructs of Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), which emphasizes observational learning, self-efficacy, and behavioral reinforcements. The question asks which of the listed focus areas was not emphasized during the lessons that were part of the EatFit intervention.
Let's analyze the options given: 1. **Learning to read food labels** - This option is likely included as part of the intervention. Reading food labels is a practical skill that can directly influence one's dietary choices, aligning well with the goals of improving eating habits. 2. **Only using input from the adolescent** - This option seems inconsistent with the SCT framework, which often involves social influences and guidance from others (such as teachers or peers). Solely relying on the adolescent's input could limit the effectiveness of the intervention by not incorporating a broader perspective or expert guidance. 3. **Verbal encouragement** - Verbal encouragement fits well within the SCT framework as it can enhance self-efficacy and motivation. Positive reinforcement through encouragement can help adolescents feel supported in achieving their dietary and fitness goals. 4. **Self-regulation** - Teaching self-regulation skills is a core aspect of SCT as it helps individuals control their behaviors and maintain changes over time. Skills like setting personal goals, monitoring progress, and adjusting behaviors are crucial for long-term adherence to healthy eating and fitness habits.
Given these analyses, the option "only using input from the adolescent" is the least likely to be reinforced through the lessons in the EatFit intervention. This approach would contradict the collaborative and guided nature of SCT-based interventions, which typically involve inputs from multiple sources including peers, educators, and guided self-assessment. Instead, effective interventions would integrate advice from knowledgeable sources, peer interactions, and guided self-reflection to encourage broader learning and sustainable behavior change.
質問 # 102
......
我々CertShikenのNUTRITIONのNBNSC-CNSC試験のソフトウェアを使用し、あなたはNUTRITIONのNBNSC-CNSC試験に合格することができます。あなたが本当にそれぞれの質問を把握するように、あなたが適切なトレーニングと詳細な分析を得ることができますから。購入してから一年間のNUTRITIONのNBNSC-CNSCソフトの無料更新はあなたにいつも最新の試験の知識を持たせることができます。だから、こんなに保障がある復習ソフトはあなたにNUTRITIONのNBNSC-CNSC試験を心配させていません。
NBNSC-CNSC試験情報: https://www.certshiken.com/NBNSC-CNSC-shiken.html