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질문 # 52
A Generative AI Engineer is developing an LLM application that users can use to generate personalized birthday poems based on their names.
Which technique would be most effective in safeguarding the application, given the potential for malicious user inputs?
정답：C
설명：
In this case, the Generative AI Engineer is developing an application to generate personalized birthday poems, but there's a need to safeguard against malicious user inputs. The best solution is to implement a safety filter (option A) to detect harmful or inappropriate inputs.
Safety Filter Implementation:
Safety filters are essential for screening user input and preventing inappropriate content from being processed by the LLM. These filters can scan inputs for harmful language, offensive terms, or malicious content and intervene before the prompt is passed to the LLM.
Graceful Handling of Harmful Inputs:
Once the safety filter detects harmful content, the system can provide a message to the user, such as "I'm unable to assist with this request," instead of processing or responding to malicious input. This protects the system from generating harmful content and ensures a controlled interaction environment.
Why Other Options Are Less Suitable:
B (Reduce Interaction Time): Reducing the interaction time won't prevent malicious inputs from being entered.
C (Continue the Conversation): While it's possible to acknowledge malicious input, it is not safe to continue the conversation with harmful content. This could lead to legal or reputational risks.
D (Increase Compute Power): Adding more compute doesn't address the issue of harmful content and would only speed up processing without resolving safety concerns.
Therefore, implementing a safety filter that blocks harmful inputs is the most effective technique for safeguarding the application.
질문 # 53
A Generative AI Engineer is tasked with deploying an application that takes advantage of a custom MLflow Pyfunc model to return some interim results.
How should they configure the endpoint to pass the secrets and credentials?
정답：A
설명：
Context: Deploying an application that uses an MLflow Pyfunc model involves managing sensitive information such as secrets and credentials securely.
Explanation of Options:
* Option A: Use spark.conf.set(): While this method can pass configurations within Spark jobs, using it for secrets is not recommended because it may expose them in logs or Spark UI.
* Option B: Pass variables using the Databricks Feature Store API: The Feature Store API is designed for managing features for machine learning, not for handling secrets or credentials.
* Option C: Add credentials using environment variables: This is a common practice for managing credentials in a secure manner, as environment variables can be accessed securely by applications without exposing them in the codebase.
* Option D: Pass the secrets in plain text: This is highly insecure and not recommended, as it exposes sensitive information directly in the code.
Therefore,Option Cis the best method for securely passing secrets and credentials to an application, protecting them from exposure.
질문 # 54
A team uses Mosaic AI Vector Search to retrieve documents for their Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipeline. The search query returns five relevant documents, and the first three are added to the prompt as context. Performance evaluation with Agent Evaluation shows that some lower-ranked retrieved documents have higher context relevancy scores than higher-ranked documents. Which option should the team consider to optimize this workflow?
정답：A
설명：
The scenario describes a common "retrieval gap" where the initial bi-encoder (embedding model) used for vector search identifies relevant documents but does not rank them perfectly. This happens because embedding models represent entire documents as a single vector, which can lose nuance. The standard engineering solution is to implement a Reranker (Cross-Encoder). Unlike embedding models, a reranker processes the query and a candidate document simultaneously, allowing it to capture deep semantic interactions between the two. In a Mosaic AI workflow, after the vector search retrieves the top $k$ documents, the reranker evaluates those specific $k$ documents to produce a more accurate relevance score. This ensures that the most contextually relevant documents are placed at the top of the list (and thus the top of the LLM prompt), which is crucial because LLMs are sensitive to document order and often prioritize information found at the beginning of the context.
질문 # 55
A Generative Al Engineer is ready to deploy an LLM application written using Foundation Model APIs. They want to follow security best practices for production scenarios Which authentication method should they choose?
정답：B
설명：
The task is to deploy an LLM application using Foundation Model APIs in a production environment while adhering to security best practices. Authentication is critical for securing access to Databricks resources, such as the Foundation Model API. Let's evaluate the options based on Databricks' security guidelines for production scenarios.
Option A: Use an access token belonging to service principals
Service principals are non-human identities designed for automated workflows and applications in Databricks. Using an access token tied to a service principal ensures that the authentication is scoped to the application, follows least-privilege principles (via role-based access control), and avoids reliance on individual user credentials. This is a security best practice for production deployments.
Databricks Reference: "For production applications, use service principals with access tokens to authenticate securely, avoiding user-specific credentials" ("Databricks Security Best Practices," 2023). Additionally, the "Foundation Model API Documentation" states: "Service principal tokens are recommended for programmatic access to Foundation Model APIs." Option B: Use a frequently rotated access token belonging to either a workspace user or a service principal Frequent rotation enhances security by limiting token exposure, but tying the token to a workspace user introduces risks (e.g., user account changes, broader permissions). Including both user and service principal options dilutes the focus on application-specific security, making this less ideal than a service-principal-only approach. It also adds operational overhead without clear benefits over Option A.
Databricks Reference: "While token rotation is a good practice, service principals are preferred over user accounts for application authentication" ("Managing Tokens in Databricks," 2023).
Option C: Use OAuth machine-to-machine authentication
OAuth M2M (e.g., client credentials flow) is a secure method for application-to-service communication, often using service principals under the hood. However, Databricks' Foundation Model API primarily supports personal access tokens (PATs) or service principal tokens over full OAuth flows for simplicity in production setups. OAuth M2M adds complexity (e.g., managing refresh tokens) without a clear advantage in this context.
Databricks Reference: "OAuth is supported in Databricks, but service principal tokens are simpler and sufficient for most API-based workloads" ("Databricks Authentication Guide," 2023).
Option D: Use an access token belonging to any workspace user
Using a user's access token ties the application to an individual's identity, violating security best practices. It risks exposure if the user leaves, changes roles, or has overly broad permissions, and it's not scalable or auditable for production.
Databricks Reference: "Avoid using personal user tokens for production applications due to security and governance concerns" ("Databricks Security Best Practices," 2023).
Conclusion: Option A is the best choice, as it uses a service principal's access token, aligning with Databricks' security best practices for production LLM applications. It ensures secure, application-specific authentication with minimal complexity, as explicitly recommended for Foundation Model API deployments.
질문 # 56
A Generative AI Engineer at an automotive company would like to build a question-answering chatbot to help customers answer specific questions about their vehicles. They have:
* A catalog with hundreds of thousands of cars manufactured since the 1960s
* Historical searches with user queries and successful matches
* Descriptions of their own cars in multiple languages
They have already selected an open-source LLM and created a test set of user queries. They need to discard techniques that will not help them build the chatbot. Which do they discard?
정답：A
설명：
According to Generative AI engineering standards for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), chunking strategy is a critical optimization variable. Setting the chunk size to match the model ' s maximum context window (e.g., 4k or 8k tokens) is a poor practice and should be discarded. Large chunks introduce significant
" noise " into the LLM ' s context, as only a small portion of a massive chunk usually contains the answer to a specific query. This leads to the " lost in the middle " phenomenon where LLMs struggle to extract relevant information from bloated contexts. Furthermore, large chunks reduce the precision of the vector search.
Standard best practices involve using smaller, semantically meaningful chunks (typically 256-512 tokens) with overlap to maintain context. In contrast, metadata filtering (B) is essential for narrowing searches to specific car years, fine-tuning embeddings (C) improves retrieval accuracy for domain-specific technical terms, and few-shot examples (D) guide the LLM ' s output format and tone.
질문 # 57
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