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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Project Initiation | - Project justification and feasibility
|
| Topic 2: Project Implementation and Execution | - Stakeholder engagement
|
| Topic 3: Project Planning | - Scope and deliverables definition
|
| Topic 4: Project Closure | - Lessons learned and evaluation
|
| Topic 5: Monitoring and Control | - Performance tracking
|
| Topic 6: Project Management Principles (ISO 21502 Framework) | - Project life cycle overview
|
>> ISO-21502-Lead-Project-Manager専門知識内容 <<
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質問 # 54
What should the project manager collect and analyze, among others, to assess the progress of the project?
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is A . To assess project progress, the project manager should collect and analyze the status of planned and forecasted stakeholder engagement and communications, among other performance information. Progress assessment is not limited to technical work completed or schedule dates achieved. It also includes whether stakeholders are being engaged as planned, whether communications are occurring at the right time, whether information needs are being met, and whether future engagement activities are still realistic. Stakeholder engagement and communications directly affect acceptance, decision-making, issue resolution, risk visibility, and project support. Option B is incorrect in this context because lessons learned from previous projects are valuable inputs for planning and improvement, but they are not the primary current- progress information being asked for. Option C is also not the best answer because the business case and initiation document establish justification and authorization; they may be reviewed for continued alignment, but they are not the direct status information used to assess ongoing progress. PMBOK emphasizes that project communications management ensures project information is planned, created, distributed, monitored, and disposed of appropriately. The uploaded source lists stakeholder engagement and communication status as the relevant answer.
Reference topics: project progress assessment, stakeholder engagement, communications, monitoring, project reporting.
質問 # 55
According to PMBOK, what is the definition of Earned Value Analysis (EVA)?
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is A . Earned Value Analysis, within the earned value management family of techniques, uses integrated performance measures to determine project cost and schedule performance. It links work accomplished with the budget authorized for that work and compares it against actual cost and planned progress. This makes it more powerful than simple expenditure tracking because it shows whether the project is earning value at the expected rate. Option B describes cost variance , not EVA. Cost variance is the budget deficit or surplus at a point in time, normally calculated as earned value minus actual cost. Option C describes the cost performance index , not EVA. CPI indicates cost efficiency by comparing earned value to actual cost. EVA is the broader analytical method; CV and CPI are specific measures used within earned value analysis. PMBOK defines earned value management as a methodology combining measures of scope, schedule, and resources to evaluate project performance and progress, which supports the integrated nature of EVA. The uploaded question set lists option A as the definition choice for EVA.
Reference topics: earned value analysis, earned value management, cost performance, schedule performance, cost variance, CPI.
質問 # 56
What is the purpose of benefit management?
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is A . The purpose of benefit management is to assist the sponsoring organization and the customer in realizing the desired benefits of a project from the project's outcomes. Benefits are not created simply because deliverables have been produced. Deliverables must be used, adopted, integrated, or operated in a way that produces outcomes, and those outcomes must create measurable advantages. Benefit management therefore connects the project's outputs to organizational value. It identifies expected benefits, defines how they will be measured, assigns ownership, monitors benefit realization, and supports corrective action when benefits are not being achieved. Option B describes continued business justification, which helps determine whether the project remains relevant and beneficial in context, but it is not the full purpose of benefit management. Option C describes review or control of continued alignment, stakeholder expectations, and risk acceptability. Benefit management is specifically focused on realizing desired benefits from outcomes, often extending beyond project closure into operational use.
Reference topics: benefit management, outcomes, benefits realization, sponsoring organization, customer value, project outputs.
質問 # 57
Scenario:
Leute is a low-cost airline, headquartered in Wien, Austria. The company aims to offer passengers optimal options regarding its services and gain the lead role among other competitors in the airline industry. Recently, Leute experienced a major drop in revenue due to negative reviews from customers in various online platforms. To increase its profit and enhance customer satisfaction, the company decided to expand its in- flight services by offering entertainment, such as movies, audio books, and games, food for purchase in economy and full meals in premium cabins, and comforts, such as blankets and pillows. For the implementation of this project and future projects of the airline, the CEO of Leute, Michaele Wagner, decided to follow the guidelines of ISO 21502 on project management.
Initially, Allison, the project manager, created a short document in which she justified and summarized all project aspects, including: the nature and purpose of the project, the objectives of the project, key milestones of the project and the time needed to complete the project, and the audience that the project targets.
Afterward, Allison held a meeting with Michaele during which she presented this document and briefly explained each of its points. After a considerable amount of analysis and discussions, the project initiation was approved by Michaele. In addition, a team of eighteen members was authorized to start with the project activities.
While undertaking the project activities, Allison ensured that each work package takes longer than 8 hours, but less than 80 hours, so that they would be completed in 1 to 10 working days. In addition, during this phase, several changes were made in the predefined aspects of the project, which were approved by Nick Todd, the project sponsor. For instance, initially, the project delivery was set to be completed after six months. However, considering how the project was implemented and the time required for the completion of each phase, the deadline for the project completion was postponed for another two months. These changes were also reflected in the business case, which was updated accordingly.
A month after the project execution began, Allison conducted an earned value analysis to measure the progress of the project up to that stage. She measured how efficiently the work was being performed with regard to its budgeted cost, after which she concluded that it was going according to the plan. Moreover, she organized a meeting with relevant project stakeholders in order to communicate the progress report to them.
Question:
Based on scenario 3, Allison conducted the earned value analysis to measure the efficiency of work being performed with regard to its budgeted cost. Which of the following metrics did Allison use in this case?
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is B. Cost performance index (CPI) . The scenario states that Allison measured how efficiently the work was being performed with regard to its budgeted cost. That wording corresponds directly to CPI, which is an earned value management metric used to assess cost efficiency. CPI compares the value of completed work with the actual cost incurred for that work. In standard earned value terms, CPI is calculated as EV / AC , where EV is earned value and AC is actual cost. A CPI of 1.0 means the project is performing exactly according to the cost plan; a value below 1.0 indicates cost inefficiency, and a value above 1.0 indicates cost efficiency. Cost variance (CV), by contrast, shows the amount of budget surplus or deficit at a point in time, calculated as EV minus AC. Actual cost (AC) is simply the cost incurred for performed work; it does not measure efficiency by itself. PMBOK defines CPI as a measure of cost efficiency expressed as the ratio between earned value and actual cost, reinforcing why CPI is the correct metric.
Reference topics: earned value analysis, cost performance index, cost efficiency, earned value, actual cost, cost control.
質問 # 58
What is a work package?
正解：B
質問 # 59
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