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NEW QUESTION # 119
Which technology is characteristic of second-generation computing?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Second-generation computers, roughly from the mid-1950s to the early 1960s, are characterized by the replacement of vacuum tubes with transistors as the primary electronic switching device. Transistors were a major improvement because they were smaller in size, generated far less heat, used less electrical power, and were more reliable than vacuum tubes. This reduced maintenance needs and hardware failures, making computers more stable and suitable for wider organizational use. Performance also improved because transistors could switch faster than vacuum tubes, enabling quicker processing and more efficient operation.
During this era, computers also advanced in software support, with greater use of assembly language and the introduction of early high-level programming languages such as FORTRAN and COBOL. These developments made programming more practical and increased adoption in scientific calculations and business data processing. Microprocessors belong to a much later stage, artificial intelligence is typically linked to later generations, and nanotechnology is a modern fabrication concept. Therefore, transistors are the defining technology of second-generation computing.
NEW QUESTION # 120
Which of the following is required for communication over the Internet?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Communication over the Internet relies on packet-switched networks. Here's why:
1.Packet Switching:
oThe Internet uses a packet-switching approach to transmit data.
oIn this method, data is divided into smaller packets before transmission.
oEach packet contains a portion of the original data along with addressing information.
oThese packets are then sent independently across the network.
oAt the destination, the packets are reassembled to reconstruct the original data.
2.Advantages of Packet Switching:
oEfficiency: Packet switching allows multiple users to share the same network resources efficiently.
oRobustness: If a link or node fails, packets can find alternative routes to reach their destination.
oScalability: The network can handle varying traffic loads without significant reconfiguration.
3.Other Options:
oAn IP Alias: An IP alias is an additional IP address associated with a network interface. It is not a requirement for communication over the Internet.
oA LAN (Local Area Network): A LAN is a local network within a limited geographical area. While LANs are essential for local communication, they are not directly required for Internet communication.
oA circuit-switched network: Circuit-switched networks establish dedicated connections between sender and receiver. The Internet does not use this approach.
oAn analog signal: Analog signals were used in older communication systems (e.g., telephone lines), but the Internet primarily relies on digital signals.
References:
*1ITExamAnswers: 5.4.3 Communications Principles Quiz Answers
*2GCFGlobal.org: Computer Basics - Connecting to the Internet
NEW QUESTION # 121
There are 30 questions on a final exam. The exam will be given in room 126 at 2:00 p.m., and students have one hour to complete it. What is the data-information-knowledge-wisdom DIKW pyramid component exemplified by the statement, "I have completed 25 questions, so I am almost done"?
Answer: D
Explanation:
In the DIKW hierarchy, knowledge focuses on applying information to understand a situation and guide action. The exam facts such as 30 questions, room 126, 2:00 p.m., and one hour are information because they provide organized context. The statement, "I have completed 25 questions, so I am almost done," shows interpretation and application: it uses progress data, compares it to the total number of questions, and draws a practical conclusion about task completion. This is more than raw data, because the numbers are being used to reason about status. It is also not wisdom, because it does not involve an ethical or best-action judgment beyond the immediate conclusion. It represents knowledge because the student is applying understanding of the goal and current progress to evaluate where they stand and to manage time and effort. In Information Technology contexts, this is similar to using metrics to determine completion percentage in a project or workload tracking system. Therefore, the correct DIKW component here is knowledge.
NEW QUESTION # 122
Which item is an input device?
Answer: D
Explanation:
An input device is any hardware device that sends data to a computer, allowing you to interact with and control it. Input devices enable users to input information into the computer system. Let's break down the options:
*Flash Drive (A): A flash drive (also known as a USB drive or thumb drive) is a storage device, not an input device. It allows you to store and transfer data but does not directly input data into the computer.
*CD (B): A CD (compact disc) is also a storage medium, typically used for storing audio, video, or software files. Like a flash drive, it is not an input device.
*Scanner : A scanner is a classic example of an input device. It captures physical documents, images, or text and converts them into digital data that the computer can process. Scanners are commonly used for tasks like digitizing photos, creating PDFs, or scanning documents.
*Printer (D): A printer is an output device, not an input device. It produces hard copies (printed documents) based on digital data received from the computer.
In summary, the correct answer is C. Scanner, as it directly inputs data into the computer system.
References:
1.Computer Hope: What is an Input Device?
2.BBC Bitesize: What are input and output devices?
NEW QUESTION # 123
What is the correct order of project phases?
Answer: B
Explanation:
1.Initiation
2.Planning
3.Executing
4.Monitoring and Controlling
5.Closing
During the Initiation Phase, the project's vague brief is clarified, and key success criteria are defined. It involves project kickoff meetings, understanding project requirements, and defining scope, cost, and resources12.
References 2. The Digital Project Manager 3. Visme
NEW QUESTION # 124
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