New WGU Applied-Probability-and-Statistics Test Sims & Applied-Probability-and-Statistics Exam Passing Score

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WGU Applied-Probability-and-Statistics Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionObjectives
Descriptive Statistics- Data summarization
  • 1. Measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode)
    • 2. Measures of variability (range, variance, standard deviation)
      - Data visualization
      • 1. Histograms and frequency distributions
        • 2. Box plots and interpretation
          Regression and Correlation- Relationship analysis
          • 1. Correlation coefficient interpretation
            • 2. Simple linear regression basics
              Probability Distributions- Discrete distributions
              • 1. Poisson distribution (introductory use cases)
                • 2. Binomial distribution
                  - Continuous distributions
                  • 1. Normal distribution
                    • 2. Standard normal and z-scores
                      Probability- Probability rules
                      • 1. Addition and multiplication rules
                        • 2. Bayes’ theorem (introductory level)
                          - Fundamental probability concepts
                          • 1. Events and sample spaces
                            • 2. Conditional probability and independence
                              Statistical Inference- Hypothesis testing
                              • 1. t-tests and z-tests (basic application)
                                • 2. Null and alternative hypotheses
                                  - Estimation
                                  • 1. Confidence intervals for means and proportions

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                                    WGU Applied Probability and Statistics (FZO1 C955) Sample Questions (Q14-Q19):

                                    NEW QUESTION # 14
                                    A sociologist is investigating the relationship between educational level, high school, bachelor's, master's, and doctorate, and annual income.
                                    How should this study be classified?

                                    Answer: C

                                    Explanation:
                                    This study contains two variables: educational level and annual income. Educational level is categorical because it places individuals into named groups, such as high school, bachelor's, master's, and doctorate.
                                    Although these categories have a natural order, they are still categories rather than measured numerical quantities. Annual income is quantitative because it is measured numerically and can be analyzed using arithmetic summaries such as mean, median, range, and standard deviation. Therefore, the study is classified as categorical-to-quantitative. This classification is important because it determines appropriate statistical displays and summaries. For example, side-by-side box plots or group means could be used to compare annual income across education levels. A categorical-to-categorical study would involve two label-based variables, such as education level and employment sector. A quantitative-to-quantitative study would involve two numerical variables, such as income and years of experience. References/topics from the Study Guide:
                                    categorical variables, quantitative variables, two-variable data classification, comparative summaries.


                                    NEW QUESTION # 15
                                    Probability of rolling an even number on a six-sided die?

                                    Answer: C

                                    Explanation:
                                    A standard six-sided die has six equally likely outcomes: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. The even outcomes are 2, 4, and
                                    6. That gives 3 favorable outcomes out of 6 total outcomes. Therefore, the probability of rolling an even number is 3/6, which simplifies to 1/2. Option A, 1/3, would correspond to 2 favorable outcomes out of 6, which is not correct here. Option C, 1/6, is the probability of rolling one specific number, such as only a 2.
                                    Option D, 2/3, would require 4 favorable outcomes out of 6. Since exactly half of the die faces are even and half are odd, the probability of rolling an even number is one-half. Study Guide references/topics: theoretical probability, equally likely outcomes, sample space, favorable outcomes.


                                    NEW QUESTION # 16
                                    Given a normal distribution with a mean of 40 and a standard deviation of 6, what is the range that contains approximately 95% of the data?

                                    Answer: D

                                    Explanation:
                                    For a normal distribution, the empirical rule states that approximately 95% of the data fall within two standard deviations of the mean. The mean is 40, and the standard deviation is 6. Two standard deviations equal 2 × 6
                                    = 12. To construct the 95% interval, subtract and add 12 from the mean: 40 # 12 = 28 and 40 + 12 = 52.
                                    Therefore, the range containing approximately 95% of the data is 28 to 52. Option D, 34 to 46, represents one standard deviation from the mean and corresponds to about 68% of the data. Option B, 22 to 58, represents three standard deviations from the mean and corresponds to approximately 99.7% of the data. Option C is not based on the stated standard deviation. The correct interval must be symmetric around the mean and extend exactly two standard deviations in each direction. References/topics from the Study Guide: normal distribution, empirical rule, mean, standard deviation.


                                    NEW QUESTION # 17
                                    Correlation r = 0.8 # strong positive relationship #

                                    Answer: D

                                    Explanation:
                                    A correlation coefficient of r = 0.8 indicates a strong positive linear relationship between two quantitative variables. The positive sign means that as one variable increases, the other tends to increase. The magnitude,
                                    0.8, is close to 1, which indicates a strong linear pattern. It is not perfect, because perfect positive correlation would be r = 1, but it is clearly stronger than a weak or moderate association. Option B is incorrect because the interpretation matches both the sign and magnitude of r. Option C is incorrect because correlation is used for quantitative variables, not categorical variables. Option D is incorrect because a negative r would indicate a negative relationship. Importantly, correlation does not prove causation; it describes the direction and strength of linear association. Study Guide references/topics: correlation coefficient, positive association, linear relationship, scatterplot interpretation.


                                    NEW QUESTION # 18
                                    Type I error = ?

                                    Answer: D

                                    Explanation:
                                    A Type I error occurs when a statistical test rejects the null hypothesis even though the null hypothesis is actually true. This is often described as a false positive. In practical terms, the test concludes that there is an effect, difference, or relationship when none truly exists under the null condition. The probability of committing a Type I error is denoted by #, the significance level, often set at 0.05. Option B describes a Type II error, where the test fails to reject a false null hypothesis. Option C is not an error at all. Option D is too general; Type I error is not a data-entry issue but a formal decision error in hypothesis testing. The defining phrase is "reject H# when true." Study Guide references/topics: hypothesis testing, Type I error, null hypothesis, significance level.


                                    NEW QUESTION # 19
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