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ISQI CTFL_Syll_4.0 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Topic 1: Tool Support for Testing0%- Tools Support
  • 1. Test execution tools
  • 2. Performance measurement and dynamic analysis tools
  • 3. Test planning and control tools
  • 4. Test harness and unit test framework tools
  • 5. Test design and test implementation tools
- Benefits and Risks of Test Automation
  • 1. Automated and manual testing trade-offs
  • 2. Tool selection and adoption
Topic 2: Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle20%- Software Development Lifecycle Models
  • 1. Agile and DevOps approaches
  • 2. Iterative and incremental development models
  • 3. Sequential development models
- Test Levels
  • 1. System testing
  • 2. Acceptance testing
  • 3. Integration testing
  • 4. Component testing
- Test Types
  • 1. Confirmation testing and regression testing
  • 2. Non-functional testing
  • 3. Functional testing
  • 4. Black-box testing
- Maintenance Testing
  • 1. Triggers for maintenance
  • 2. Types of maintenance testing
  • 3. Impact analysis
Topic 3: Managing the Test Activities25%- Test Monitoring and Control
  • 1. Metrics used in test monitoring and control
  • 2. Test reporting
- Test Planning
  • 1. Purpose and content of a test plan
  • 2. Entry criteria and exit criteria
  • 3. Test estimation techniques
- Risk-Based Testing
  • 1. Risk mitigation
  • 2. Risk identification
  • 3. Risk assessment
- Configuration Management
  • 1. Configuration management activities
- Defect Management
  • 1. Defect report fields
  • 2. Defect lifecycle
  • 3. Defect reporting tools
Topic 4: Fundamentals of Testing20%- What is Testing?
  • 1. Typical testing objectives
  • 2. Testing and debugging
- Why is Testing Necessary?
  • 1. Defects, root causes, and consequences
  • 2. Testing's contribution to success
  • 3. Errors, defects, and failures
  • 4. Quality assurance and testing
- Test Process
  • 1. Test activities and tasks
  • 2. Traceability between the test basis and test items
  • 3. Test work products
  • 4. Testing as a process
- The Psychology of Testing
  • 1. Cognitive biases
  • 2. Tester mindset and developer's mindset
  • 3. Human psychology and testing
Topic 5: Static Testing15%- Static Testing Basics
  • 1. Static testing and the test process
  • 2. Value of static testing
- Review Process
  • 1. Review phases
  • 2. Review types and their characteristics
  • 3. Success factors for reviews
  • 4. Roles and responsibilities in reviews
Topic 6: Test Analysis and Design20%- Test Techniques
  • 1. Path testing
  • 2. Statement testing and decision testing
  • 3. Boundary value analysis
  • 4. Equivalence partitioning
  • 5. State transition testing
  • 6. Decision table testing
- Experience-Based Test Techniques
  • 1. Error guessing
  • 2. Checklist-based testing
  • 3. Exploratory testing
- Characteristics of Good Tests
  • 1. Coverage and efficiency
  • 2. Test case design principles

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ISQI ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 Sample Questions (Q141-Q146):

NEW QUESTION # 141
Which of the following statements about statement coverage is true?

Answer: B

Explanation:
Statement coverage, also known as line coverage, is a metric used in white-box testing to measure the percentage of executable statements in the source code that have been executed by the test suite. Achieving a certain percentage of statement coverage means that an equivalent percentage of the executable statements in the code have been executed during testing.
For example, achieving 80% statement coverage indicates that 80% of the lines of code have been run through during the testing process. This metric helps in identifying parts of the code that have not been tested and may contain undetected defects.
It's important to note that achieving high statement coverage does not necessarily guarantee that all possible paths or scenarios within the code are tested, nor does it ensure the detection of all types of defects. Other coverage metrics, such as branch coverage or condition coverage, might also be necessary to achieve a more thorough testing process.
References:
* The official ISTQB CTFL syllabus clearly defines statement coverage and explains that it ensures that the corresponding percentage of all executable statements have been tested.


NEW QUESTION # 142
The following state transition diagram describes the behavior of a control system in terms of its possible modes of operation. The initial start state will be the "NORMAL MODE".

Which ONE of the following test cases covers an INVALID sequence?

Answer: A

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
This question applies theState Transition Testingtechnique.
Let's evaluateOption Dstep-by-step:
* NORMAL MODE # DEGRADED MODE:#Valid on"FAILURE DETECTED"
* DEGRADED MODE # NORMAL MODE:#Valid on"ALL FAILURES CLEARED"
* NORMAL MODE # DIAGNOSTIC MODE:#Valid on"SELF DIAGNOSTIC INITIATED"
* DIAGNOSTIC MODE # DEGRADED MODE:#Invalid- there isno defined transitionfrom DIAGNOSTIC MODE directly to DEGRADED MODE.
According to the state diagram, DEGRADED MODE can only be entered:
* From NORMAL MODE (on FAILURE DETECTED), or
* Not from DIAGNOSTIC MODE at all.
This violates the rule:
"State transition testing uses a model where test cases are designed to execute valid and invalid transitions." (ISTQB CTFL Syllabus v4.0, Section 4.2.4 - State Transition Testing, Page 40) Thus, OptionDcontains aninvalid transition, making it the correct answer.


NEW QUESTION # 143
Which ONE of the following options MOST ACCURATELY describes branch testing?

Answer: A

Explanation:
Branch testing is a structural testing technique that ensures each branch (decision point )in the control flow is executed at least once. The goal is to measure branch coverage, which is the number of branches exercised divided by the total number of branches.
(A) describes statement testing, not branch testing.
(B) and (D) introduce confusion between decisions and statements, whereas branch testing focuses on control flow branches.
In simple terms,branch testing checks that all possible decision outcomes (true/false) are executed, whereas statement testing only ensures that each line of code is executed.


NEW QUESTION # 144
Which of the following is a factor that contributes to a successful review?

Answer: C

Explanation:
A factor that contributes to a successful review is ensuring that all participants are trained to understand the review type and its objectives. This training helps participants to effectively contribute to the review process, identify issues, and suggest improvements. Proper training also fosters a constructive and collaborative review environment.


NEW QUESTION # 145
Following a risk-based testing approach you have designed 10 tests to cover a product risk with a high-risk level. You want to estimate, adopting the three-point test estimation technique, the test effort required to reduce the risk level to zero by executing those 10 tests. You made the following three initial estimates:
* most optimistic = 6 person hours
* most likely = 30 person hours
* most pessimistic = 54 person hours
Based only on the given information, which of the following answers about the three-point test estimation technique applied to this problem is true?

Answer: D

Explanation:
The three-point test estimation technique is a method of estimating the test effort based on three initial estimates: the most optimistic, the most likely, and the most pessimistic. The technique uses a weighted average of these three estimates to calculate the final estimate, which is also known as the expected value. The formula for the expected value is:
Expected value = (most optimistic + 4 * most likely + most pessimistic) / 6 Using the given values, the expected value is:
Expected value = (6 + 4 * 30 + 54) / 6 Expected value = 30 person hours However, the expected value is not the only factor to consider when estimating the test effort. The technique also calculates the standard deviation, which is a measure of the variability or uncertainty of the estimates.
The formula for the standard deviation is:
Standard deviation = (most pessimistic - most optimistic) / 6
Using the given values, the standard deviation is:
Standard deviation = (54 - 6) / 6 Standard deviation = 8 person hours
The standard deviation can be used to determine a range of possible values for the test effort, based on a certain level of confidence. For example, using a 68% confidence level, the range is:
Expected value ± standard deviation
Using the calculated values, the range is:
30 ± 8 person hours
Therefore, the final estimate is between 22 person hours and 38 person hours, which is option A.
References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.01, Section 2.3.2, page 24-25; ISTQB Glossary v4.02, page 33.


NEW QUESTION # 146
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